Nicolas Mendoza
Analysing
DIFFERENT
TYPES OF TEXTS
Style and Composition
Why do we divide into different types
of texts?
There are different types of texts, each one with a specific structure, characteristics
and functions. These are important to know so that when we write, we will be able
to communicate what we want more effectively.
(01) Narrative texts
This type of text narrates a succession of events that take place in a defined space
and time. A narrator describes the actions, which can be real, fictitious or based on
real events, within a structure consisting of a beginning, a development and a
conclusion.
Examples of this type of text:
Short story
Novel
Chronicle
Report
(02) Descriptive texts
A descriptive text is a detailed description of the qualities, characteristics or
attributes of an object, phenomenon, situation, person or animal. It is usually
structured in beginning, development and conclusion.
There are two types:
The objective description, which is closer to reality.
The literary or subjective description, in which the writer describes
something that emanates from their imagination.
(03) Argumentative texts
These are texts based on a central idea with the intention of proving or disproving
it. Argumentative texts may use resources such as quotations, verifiable data or
examples to reinforce the argument. They express ideas in a clear, direct and
orderly way to gain coherence and capture the reader's attention.
Examples:
Reviews
Theses
Opinion articles
Essays
(04) Expository texts
Expository texts present a series of ideas in an informative way. They can serve as
the basis for an oral discourse or for the exposition of concepts in a specialized field.
They are used to communicate ideas in a pedagogical way, they use technical or
specialized language and are usually structured in short and concrete sentences to
facilitate comprehension.
Examples:
Informative articles
Encyclopedias
Study manuals
Textbooks
(05) Instructive texts
These are texts that offer the necessary indications to carry out an action. Their
content is usually specific and they use a language that allows the instructions to
be accessible to most readers. They present the information in a hierarchical way
(steps, sequences, a numbered list, etc.) and use graphic resources to facilitate
comprehension.
Examples:
Recipes
Manuals
Instructions
Activity: Identify the type of text
“Suddenly, without realizing it, I found myself in a desolate forest. All I could hear
was the sweet whisper of the autumn breeze. A feeling of nostalgia filled my
body…”
The type of text is:
Activity: Identify the type of text
"How to use floor cleaner:
Wear gloves to avoid direct contact with the product.
Open the container and use one measure of cleaner per liter of water.
Dampen the floor mop in the mixture.
After cleaning, wipe with a new floor mop dampened only with water."
The type of text is:
Activity: Identify the type of text
"Review of the documentary Blackfish
Blackfish is a documentary that denounces the treatment of captive animals in
the marine parks of a well-known multinational company. The whole story revolves
around Tilikum, an orca who was captured and separated...”
The type of text is:
