Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT II

LABORATORY EXPERIMENT NO.2

Parallel RL, RC, LC, RLC

SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. RICHARD DEAN M. BRIONES

SUBMITTED BY:
BAUTISTA, ALDRIN T. (21-06530)
CHAVEZ, JONNA GAYLE D. (21-09235)
ENGAY, CHRISTIAN EROS S. (23-08336)
SALVA, MAUREENE C. (23-02184)
VIÑAS, JV COS CYRILL D. (23-01291)

BS EE - 2204
GROUP 3

MARCH 2025

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 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

ABSTRACT (EROS)

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BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

I.​ INTRODUCTION
Parallel circuits with resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C) exhibit key
characteristics essential for AC circuit analysis. Impedance (Z), the opposition to current, is the
reciprocal of admittance (Y). Resistance (R) limits current, while inductance (L) and capacitance
(C) store energy in magnetic and electric fields, respectively. Reactance, due to L and C, is given
by,
XL = ωL
and
1
XC = ω𝐶
,

where ω=2πf is the angular frequency. In parallel RL, LC, or RLC circuits, total admittance is
Y = G + jB,
1
with G (conductance) as 𝑅
, and susceptance B including
1
(BL = 𝑋𝐿
)

and capacitive
1
(BC = 𝑋𝐶
)

components. The RMS voltage (VRMS) and current (IRMS) help compare experimental and
theoretical results, with
𝑉𝑀
VRMS =
2

and
𝑉
IRMS = 𝑍
.

Equivalent resistance (Req) and reactance (Xeq) define circuit behavior, where
𝐺
Req = 𝐺2 + (𝐵𝐿 − 𝐵𝐶)2

and

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BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
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Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
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College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

|𝐵𝐿 − 𝐵𝐶|
Xeq = 𝐺2 + (𝐵𝐿 − 𝐵𝐶)2
.

These determine impedance, current, and phase angle, essential for power calculations.
Power parameter include apparent power:
(S = VI)
real power:
(P = VI cosθ)
and reactive power:
(Q = VI sinθ)
with power factor:
(pf = cosθ)
and reactive factor:
(rf = sinθ)
indicating circuit efficiency.
This experiment measures key circuit values and analyzes how R, L, and C interact in AC
circuits, improving understanding of impedance, power, and efficiency for better circuit design
and performance.

II.​ OBJECTIVE
Understanding Accompanying Theory:
●​ Learn the operation of parallel RL, RC, LC, and RLC circuits.
●​ Investigate the impact of parallel arrangements on Z, current division, and phase
angle relationships.
●​ Study the differences in Inductive Reactance (XL) and Capacitance Reactance
(XC) as they occur in parallel circuits versus series circuits.
Recognition of Multisim:

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BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
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Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

●​ Get acquainted with the Multisim simulation environment and how to build and
analyze the operation of parallel circuits.
●​ Develop skills in using Multisim to measure and check parameters of the circuits.
●​ Learn to apply AC analysis and interpret the simulation output.

Measurement and Comparison:

●​ Obtain the required quantities where:
1.​ Voltage (Vrms) across the components is measured
2.​ Current (I) flowing in each branch is determined
3.​ Total impedance (Z) of the parallel combination is calculated
4.​ Power (P) and reactive power (Q) are also obtained
●​ Compare the measured values with corresponding theoretical values.
●​ Explain discrepancies and variations found, if any, with reference to underlying
causes.
Establish the Relationship of Circuits:
●​ Consider the correlation of different elements such as:
1.​ Current splitting in a parallel circuit
2.​ Impact of angle of phase in parallel arrangements of RL, RC, LC, and
RLC circuits
3.​ Definition of Power Factor (PF) and its effect on the efficiency of the
circuit.
4.​ Investigate the effect of the parallel arrangement on the resonance
condition of LC and RLC circuits.
Learn the Properties of Parallel Circuits:
●​ Measure the current and voltage phase difference in parallel RL, RC, and RLC
circuits.

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 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

●​ Track the alteration of impedance with the change of frequencies.

III.​ MATERIALS
In this laboratory activity, we will explore the characteristics of Parallel RL, RC,
LC, and RLC circuits through simulation and analysis. To achieve this, a variety of
materials and tools are required to design, measure, and evaluate the behavior of these
circuits. Key components such as resistors, inductors, and capacitors will be used to
construct the circuits, while measurement tools like multimeters and oscilloscopes will
help us analyze voltage, current, and waveform patterns.

Laptop - an essential tool in this

activity, serving as the platform for
circuit simulation, measurement, data
analysis, and reporting. It enables you to
perform the entire experiment digitally,
making the process efficient, accurate,
and accessible.

Multisim - an indispensable tool

in this lab activity, enabling users to
design, simulate, measure, and analyze
parallel RL, RC, LC, and RLC circuits
with precision and efficiency. Its
user-friendly interface and powerful
simulation capabilities make it an ideal

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BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

platform for exploring the

characteristics of these circuits and
understanding the relationships between
their parameters.

Calculator - a vital tool in this

lab activity, enabling students to
perform precise calculations, unit
conversions, and data analysis. It
ensures that theoretical values are
computed accurately and compared
effectively with simulated results,
enhancing the overall understanding of
the circuit's behavior.

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 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

IV.​ PROCEDURE

Using multisim prepare the following components

●​ 200-ohm resistor
●​ 300 mH inductor
●​ 15µF capacitor
●​ 220V, 60 Hz AC Voltage Source
●​ Digital Multimeter
●​ Wattmeter
●​ Impedance Meter
●​ Ground

Construct the circuit with the resistor, inductor, and capacitor in parallel. And then
connect them with the voltage source and the ground to prevent a floating circuit in Multisim.
Put a digital multimeter in the circuit which can be located in the right side of the Multisim
application and place it near the voltage source. Then connect the positive terminal on the
voltage source and the negative terminal of the multimeter to the resistor. Click on the
multimeter and click on the A button and the wave like button indicating the current and AC
setting respectively then run the simulation by clicking on the green play button.

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BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

Figure 2: Measuring the total current of the circuit using a multimeter.

After measuring the current, stop the simulation by clicking on the red stop button then
connect the multimeter in parallel to the voltage source to get the total voltage. Then click V on
the multimeter settings then run the simulation again and make sure that it is in AC mode which
is represented by the wave-like button as shown in Figure 3.

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BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

Figure 3: Measuring the Total voltage of the Circuit

After getting the total voltage of the circuit, put the wattmeter next to get the total real
power and the power factor of the circuit. Connect the terminals of the I or current part of the
wattmeter in series to the circuit between the resistor and the voltage source, and the V or voltage
part of the wattmeter in parallel to the voltage source then run the simulation. Click on the
wattmeter to show the measurement of the real power and power factor.

Figure 4: Measuring the real power and power factor using the Wattmeter

After getting the real power and the power factor stop the simulation and remove the
wattmeter, the voltage source, and the ground. Put the impedance meter which is located in the
LabView instruments on the lower right part of the application then connect the positive and
negative terminal of the impedance meter on each side of the resistor. After connecting the
impedance meter to the resistor, click on the impedance meter to show the resistance, total
reactance and the absolute value of the impedance then set the frequency to 60 Hz, the same
frequency as the voltage source then run the simulation.

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BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
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College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

Figure 5: Measuring the total Impedance of the circuit using the Impedance meter

Then after getting the total impedance solve for the values that cannot be measured by
Multisim listed below in Table 1 as long as it applied to the type of circuit. Repeat all these steps
for each type and variation of the circuit listed in Table 2 below.

Table 1: Formula to use to compute other parameters of a Parallel RLC circuit

Name and Symbol Formula Unit

Total Voltage (Vrms) Vrms =

𝑉𝑀
∠Ө V
2

Total Current (Irms) Irms =

𝑉 A
𝑍

Inductive Reactance (XL) XL = 2πfL Ω

Capacitive Reactance (XC) XC =

1 Ω
2π𝑓𝐶

Impedance (Z) Z=
1 Ω
𝑌

Phase angle Ө °

Power factor (Pf) Cos (arg(Z)) -

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BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
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College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

Reactive factor (Rf) Sin (𝑎𝑟𝑔(𝑍)) -

Conductance (G) G=
1 ℧
𝑅

Inductive Susceptance (BL) BL =

1 ℧
𝑋𝐿

Capacitive Susceptance (BC) BC =

1 ℧
𝑋𝐶

Admittance (Y) Y = 𝐺 ∓ 𝑗(𝐵𝐿 − 𝐵𝑐) ℧

Equivalent Conductance (Geq) - -

Equivalent Susceptance (Beq) - -

Equivalent Resistance (Req) Req = 2

𝐺
2
℧
𝐺 +(𝐵𝐿−𝐵𝑐)

Equivalent Reactance (Xeq) |𝐵𝐿−𝐵𝐶| ℧

Xeq = 2 2
𝐺 +(𝐵𝐿−𝐵𝐶)

Apparent Power (S) S = Vrms x Irms VA

Real Power (P) P = S x cos Ө W

Reactive Power (Q) Q = S x sin Ө VAR

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BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
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College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

Table 2: Parameters to use for computing the parallel RL, RC, LC, RLC circuits

Original Value Increase by 20% Decrease by 20%

R = 200 Ω 240 Ω 160 Ω

L = 300 mH 360 mH 240 mH

C = 15 μF 18 μF 12 μF

F = 60 Hz 72 Hz 48 Hz

Vrms = 220 V 264 V 176 V

V.​ RESULTS/DATA
DISCUSSION/DATA ANALYSIS

Table 1 Parallel RL - Varying Resistance

R 200Ω 240Ω 160Ω

L 300 mH 300 mH 300 mH

C 0 0 0

f 60 Hz 60 Hz 60 Hz

Vrms 220 V 220 V 220 V

Irms 2.23470543952837<- 2.15039209895207<- 2.38212791458765<-

60.5124190424871 A 64.7683627991322 A 54.7451009133437 A

XL 113.0973355292Ω 113.0973355292Ω 113.0973355292Ω

XC 0 0 0

Z 48.4590386017817+8 43.6112774983488+9 53.3083477704605+7

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5.6943947883838jΩ 2.5460051788607jΩ 5.4158849398276jΩ

Phase Angle 60.51241904° 64.7683628° 54.74510091°

Power Factor 0.492234896 0.426278848 0.577215015

Reactive Factor 0.87046241 0.904591811 0.816592203

G 0.005 0.004166667 0.00625

BL 0.008841941 0.008841941 0.008841941

BC 0 0 0

Y 0.005-0.00884194128 0.0041666666666666 0.00625-0.008841941

288308j 7-0.00884194128288 28288308j
308j

Geq 0 0 0

Beq 0 0 0

Req 48.459038602 43.611277498 53.308347770

Xeq 85.69439479 92.54600518 75.41588494

S 491.6351967 VA 473.0862618 VA 524.0681412 VA

P 242 W 201.6666667 W 302.5 W

Q 427.9499581 VAR 427.9499581 VAR 427.9499581 VAR

Table 2 Parallel RL - Varying Inductance

R 200Ω 200Ω 200Ω

L 300mH 360mH 240mH

C 0 0 0

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f 60 Hz 60 Hz 60 Hz

Vrms 220 V 220 V 220 V

Irms 2.23470543952837<- 1.95900846544341<- 2.66877441483494<-

60.5124190424871 A 55.8398117462652 A 65.658511029948 A

XL 113.0973355292Ω 135.7168026351Ω 90.4778684234Ω

XC 0 0 0

Z 48.4590386017817+8 63.0583700157019+9 33.9775167363561+7

5.6943947883838j 2.9264008455251j 5.1068019802592j

Phase Angle 60.51241904° 55.83981175° 65.65851103°

Power Factor 0.492234896 0.561508549 0.412174215

Reactive Factor 0.87046241 0.827470936 0.911105052

G 0.005 0.005 0.005

BL 0.008841941 0.007368284 0.011052427

BC 0 0 0

Y 0.005-0.00884194128 0.005-0.00736828440 0.005-0.01105242660

288308j 240256j 36038j

Geq 0 0 0

Beq 0 0 0

Req 48.459038602 63.058370016 33.977516736

Xeq 85.69439479 92.92640085 75.10680198

S 491.6351967 VA 430.9818624 VA 587.1303713 VA

P 242 W 242 W 242 W

Q 427.9499581 VAR 356.6249651 VAR 534.9374476 VAR

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BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

Table 3 Parallel RL- Varying frequency

R 200Ω 200Ω 200Ω

L 300mH 300mH 300mH

C 0 0 0

f 60 Hz 72 Hz 48 Hz

Vrms 220 V 220 V 220 V

Irms 2.23470543952837<- 1.95900846544341<- 2.66877441483494<-

60.5124190424871 A 55.8398117462652 A 65.658511029948 A

XL 113.0973355292 Ω 135.7168026351 Ω 90.4778684234 Ω

XC 0 0 0

Z 48.4590386017817+8 63.0583700157019+9 33.9775167363561+7

5.6943947883838j Ω 2.9264008455251j Ω 5.1068019802592j Ω

Phase Angle 60.51241904° 55.83981175° 65.65851103°

Power Factor 0.492234896 0.561508549 0.412174215

Reactive Factor 0.87046241 0.827470936 0.911105052

G 0.005 0.005 0.005

BL 0.008841941 0.007368284 0.011052427

BC 0 0 0

Y 0.005-0.00884194128 0.005-0.00736828440 0.005-0.01105242660

288308j 240256j 36038j

Geq 0 0 0

Beq 0 0 0

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The National Engineering University
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College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

Req 48.459038602 63.058370016 33.977516736

Xeq 85.69439479 92.92640085 75.10680198

S 491.6351967 VA 430.9818624 VA 587.1303713 VA

P 242 W 242 W 242 W

Q 427.9499581 VAR 356.6249651 VAR 534.9374476 VAR

Table 4 Parallel RL - Varying RMS Voltage

R 200Ω 200Ω 200Ω

L 300 300 300

C 0 0 0

f 60 60 60

Vrms 220 V 264 V 176 V

Irms 2.2347∠-60.5124 A 2.6816∠-60.5124 A 1.787∠-60.5124 A

XL 113.0973 Ω 113.0973 Ω 113.0973 Ω

XC 0 0 0

Z 48.45903+85.6944j 48.4590+85.6944j 48.4590+85.6944j

Phase Angle 60.5124 60.5124 60.5124

Power Factor 0.4922 0.4922 0.4922

Reactive Factor 0.8705 0.8705 0.8705

G 0.005 0.005 0.005

BL 0.0088 0.0088 0.0088

BC 0 0 0

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Y 0.005-0.0088j 0.005-0.0088j 0.005-0.0088j

Geq 0 0 0

Beq 0 0 0

Req 48.4590 48.4590 48.4590

Xeq 85.6944 85.6944 85.6944

S 491.6352VA 707.9547VA 314.6465 VA

P 242 W 348.48 W 154.88 W

Q 427.9500 VAR 616.2479 VAR 273.8879VAR

In analyzing the Parallel RL Circuit, we observed how varying resistance, inductance, and
frequency influenced the circuit’s overall behavior. When resistance was increased, the total
impedance also increased because the resistive component dominated over the inductive
reactance, resulting in a larger phase angle. Since impedance affects the flow of current, the
circuit’s total current decreases with higher resistance. Additionally, a higher resistance led to a
lower power factor since more real power was consumed compared to reactive power, reducing
the circuit's efficiency. On the other hand, increasing the inductance caused inductive reactance
to increase, which in turn increased impedance, further reducing the total current. The phase
angle decreased because the inductor contributed more to the circuit’s overall reactance, which
caused a greater delay between current and voltage, making the power factor lower. When
frequency was varied, we observed that inductive reactance is directly proportional to frequency,
meaning that a higher frequency increased XL, which in turn increased impedance and further
reduced current flow. Since inductors oppose changes in current, this shift made the circuit more
reactive, causing the phase angle to change and reducing the power factor. A lower frequency
had the opposite effect, decreasing XL, reducing impedance, and improving the power factor by
allowing more real power to be used. These observations confirmed the theoretical expectations
that resistance controls real power consumption, while inductance and frequency determine
reactive power behavior in parallel RL circuits.

