Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Telephone No.: (043) 416 0350 local 206 | Cellphone No.: +63 917 107 2200
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Teacher Education

THESIS FORMAT

PARTS OF A THESIS
THE PROBLEM
 Introduction
 Statement of the Problem
 Scope, Delimitation and Limitation of the Study
 Significance of the Study

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
 Conceptual Literature
 Research Literature
 Synthesis
 Conceptual Framework
 Hypothesis of the Study (if any)
 Definition of Terms

RESEARCH METHOD AND PROCEDURE

 Research Design
 Subjects of the Study
 Data Gathering Instrument
 Data Gathering Procedure
 Statistical Treatment of Data

PAGE LAYOUT SPECIFICATIONS

 Paper Size : Letter (8.5 in by 11 in)
 Top Margin : 1.7 in
 Bottom Margin : 1 in
 Left Margin : 1.5 in
 Right Margin : 1 in
 Right Margin : 1 in
 Paragraph Indention: 0.5 in
 Font Face : Times New Roman
 Font Size : 13 pt
 Line Spacing : Double
 Page Number Position: Top of Page, Aligned to the right margin
 Page Number Format: Times New Roman, 13 pt, *Lowercased Roman
Numeral, **Hindu-Arabic Numeral (*applies to preliminary pages, **applies to
chapter pages and bibliography)

PRELIMINARIES
Title Page
TITLE OF THE STUDY (Times New Roman, 13, Bold, UPPERCASE)

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Telephone No.: (043) 416 0350 local 206 | Cellphone No.: +63 917 107 2200
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Teacher Education

An Undergraduate Thesis
Presented to
the Faculty of the College of Teacher Education
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu
Nasugbu, Batangas

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
PROGRAM (Times New Roman, 13, UPPERCASE)
MAJOR (Times New Roman, 13, Capitalize Content Word/s)
Name of the Authors (First Name, Middle Initial, Last Name)
Date of Completion (Month and year only)
Table of Contents
 Preliminaries
 Chapters I to III
 Bibliography
 The middle heading in TABLE OF CONTENTS is all capital letters and
highlighted (bold).
 There must be one single space between consecutive section headings.
 Lower case, Roman numerals are used in numbering the pages of the
preliminaries.
 Chapter sections and bibliography are numbered using Hindu-Arabic
numerals.
 Appendices and curriculum vitae are not numbered.

The Problem
 What’s in here?
 Introduction
 Statement of the Problem
 Scope, Delimitation and Limitation of the Study
 Significance of the Study

Introduction
 Overview of the discussion
 At most three citations
 Deductive discussion
 Strong foundation
 Rationale of the study
 The left heading in Introduction is title case and highlighted (bold).
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Telephone No.: (043) 416 0350 local 206 | Cellphone No.: +63 917 107 2200
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Teacher Education

 The length should be six (6) to ten (10) typed double-spaced pages.
 The use of bibliographic references must be consistent; the year of
publication must be indicated
 Third person pronouns should be used.
 Ideas must be connected using linking devices and transitions.

Statement of the Problem

 Main problem of the study
 Research questions
 The left heading in Statement of the Problem is in title case and highlighted
(bold).
 The general aim of the study should be stated first followed by the specific
research questions.
 Research questions should be numbered using Hindu-Arabic numerals.
 The first line of each research question should be indented by 0.5 in.

Scope, Delimitation and Limitation of the Study

Scope
 coverage of the study area
 the duration of the study
 Other relevant information about the subject being analyzed
 boundaries set for the study
 boundaries set for the study the population not under study methodological
procedures not used
 explain why other aspects of a subject were excluded.
 Shortcomings, conditions or influences uncontrolled by the researchers
 the instruments utilized, the sample, time constraints, etc.
 what might influence the results should be mentioned.
 The left heading is Scope, Delimitation and Limitation of the Study in title
case and highlighted (bold).
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.
 The length should be three (3) typed double-spaced paragraphs. First
paragraph for the scope, second for the delimitation and the last for the
limitation.
 Third person pronouns should be used.
 Ideas must be connected using linking devices and transitions.

Significance of the Study

 Solving a problem
 Bridging a knowledge
 Improving social, economic and health conditions of the people
 Government’s thrusts
 Socioeconomic impact that alleviates poverty

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Telephone No.: (043) 416 0350 local 206 | Cellphone No.: +63 917 107 2200
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Teacher Education

 Food security
 Contribution to the economic recovery and austerity measures of the country.

FORMAT
 The left heading is Significance of the Study in title case and highlighted
(bold).
 The first part of this section should identify who will benefit from the study.
This shall be followed by the explanation on the significant contribution of the
study to society and/or specific person/s. •
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.
 Start each paragraph using the preposition “To”.

Review of Literature
What’s in here?
 Conceptual Literature
 Research Literature
 Synthesis
 Conceptual Framework
 Hypothesis of the Study (if any)
 Definition of Terms

Conceptual Literature
 derived from published articles, books, journals, magazines, novels, poetry
and other written materials
 can be local or foreign.

FORMAT
 The left heading is Conceptual Literature in title case and highlighted (bold).
 Major topics for literature review should be highlighted (bold), with a period
after.
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.
 There must be a brief introduction/description of conceptual literature.
 The length of each citation should be two (2) to three (3) double spaced
paragraphs.
 The use of bibliographic references must be consistent; the year of
publication must be indicated.
 Third person pronouns should be used.
 All bibliographic entries should be published in the year 2005 and above.
 Ideas must be connected using linking devices and transitions.

Research Literature
 research studies, published and unpublished
 objective/s of the study, relevant findings, conclusions and recommendations
should be included.

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Telephone No.: (043) 416 0350 local 206 | Cellphone No.: +63 917 107 2200
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Teacher Education

FORMAT
 The left heading in Research Literature is title case and highlighted (bold).
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in. •
 There must be a brief introduction/description of research literature.
 The length of each citation should be two (2) to three (3) double spaced
paragraphs.
 The use of bibliographic references must be consistent; the year of
publication must be indicated.
 Third person pronouns should be used.
 The year of publication of all cited studies should be at least 2005.
 The research literatures of similar focal points are presented together.
 Ideas must be connected using linking devices and transitions.

Synthesis
 discussion of the relation/ significance of the concepts mentioned in the
conceptual literature (CL)
 similarities and differences in the studies reviewed
 The left heading is Synthesis in title case and highlighted (bold).
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.
 The use of bibliographic references must be consistent; the year of
publication should not be indicated.
 Third person pronouns should be used.
 The literatures of similar focal points are presented together. •
 Ideas must be connected using linking devices and transitions.

Theoretical Framework
 Identify existing theories
 Theoretical paradigm is optional
 The left heading is Theoretical Framework in title case and highlighted (bold).
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.
 The use of bibliographic references must be consistent; the year of
publication must be indicated.
 Theoretical paradigm (optional) must be labelled.
 Third person pronouns should be used.
 Ideas must be connected using linking devices and transitions.

Conceptual Framework
 provides clear explanations regarding the relationships among variables
 paradigm of variables must be presented.
 research paradigm is shown and discussed

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Telephone No.: (043) 416 0350 local 206 | Cellphone No.: +63 917 107 2200
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Teacher Education

 The left heading is Conceptual Framework in title case and highlighted (bold).
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.
 There must be a discussion of pertinent concepts in the first part.
 The length of each citation should be two (2) to three (3) doubles paced
sentences only.
 Research paradigm must be labelled. The label must be highlighted (bold).
 The use of bibliographic references must be consistent; the year of
publication must be indicated.
 Third person pronouns should be used.
 Ideas must be connected using linking devices and transitions.

Hypothesis
 wise guess that is formulated and temporarily adopted to explain the
observed facts covered
 The left heading is Hypothesis in title case and highlighted (bold).
 The first line of the paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.
 The study is premised on the null hypothesis.