Table 5 Parallel RC - Varying Resistance

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R 200 240 160

L 0 0 0

C 15 15 15

f 60 60 60

Vrms 220 220 220

Irms 1.66063598773519<4 1.54531215666577<5 1.85427529880577<4

8.5170747892493 3.6161556278317 2.1381234157098

XL 0.0000000000 0.0000000000 0.0000000000

XC 176.8388256577 176.8388256577 176.8388256577

Z 87.7539098355472-9 84.4503935317278-1 87.9785809903224-7

9.2473338467291j 14.613373914003j 9.601144749186j

Phase Angle -48.51707479 -53.61615563 -42.13812342

Power Factor 0.662396822 0.593191908 0.741529589

Reactive Factor 0.749153156 0.805061091 0.670920166

G 0.005 0.004166667 0.00625

BL 0 0 0

BC 0.005654867 0.005654867 0.005654867

Y 0.005+0.0056548667 0.0041666666666666 0.00625+0.00565486

7646163j 7+0.00565486677646 677646163j
163j

Geq 0 0 0

Beq 0 0 0

Req 87.753909836 84.450393532 87.978580990

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Xeq 99.24733385 114.6133739 79.60114475

S 365.3399173 339.9686745 407.9405657

P 242 201.6666667 302.5

Q 273.695552 273.695552 273.695552

Table 6 Parallel RC- Varying Capacitance

R 200 200 200

L 0 0 0

C 15uF 18uF 12uF

f 60 60 60

Vrms 220 220 220

Irms 1.66063598773519<4 1.85437458799892<5 1.48342023904462<4

8.5170747892493 3.6161556278315 2.1381234157098

XL 0 0 0

XC 176.8388256577 147.3656880481 221.0485320721

Z 87.7539098355472-9 70.3753279431066-9 109.973226237903-9

9.2473338467291j 5.5111449283356j 9.5014309364825j

Phase Angle -48.51707479 -53.61615563 -42.13812342

Power Factor 0.662396822 0.593191908 0.741529589

Reactive Factor 0.749153156 0.805061091 0.670920166

G 0.005 0.005 0.005

BL 0 0 0

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College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

BC 0.005654867 0.00678584 0.004523893

Y 0.005+0.0056548667 0.005+0.0067858401 0.005+0.0045238934

7646163j 3175395j 211693j

Geq 0.0028 0.0032 0.0023

Beq 0.0025 0.0024 0.0025

Req 87.7539 70.3753 109.9732

Xeq 99.2473 95.5111 99.5014

S 365.3399 407.9624 326.3525

P 242 242 242

Q 273.6956 328.4347 218.9564

Table 7 Parallel RC - Varying frequency

R 200 200 200

L 0 0 0

C 15 15 15

f 60 72 48

Vrms 220 220 220

Irms 1.6606∠48.5171 1.8544∠53.6162 1.48342∠42.1381

XL 0. 0 0

XC 176.8388 147.3657 221.0485

Z 87.7539-99.2473j 70.3753-95.5111j 109.9732-99.5014j

Phase Angle -48.5171 -53.6162 -42.1381

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Power Factor 0.6624 0.5932 0.7415

Reactive Factor 0.7492 0.8051 0.6709

G 0.005 0.005 0.005

BL 0 0 0

BC 0.0057 0.0068 0.0045

Y 0.005+0.0057j 0.005+0.0068j 0.005+0.0045j

Geq 0.0028 0.0032 0.0023

Beq 0.0025 0.0024 0.0025

Req 87.7539 70.3753 109.9732

Xeq 99.2473 95.5111 99.5014

S 365.3399 407.9624 326.3525

P 242 242 242

Q 273.6956 328.4347 218.9564

Table 8 Parallel RC - Varying RMS Voltage

R 200 200 200

L 0 0 0

C 15 15 15

f 60 60 60

Vrms 220 264 176

Irms 1.6606∠48.5171 1.9928∠48.5171 1.3285∠48.5171

XL 0 0. 0

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XC 176.8388 176.8388 176.8388

Z 87.753902-99.2473j 87.7539-99.2473j 87.7539-99.2473j

Phase Angle -48.5171 -48.5171 -48.5171

Power Factor 0.6624 0.6624 0.6624

Reactive Factor 0.7492 0.7492 0.7492

G 0.005 0.005 0.005

BL 0 0 0

BC 0.0057 0.0057 0.0057

Y 0.005+0.0057j 0.005+0.0057j 0.005+0.0057j

Geq 0 0 0

Beq 0 0 0

Req 87.7539 87.7539 87.753

Xeq 99.2473 99.2473 99.2473

S 365.3399 526.0895 233.8175

P 242 348.48 154.88

Q 273.6956 394.1216 175.1652

For the Parallel RC Circuit, changes in resistance, capacitance, and frequency had significant
impacts on impedance, phase angle, and power factor. When resistance was increased,
impedance decreased due to the parallel nature of the circuit, which allowed more current to flow
through the resistor branch. This reduction in impedance resulted in a lower phase angle because
resistance dominated over capacitive reactance, making the circuit behave more like a pure
resistor. Additionally, the power factor improved as resistance increased since a larger proportion
of the power was real power rather than reactive power. Changing the capacitance altered
capacitive reactance (XC), which is inversely proportional to capacitance. When capacitance was

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increased, XC decreased, leading to a lower overall impedance, allowing more current to pass
through the capacitor branch. This shift increased the phase angle, indicating that the circuit was
exhibiting stronger capacitive characteristics. Since a capacitor leads current relative to voltage,
increasing capacitance caused a greater phase shift, reducing the power factor. When frequency
was varied, capacitive reactance was affected inversely; increasing frequency caused XC to
decrease, leading to a lower impedance and higher current flow, while the power factor improved
due to a reduced phase shift between voltage and current. Conversely, decreasing frequency
increased XC, raising impedance and lowering the power factor as the circuit became more
reactive. These findings align with theoretical principles, where capacitive elements store and
release energy, affecting current flow and power factor performance in parallel RC circuits.

Table 9 Parallel LC - Varying Inductance

R - - -

L 300mH 360mH 240mH

C 15uF 15uF 15uF

f 60 Hz 60 Hz 60 Hz

Vrms 220 V 220 V 220 V

Irms 0.7012∠-90° 0.3770∠-90° 1.187463162∠-90°

XL 113.0973Ω 135.7168Ω 90.4779Ω

XC 176.8388Ω 176.8388Ω 176.8388Ω

Z 313.7674∠90° 583.6289∠90° 185.2689∠90°

Phase Angle I lags V by 90° I lags V by 90° I lags V by 90°

Power Factor 0 0 0

Reactive Factor 1 1 1

G - - -

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BL 0.0088 0.0074 0.0111

BC 0.0057 0.0057 0.0057

Y 0.0032∠-90° 0.0017∠-90° 0.0054∠-90°

Geq - - -

Beq - - -

Req - - -

Xeq 313.7674 583.6289 185.2689

S 154.2544 VA 82.9294 VA 261.2419 VA

P 0W 0W 0W

Q -154.2544VAR -82.9294 VAR -261.2419 VAR

Table 10 Parallel LC: Varying Capacitance

R - - -

L 300mH 300mH 300mH

C 15uF 18uF 12uF

f 60 Hz 60 Hz 60 Hz

Vrms 220 V 220 V 220 V

Irms 0.7012∠-90° 0.4523∠-90° 0.9500∠-90°

XL 113.0973Ω 113.0973Ω 113.0973Ω

XC 176.8388Ω 147.3657Ω 221.0485Ω

Z 313.7674∠90° 486.3574∠90° 231.5861∠90°

Phase Angle I lags V by 90° I lags V by 90° I lags V by 90°

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Power Factor 0 0 0

Reactive Factor 1 1 1

G - - -

BL 0.0088 0.0088 0.0088

BC 0.0057 0.0068 0.0045

Y 0.0032∠-90° 0.0021∠-90° 0.0043∠-90°

Geq - - -

Beq - - -

Req - - -

Xeq 313.7674 486.3574 231.5861

S 154.2544 VA 99.5153 VA 208.9935 VA

P 0W 0W 0W

Q -154.2544 VAR -99.5153 VAR -208.9935 VAR

Table 11 Parallel LC: Varying frequency

R - - -

L 300mH 300mH 300mH

C 15uF 15uF 15uF

f 60 Hz 72 Hz 48 Hz

Vrms 220 V 220 V 220 V

Irms 0.7012∠-90° 0.1281∠-90° 1.4363∠-90°

XL 113.0973Ω 135.7168Ω 90.4779Ω

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XC 176.8388Ω 147.3657Ω 221.0485Ω

Z 313.7674∠90° 1716.9025∠90° 153.1738∠90°

Phase Angle I lags V by 90° I lags V by 90 I lags V by 90

Power Factor 0 0 0

Reactive Factor 1 1 1

G - - -

BL 0.0088 0.0074 0.0111

BC 0.0057 0.00679 0.0045

Y 0.0032∠-90° 0.0006∠-90° 0.0065∠-90°

Geq - - -

Beq - - -

Req - - -

Xeq 313.7674 1716.9025 153.1738

S 154.2544 VA 28.1903 VA 315.9810 VA

P 0W 0W 0W

Q -154.2544VAR -28.1903 VAR -315.9810 VAR

Table 12 Parallel LC: Varying RMS Voltage

R - - -

L 300mH 300mH 300mH

C 15uF 15uF 15uF

f 60 Hz 60 Hz 60 Hz

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Vrms 220 V 264 V 176 V

Irms 0.7012∠-90° 0.8414∠-90° 0.5609∠-90°

XL 113.0973 113.0973 113.0973

XC 176.8388 176.8388 176.8388

Z 313.7674∠90° 313.7674∠90° 313.7674∠90°

Phase Angle I lags V by 90° I lags V by 90° I lags V by 90°

Power Factor 0 0 0

Reactive Factor 1 1 1

G - - -

BL 0.0088 0.0088 0.0088

BC 0.0057 0.0057 0.0057

Y 0.0032∠-90° 0.0032∠-90° 0.0032∠-90°

Geq - - -

Beq - - -

Req - - -

Xeq 313.7674 313.7674 313.7674

S 154.2544 VA 222.1263 VA 98.7228 VA

P 0W 0W 0W

Q -154.2544VAR -222.1263 VAR -98.7228 VAR

In studying the Parallel LC Circuit, we focused on how inductance and capacitance interact to
influence impedance, phase angle, and resonance behavior. A key observation was that the
relationship between inductive reactance (XL) and capacitive reactance (XC) determines whether

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the circuit behaves inductively or capacitively. When inductance was increased, XL also
increased, making the circuit more inductive, which resulted in a lagging current and a lower
power factor. Conversely, when capacitance was increased, XC decreased, making the circuit
more capacitive, leading to a leading current and an increased power factor. The most crucial
phenomenon in parallel LC circuits is resonance, which occurs when XL equals XC. At
resonance, the opposing reactances cancel each other out, causing the circuit’s impedance to
reach a maximum value, effectively minimizing current through the reactive branches and
making the circuit behave like a purely resistive network. This resonance condition is highly
significant in electrical engineering applications, as it allows circuits to filter specific frequencies
or maintain steady voltage levels. When frequency was varied, the circuit’s behavior changed
dramatically; increasing frequency caused XL to increase and XC to decrease, making the circuit
behave more inductively, while decreasing frequency had the opposite effect, making the circuit
behave more capacitively. At the resonant frequency, the circuit had minimal reactive power, and
the power factor was at its maximum. These observations highlight how parallel LC circuits are
used in tuning circuits, power factor correction, and signal processing due to their ability to
selectively respond to specific frequencies.

Table 13 Parallel RLC: Varying Resistance

R 200Ω 240Ω 160Ω

L 300mH 300mH 300mH

C 15uF 15uF 15uF

f 60Hz 60Hz 60Hz

Vrms 220 V 220 V 220 V

Irms 1.3044∠-32.5140° 1.1541∠-37.4123° 1.5435∠-27.0185°

XL 113.0973Ω 113.0973Ω 113.0973Ω

XC 176.8388Ω 176.8388Ω 176.8388Ω

Z 168.6519∠32.5140° 190.6282∠37.4123° 142.5376∠27.0185°

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Phase Angle I lags V by 32.5140° I lags V by 37.4123° I lags V by 27.0185°

Power Factor 0.8432 0.7943 0.8909

Reactive Factor 0.5375 0.6075 0.4543

G 0.005 0.0042 0.0063

BL 0.0088 0.0088 0.0088

BC 0.0057 0.0057 0.0057

Y 0.0059∠-32.5140° 0.0052∠-37.4123° 0.0070∠-27.0185°

Geq - - -

Beq - - -

Req 142.2174 151.4130 126.9810

Xeq 90.6515 115.8155 64.7517

S 286.9815 VA 253.8974 VA 339.5595 VA

P 242 W 202 W 303 W

Q 154.2544 VAR 154.2544 VAR 154.2544 VAR

Table 14 Parallel RLC: Varying Inductance

R 200Ω 200Ω 200Ω

L 300mH 360mH 240mH

C 15uF 15uF 15uF

f 60Hz 60Hz 60Hz

Vrms 220 V 220 V 220 V

Irms 1.3044∠-32.5140° 1.1628∠-18.9157° 1.6187∠-47.1897°

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XL 113.0973Ω 135.7168Ω 90.4779Ω

XC 176.8388Ω 176.8388Ω 176.8388Ω

Z 168.6519∠32.5140° 189.1993∠18.9157° 135.9147∠47.1897°

Phase Angle I lags V by 32.5140° I lags V by 18.9157° I lags V by 47.1897°

Power Factor 0.8432 0.9460 0.6796

Reactive Factor 0.5375 0.3242 0.7336

G 0.005 0.005 0.005

BL 0.0088 0.0074 0.0111

BC 0.0057 0.0057 0.0057

Y 0.0059∠-32.5140° 0.0053∠-18.9157° 0.0074∠-47.1897°

Geq - - -

Beq - - -

Req 142.2174 178.9818 92.3640

Xeq 90.6515 61.3341 99.7080

S 286.9815 VA 255.8149 VA 356.1058 VA

P 242 W 242 W 242 W

Q 154.2544 VAR 82.9294 VAR 261.2419 VAR

Table 15 Parallel RLC: Varying Capacitance

R 200Ω 200Ω 200Ω

L 300mH 300mH 300mH

C 15uF 18uF 12uF

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f 60Hz 60Hz 60Hz

Vrms 220 V 220 V 220 V

Irms 1.3044∠-32.5140° 1.1894∠-22.3535° 1.4534∠-40.8142°

XL 113.0973Ω 113.0973Ω 113.0973Ω

XC 176.8388Ω 147.3657Ω 221.0485Ω

Z 168.6519∠32.5140° 184.9711∠22.3535° 151.3666∠40.8142°

Phase Angle I lags V by 32.5140° I lags V by 22.3535° I lags V by 40.8142°

Power Factor 0.8432 0.9249 0.7568

Reactive Factor 0.5375 0.3803 0.6536

G 0.005 0.005 0.005

BL 0.0088 0.0088 0.0088

BC 0.0056 0.0068 0.0045

Y 0.0059∠-32.5140° 0.0054∠-22.3535° 0.0066∠-40.8142°

Geq - - -

Beq - - -

Req 142.2174 171.0715 114.5592

Xeq 90.6515 70.3480 98.9345

S 286.9815 VA 261.6626 VA 319.7535 VA

P 242 W 242 W 242 W

Q 154.2544 VAR 99.5153 VAR 208.9935 VAR

Table 16 Parallel RLC: Varying Frequency

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R 200Ω 200Ω 200Ω

L 300mH 300mH 300mH

C 15uF 15uF 15uF

f 60Hz 72Hz 48Hz

Vrms 220 V 220 V 220 V

Irms 1.3044∠-32.5140° 1.1074∠-6.6444° 1.8091∠-52.5526°

XL 113.0973Ω 135.7168Ω 90.4779Ω

XC 176.8388Ω 147.3657Ω 221.0485Ω

Z 168.6519∠32.5140° 198.6567∠6.6444° 121.6065∠52.5526°

Phase Angle I lags V by 32.5140° I lags V by I lags V by 52.5526°

6.6444°

Power Factor 0.8432 0.9933 0.6080

Reactive Factor 0.5375 0.1157 0.7939

G 0.005 0.005 0.005

BL 0.0088 0.0074 0.0111

BC 0.0056 0.0068 0.0045

Y 0.0059∠-32.5140° 0.0050∠-6.6444° 0.0082∠-52.5526°

Geq - - -

Beq - - -

Req 142.2174 197.3224 73.9407

Xeq 90.6515 22.9859 96.5449

S 286.9815 VA 243.6364 VA 398.0050 VA

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P 242 W 242 W 242 W

Q 154.2544 VAR 28.1903 VAR 315.9810 VAR

Table 17 Parallel RLC: Varying RMS Voltage

R 200Ω 200Ω 200Ω

L 300mH 300mH 300mH

C 15uF 15uF 15uF

f 60Hz 60Hz 60Hz

Vrms 220 V 264 V 176 V

Irms 1.3044∠-32.5140° 1.5653∠-32.5140° 1.0435∠-32.5140°

XL 113.0973Ω 113.0973Ω 113.09733Ω

XC 176.8388Ω 176.8388Ω 176.8388Ω

Z 168.6519∠32.5140° 168.6519∠32.5140° 168.6519∠32.5140°

Phase Angle I lags V by 32.5140° I lags V by 32.5140° I lags V by 32.5140°

Power Factor 0.8432 0.8432 0.8432

Reactive Factor 0.5375 0.5375 0.5375

G 0.005 0.005 0.005

BL 0.0088 0.0088 0.0088

BC 0.0056 0.0056 0.0056

Y 0.0059∠-32.5140° 0.0059∠-32.5140° 0.0059∠-32.5140°

Geq - - -

Beq - - -

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Req 142.2174 142.2174 142.2174

Xeq 90.6515 90.6515 90.6515

S 286.9815 VA 413.2534 VA 183.6682 VA

P 242 W 348 W 155 W

Q 154.2544 VAR 222.1263 VAR 98.7228 VAR

For the Parallel RLC Circuit, we analyzed the combined effects of resistance, inductance, and
capacitance on impedance, phase angle, power factor, and resonance conditions. When resistance
was increased, the circuit exhibited a higher power factor because a greater proportion of the
power consumed was real power rather than reactive power. This increase in resistance also
reduced the overall circuit current but had minimal impact on impedance at resonance. Varying
inductance showed that increasing L led to an increase in XL, causing the circuit to behave more
inductively with a lower power factor, while decreasing L had the opposite effect, making the
circuit more capacitive and improving the power factor. Similarly, changing capacitance had a
direct effect on XC, where increasing capacitance lowered XC, making the circuit more
capacitive, increasing the phase angle, and shifting the power factor closer to unity. Frequency
played a crucial role in determining whether the circuit was inductive or capacitive; increasing
frequency raised XL and lowered XC, making the circuit behave more inductively, while
decreasing frequency had the opposite effect. The most important observation was that at
resonance, where XL equals XC, the impedance was maximized, minimizing reactive power and
allowing the circuit to operate at peak efficiency with a power factor of one. This resonance
condition in RLC circuits is particularly useful in power systems and communication circuits, as
it allows efficient energy transfer and frequency selection. These results confirmed that parallel
RLC circuits exhibit complex interactions between resistance, inductance, and capacitance, with
resonance playing a key role in their overall performance.

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VI.​ CONCLUSION

BAUTISTA, ALDRIN T. (21-06530)

​ The exploration of parallel RL, RC, LC, and RLC circuits was successfully conducted
using a blend of theoretical analysis and simulation tools. Multisim played a crucial role in
designing, simulating, and analyzing these circuits, allowing for the measurement of key
parameters such as voltage, current, impedance, and phase relationships. The calculator ensured
precise computations of theoretical values, which were then compared to the simulated results to
validate the understanding of circuit behavior.
​ A key aspect of the activity involved adjusting circuit parameters—resistance (R),
inductance (L), and capacitance (C)—by ±20% to observe their impact on the circuit's
performance. For instance, increasing resistance by 20% led to a decrease in current and a shift
in the phase angle, aligning with Ohm's Law and impedance principles. Decreasing inductance
by 20% reduced inductive reactance (𝑋𝐿), which affected the circuit's resonant frequency and

altered the phase relationship between voltage and current. Similarly, adjusting capacitance by
20% influenced capacitive reactance (𝑋𝐶), impacting the impedance and overall behavior of the

circuit. These changes demonstrated the direct relationship between circuit components and their
effects on the circuit's performance, providing valuable insights into the dynamics of parallel RL,
RC, LC, and RLC circuits.
​ Comparing the results of the original circuit (with the given parameters) to the modified
circuits (with adjusted variables) revealed clear trends. For example, increasing resistance
reduced current flow, while decreasing capacitance shifted the circuit's resonance and changed

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the phase angle. These observations were consistent with theoretical predictions, highlighting the
direct relationship between circuit parameters and their effects on circuit behavior.
​ The activity underscored the importance of simulation tools like Multisim, which
provided a safe and efficient platform for experimenting with electrical circuits. It also
emphasized the value of theoretical calculations and data analysis in understanding circuit
dynamics. By observing and analyzing the effects of parameter adjustments, the activity
deepened the understanding of how resistance, inductance, and capacitance interact in AC
circuits.

SALVA, MAUREENE C. (23-02184)

The experimental investigation of the RL, RC, LC, and RLC circuits in the laboratory
gave useful insights into the circuit behavior. With the aid of Multisim in simulation and
analysis, the students were able to obtain firsthand experience in designing, measuring, and
analyzing important parameters such as voltage, current, impedance, and phase relationships.
The experiments illustrated the basic laws that control parallel circuits, such as the impact
of resistance, inductance, and capacitance on impedance and power factor. Significantly, the
resistance and reactance variations showed how these elements affect current flow and efficiency
in parallel circuits. The findings verified theoretical predictions, especially regarding resonance
conditions where inductive and capacitive reactances cancel each other out, reducing impedance
and maximizing power factor.
Overall, the exercises confirmed the significance of learning circuit dynamics as a
stepping stone to more advanced studies in electrical engineering and circuit design. The
effective synthesis of theoretical concepts with hands-on simulations deepened understanding of
how to control circuit parameters for intended results, enhancing design and performance in
actual use.

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College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

VII.​ REFERENCES
Hambley, A. R. (2018). Electrical engineering: Principles and applications (7th ed.). Pearson.
James W. Nilsson, Susan Riedel, Pearson Education, (2014) - Technology & Engineering
Charles K. Alexander, Matthew N. O. Sadiku · (2017): Fundamentals of Electric Circuits

VIII.​ APPENDIX
Appendix A: Meeting Documentation

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 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

●​ Inductive Reactance (XL)

𝑋𝐿 = 2π𝐹𝐿

−3
𝑋𝐿 = 2π𝐹𝐿 = (60𝐻𝑧)(300 × 10 𝐻) = 113. 0973355Ω

●​ Capacitive Reactance (XC)

𝑋𝐶 = 1/(2π𝐹𝐶)

−6
𝑋𝐶 = 1/(2π𝐹𝐶) = 1/(2π)(60𝐻𝑧)(15 × 10 ) = 176. 8388257Ω

●​ Admittance (Y)

𝑌 = 𝐺 − 𝑗(𝐵𝐿 − 𝐵𝐶)

𝑌 = 0. 005℧ − 𝑗(0. 008841941℧ − 0. 005654867 ℧) = 0. 005929371∠ − 32. 51404363 ℧

●​ Impedance (Z)

𝑍 = 1/𝑌 = 𝑅𝑒𝑞 ± 𝑗𝑋𝑒𝑞

𝑍 = 1/0. 005929371∠ − 32. 51404363 ℧ = 168. 6519448∠32. 51404363 Ω

●​ RMS Current (Irms)

𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠/𝑍

𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 = 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠/𝑍 = (220∠0𝑉)/(168. 6519448∠32. 51404363 Ω) = 1. 304461684∠ − 32. 51404363 𝐴

●​ Phase Angle (θ)

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

θ = 𝐴𝑟𝑔(𝑍)

θ = 𝐴𝑟𝑔(𝑍) = 𝐴𝑟𝑔(168. 6519448∠132. 51404363Ω) = 32. 51404363°

●​ Power factor

𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝐴𝑟𝑔(𝑍))

𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝑎𝑟𝑔(𝑍)) = 𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝐴𝑟𝑔(168. 6519448∠32. 51404363Ω)) = 0. 843259724

●​ Reactive factor

𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛(𝑎𝑟𝑔(𝑍))

𝑅𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝐹𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛(𝑎𝑟𝑔(𝑍)) = 𝑆𝑖𝑛(𝐴𝑟𝑔(168. 6519448∠32. 51404363Ω)) = 0. 537506314

●​ Conductance (G)

𝐺 = 1/𝑅

𝐺 = 1/200Ω = 5𝑚℧

●​ Susceptance of Inductor (BL)

𝐵𝐿 = 1/𝑋𝐿

𝐵𝐿 = 1/𝑋𝐿 = 1/113. 0973355Ω = 8. 841941283𝑚℧

●​ Susceptance of Capacitor (BC)

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

𝐵𝐶 = 1/𝑋𝐶

𝐵𝐶 = 1/𝑋𝐶 = 1/176. 8388257Ω = 5. 654866776𝑚℧

●​ Equivalent Resistance (Req)

2 2
𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 𝐺/(𝐺 + (𝐵𝐿 − 𝐵𝐶) )

2 2
𝑅𝑒𝑞 = 5𝑚℧/(5𝑚℧) + (8. 841941283𝑚℧ − 5. 654866776𝑚℧) ) = 142. 2173925 Ω

●​ Equivalent Reactance (Xeq)

2 2
𝑋𝑒𝑞 = |𝐵𝐿 − 𝐵𝐶|/𝐺 + (𝐵𝐿 − 𝐵𝐶)

2 2
𝑋𝑒𝑞 = |8. 841941283𝑚℧ − 5. 654866776𝑚℧|(5𝑚℧) + (8. 841941283𝑚℧ − 5. 654866776𝑚℧)

𝑋𝑒𝑞 = 90. 65148521 Ω

●​ Apparent Power (S)

𝑆 = |𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠|×|𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠|

𝑆 = | 220 ∠0°𝑉 |×|1. 304461684∠ − 32. 51404363 𝐴| =286. 9815705 𝑉𝐴

●​ Real Power (P)

𝑃 = |𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠| ×|𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠| ×𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝑎𝑟𝑔(𝑍))

𝑃 = | 220 ∠0°𝑉 |×|1. 304461684∠ − 32. 51404363 𝐴|𝐶𝑜𝑠(𝐴𝑟𝑔(168. 6519448∠0. 567477115 Ω))

𝑃 = 242𝑊

●​ Reactive Power (Q)

Leading Innovations, Transforming Lives, Building the Nation

 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
The National Engineering University
Alangilan Campus
Golden Country Homes, Alangilan Batangas City, Batangas, Philippines 4200
Tel Nos.: (+63 43) 425-0139 local 2121 / 2221
E-mail Address: ceafa@[Link] | Website Address: [Link]

College of Engineering – Department of Electrical Engineering

𝑄 = |𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠| ×|𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠| ×𝑆𝑖𝑛(𝑎𝑟𝑔(𝑍))

𝑄 = | 220 ∠0°𝑉 |×|1. 304461684∠ − 32. 51404363 𝐴|𝑆𝑖𝑛(𝐴𝑟𝑔(168. 6519448∠0. 567477115 Ω))

𝑄 = 154. 2544061 𝑉𝐴𝑅

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