Definition of Terms
 two ways (conceptual definition and operational definition)
 The left heading is Definition of Terms in title case and highlighted (bold).
 The first line of each definition should be indented by 0.5 in.
 There must be a brief introduction/description of definition of terms.
 The length of each definition should be two double-spaced sentences, one for
the conceptual definition and one for the operational definition.
 The use of bibliographic references must be consistent; the year of
publication must be indicated.
 All cited sources should be published in the year 2005 and above.
 Key terms to be defined should be highlighted (bold), with a period after.

Research Method and Procedure

 What’s in here?
 Research Design
 Subjects of the Study
 Data Gathering Instrument
 Data Gathering Procedure
 Data Gathering Procedure
 Statistical Treatment of Data

Research Design
 choose the most appropriate research design for the present study
 supported by a citation of the brief description of the design
 The left heading is Research Design in title case and highlighted (bold).

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Telephone No.: (043) 416 0350 local 206 | Cellphone No.: +63 917 107 2200
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Teacher Education

 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.
 The use of bibliographic references must be consistent; the year of
publication must be indicated.

Subjects of the Study

 how and where the subjects were taken from
 population or sample
 the sampling designs
 The left heading is Subjects of the Study in title case and highlighted (bold).
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.
 If the distribution of respondents will be indicated, the table should be
presented incorporating the following specifications:
 presented incorporating the following specifications: The table is labelled
using Hindu-Arabic numerals.
 Table number and title are highlighted (bold).
 Column headers are highlighted (bold).
 Left, right and inside horizontal borders should be removed.
 Text size is 13 pt.

Data Gathering Instrument

 questionnaire, test, etc.
 Construction, Validation, Administration and Scoring of Responses
 The left heading is Data Gathering Instrument in title case and highlighted
(bold).
 There must be a brief introduction/description of data gathering instrument.
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.
 The design of the instrument must be described.
 Third person pronouns should be used.
 The instrument used should be highlighted (bold), with a period after.
 The following: Construction, Validation, Administration and Scoring of
Responses are not highlighted (not bold) but italicized, with a period after.

Data Gathering Procedure

 process of gathering the data
 permission and approval from the head of the agency
 administration of the instrument to the subjects of the study
 administration of the instrument to the subjects of the study
 duration of the administration of the instrument and percentage retrieval
 The left heading is Data Gathering Procedure in title case and highlighted
(bold).
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in. •
 Third person pronouns should be used.
 Ideas must be connected using linking devices and transitions.

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Telephone No.: (043) 416 0350 local 206 | Cellphone No.: +63 917 107 2200
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Teacher Education

Statistical Treatment of Data

 variable
 normality
 compare
 relate
 The left heading is Statistical Treatment of Data in title case and highlighted
(bold).
 The first line of each paragraph should be indented by 0.5 in.
 The statistical tools used should be highlighted (bold), with a period
 The statistical tools used should be highlighted (bold), with a period after.
 There must be a brief introduction/description of the statistical tools.

Bibliography
 listing of source materials used
 The middle heading is BIBLIOGRAPHY in all capital letters and highlighted
(bold).
 The label is placed in the middle heading of the page in all capital letters and
must be highlighted (bold).
 On each cited source material, the second line and succeeding lines are
indented by 0.5 in.
 The texts are double-spaced.
 Source materials are presented in the following order:
A. BOOKS
B. THESES AND DISSERTATIONS
C. PERIODICALS
D. INTERNET SOURCES
E. OTHER SOURCES

In citing a book, the format is as follows:

 Surname of author, First name initial. Middle name initial. (Year of
publication). Title of book. Publisher City, State/Country: Publisher.
Example: Peterson, P.S. (2009). Differential calculus and its applications. Quezon
City, Philippines: Heaven’s Gate Publishers.

In citing a thesis or dissertation, the format is as follows:

 Surname of author, First name initial. Middle name initial. (Year). Title of
thesis/dissertation. Doctoral Dissertation [or] Master’s Thesis [or]
Undergraduate Thesis. Academic Institution, City, State/Country.

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Telephone No.: (043) 416 0350 local 206 | Cellphone No.: +63 917 107 2200
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Teacher Education

Example: Hernandez, P.L. (2015). Academic performance of junior high school
students of Batangas province. Undergraduate Thesis. San Sebastian College, Lipa
City, Philippines.

In citing a journal found in print, the format is as follows:

 Surname of author, First name initial. Middle name initial. (Year of
publication). Article Title. Journal Title. Volume (Issue), pp.-pp.
Example: Castro, E.F. (2012). The use of social media in teaching mathematics:
The case of Twitter. Journal of Mathematics and Technology. 5(2), 58-63.

In citing a journal retrieved online, the format is as follows:

 Surname of author, First name initial. Middle name initial. (Year of
publication). Article Title. Journal Title. Volume (Issue), pp.-pp. publication).
Article Title. Journal Title. Volume (Issue), pp.-pp. doi:[Link] or Retrieved
from journal URL
Example: De Castro, C.J. (2004). Student engagements with social media: The case
of Facebook. Journal of Mathematics and Technology. 5(2), 58-63.
doi:15.1892/JMT.5.2.1.

In citing a magazine article in print, the format is as follows:

 Surname of author, First name initial. Middle name initial.(Year, Month of
publication). Article Title. Magazine Title, Volume (Issue), pp.-pp.
Example: Hernandez, J.M., et al. (2011, March). Instagram use and problem-solving
skills in mathematics. Mathematics Magazine, 7(2), 59-65.

In citing a magazine article found online, the format is as follows:

 Surname of author, First name initial. Middle name initial.(Year, Month of
publication). Article Title. Magazine Title, Volume (Issue). Retrieved from
magazine’s URL
Example: Hernandez, J.M., et al. (2011, March). Instagram use and proble-solving
skills in mathematics. Mathematics Magazine, 7(2). Retrieved from
[Link]
In citing a newspaper in print, the format is as follows:
 Surname of author, First name initial. Middle name initial. (Year, Month date
of publication). Article Title. Newspaper Title, pp. xx-xx.
Example: Lopez, L.P. (2014, December 12). Social media may improve
mathematical skills of students. Philippine Weekly Inquirer, pp. B1, B3, B7-10.

In citing a newspaper found online, the format is as follows:

 Surname of author, First name initial. Middle name initial. (Year, Month date
of publication). Article Title. Newspaper Title. Retrieved from newspaper
homepage URL

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus
R. Martinez St., Brgy. Bucana, Nasugbu, Batangas, Philippines 4231
Telephone No.: (043) 416 0350 local 206 | Cellphone No.: +63 917 107 2200
E-mail Address: [Link]@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Teacher Education

Example: Lopez, L.P. (2014, December 12). Social media may improve
mathematical skills of students. Philippine Weekly Inquirer. Retrieved from
[Link] weekly/newspaper/ article/2,5718, [Link].

In citing a website article, the format is as follows:

 Surname of author, First name initial. Middle name initial. (Year of
publication). Article title. Retrieved from website’s URL on date of retrieval.
Example: Luckerson, V. (2016). The challenge of Twitter in mathematics
classrooms. Retrieved from [Link] challenge-oftwitter-in-mathematics-
[Link] on March 5, 2017. [Link] on March
5, 2017.

In citing other relevant sources, the format is as follows:

 Surname of author, First name initial. Middle name initial. (Year of
publication). Title of work.
Example: Gronlund, E. D. (2013). Manual in mathematics laboratory.

Note: Capitalize the first letter of the first word of the title of the work and any
subtitles (the first word that follows a colon), as well as the first letter of any proper
nouns.
Cite the author/s as follows:
Singe author
 Surname of author, First name initial. Middle name initial. (e.g. Guerra, H.P.)
Two authors
 Surname of principal author, First name initial. Middle name initial & Surname
of co-author, First name initial. Middle name initial.(e.g. Guerra, H.P.&
Magnaye, G.C.)
Three or more authors
 Surname of principal author, First name initial. Middle name initial. et al. (e.g.
Guerra, H.P., et al.)

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation