CPAR

STEM Society Reviewer | 2nd Semester Mid Term

-​ The Banga or pot dance is a performance of

ARTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
Kalinga of the Mountain Province of the
1.​ Modern Art Philippines.
-​ Developed as styles and techniques -​ This dance shows the elegant ​grace of the
-​ Emerged in the late 1800s Igorot tribe and the skill and strength of women. ​
-​ Waned in the middle of 20th century
when postmodernism came to light SPANISH COLONIAL TRADITION
2.​ Contemporary Arts -​ Art forms were primarily influenced by religion
-​ Art that springs out of the present day and secularization. ​ In this time, Spaniards used
events and passions of the society arts to propagate the Catholic faith. ​
-​ Emerged around late 1970s
3.​ Integrative Art 1.​ LANGIT, LUPA, AT IMPYERNO
-​ Product of a “crossbreeding” in the -​ By Josef Luciano Dans found in St. James the
contemporary scene Apostle Church in Paete, Laguna. ​ This painting
-​ A hybrid art since it is interactive and was dated 1850 and depicts the heaven,
multi-disciplinary crucifixion of Christ; earth, Adam and Eve; and
THE SUBJECT OF ART hell, sinners with different transgressions. ​The
main door is a convention door.
1.​ Realism - the subject is done the way it looks
2.​ ST. PAUL METROPOLITAN CATHEDRAL
Elements of Art: Color, Shape and Form, Value, Line
-​ St. Paul Metropolitan Cathedral is located in
Principle of Design: Harmony, Variety, Proportion
Burgos, Vigan City, Ilocos Sur. ​ The original
EXAMPLE: 1954 Amorsolo Oil Painting
structure was built in 1574 as a chapel and
2.​ Distortion - the artist breaks apart a subject
replaced as a church in 1641. ​ The cathedral
and rearranges it in a different manner
follows a Baroque architectural design. ​
Elements of Art: Color, Shape and Form, Value, Line
Principle of Design: Variety, Rhythm, Proportion
AMERICAN COLONIAL AND CONTEMPORARY ARTS
EXAMPLE: 2009 Mga Langgam sa Syudad, Ricky V.
TRADITIONS
Ambagan
-​ Modern art refers to the practice of art from
3.​ Abstraction - Similar to distortion, wherein the
the 1860s to 1960s. ​The main theme of art works
artist breaks apart a subject
at this time is national identity (Independence
Elements of Art: Line, Shape and Form, Color, Value
and Generosity).
Principle of Design: Variety, Rhythm, Proportion
EXAMPLE: 1955 Calesa, Vicente Manansala
1.​ THE MAKING OF THE PHILIPPINE FLAG
4.​ Non-Objectivism - There is totally no subject at
-​ This painting was made by Fernando Amorsolo,
all, just an interplay of the elements of art
“Grand Old Man of Philippine Art” and born in
Elements of Art: Line, Color, Shape and Form, Space
Manila. ​ It shows a reminder of the traditions
Principle of Design: Variety, Rhythm
and customs of the Filipino. ​
EXAMPLE: Non Objective Art, Olga Rosanova
-​ Donya Marcela Mariño Agoncillo, Delfina Herbosa
DEVELOPMENT OF PHILIPPINE ARTS
Natividad, Lorenza Mariño Agoncillo
2.​ BAYANIHAN
ETHNIC TRADITION -​ Carlos “Botong” Francisco was born in Angono,
-​ Art forms are primarily influenced by the Rizal. ​ This painting by him was dated in 1962. ​
geographical location and the experiences of This mural painting shows the Filipinos
the Filipinos (Luzviminda & Sayseng, 2016). bayanihan tradition. ​
-​ In this time, the purpose of art is integral to life. ​
CONTEMPORARY ARTS TRADITIONS
1.​ ANGONO PETROGLYPHS -​ Contemporary art refers to the practice of art
-​ The Angono Petroglyphs ​ situated Binangonan, from the 1970s to the present. ​ It mirrors
Rizal. ​ contemporary culture and society. ​
-​ It was discovered by the National Artist Carlos
"Botong" Francisco in 1965. 1.​ CINCO MARIAS (TRES MARIAS SERIES - PLAY)
2.​ MANUNGGUL JAR -​ Federico Aguilas Alcuaz was born in Santa Cruz,
-​ Manunggul jar is found in Manunggul Cave, Manila. ​
Lipuun Point, Palawan in the early 1960s. -​ Cinco Marias (Tres Marias Series) depicts the
-​ Manunggul jar is a burial jar which signifies the variety of domestic activities (Guillermo, 2007). ​
belief of early Filipinos in life after death. ​ 2.​ ART INSTALLATION IN SAND DUNES OF PAOAY
3.​ BANGA
CPAR
STEM Society Reviewer | 2nd Semester Mid Term

-​ Leeroy New is one of the Philippines PRINCIPLES OF ART

contemporary artists. ​
-​ This art installation was made for the La
Milagrosa Festival in Ilocos Norte. 1.​ Proportion
-​ Proportion refers to the relationship of the size
ELEMENTS OF ART of elements in a body of art. ​For example, when
drawing a human standing beside a house, it is
important to ensure that the size of the human
1.​ Space is proportional to the size of the house. ​
-​ In visual arts, space pertains to emptiness 2.​ Harmony
which may either be positive space or negative -​ In visual arts, harmony is the unity of the
space. ​ Positive space refers to a part which is artwork, specifically about the arrangement of
enclosed in a shape, while negative space the related elements. ​
refers to the opposite part which the shape is 3.​ Variety
enclosing. ​ -​ In other terms, variety may be referred to as
diversity. ​ This means adding multiple, different
2.​ Line elements to break the monotony of an artwork
-​ In visual arts, a line is a series of connected and make it more interesting. ​
points. 4.​ Movement
-​ It may come in two characteristics: form lines– -​ In arts, movement is the illusion of motion in a
curved, dotted, or broken lines; and direction painting, sculpture design, or in a piece of art. ​
lines – vertical, horizontal, or diagonal lines. ​ 5.​ Rhythm
Different types of lines may convey different -​ This refers to certain elements to produce a
meanings. ​ pattern. In visual arts, repeated design
elements may create a certain flow and may
3.​ Shape and Form lead the viewer’s eyes.
-​ Shape is an area that is enclosed by a line or 6.​ Balance
lines. ​ Shapes are two dimensional figures with -​ Refers to the even and equal distribution of
height and width. ​ elements
-​ There are different kinds of shapes and these 7.​ Emphasis
are geometric shapes (triangle, squares, -​ A principle which may refer to the greater
rectangle, etc. ​), organic shapes (shapes found impact given on a certain element.
in nature), and abstract shapes (asymmetrical
and free flowing shapes). ​ CONTEMPORARY ARTS IN THE PHILIPPINES
-​ Forms are three dimensional figures. ​ Its
dimensions are height, width, and volume. ​ Contemporary Art
Unlike shapes, it has more depth. ​
-​ Contemporary Art is influenced by the
4.​ Color economic, social, political, and environmental
-​ In visual arts, color is associated with the context where the artist is immersed in. It can
natural phenomenon in our environment. ​ be said that Contemporary Art is the artist’s
Scientifically, when a light passes through a expression of his perception and
prism, it will produce different hues of different comprehension of these contexts.
wavelengths. ​ These colors may pertain to Contemporary Arts in the Philippines is as
lightness, darkness, coolness, or warmth. ​ diverse as our people.
5.​ Value Visual Arts
-​ In visual arts, value is considered a property of a
color which pertains to its lightness or
1.​ Pop Art - Art inspired by popular culture, such
darkness.
as advertisements, comics, and everyday
objects.
6.​ Texture
-​ Bright, bold colors with comic-style
-​ In visual arts, texture is the element that
imagery (e.g., speech bubbles and
appeals to our sense of feel on things, rough,
repetitive patterns).
smooth, bumpy, or slippery. ​ It pertains to the
2.​ Word Art - Art using typography or text as the
surface of an art piece.
main visual element.
CPAR
STEM Society Reviewer | 2nd Semester Mid Term

-​ Text in creative layouts, like inspirational 5.​ Architecture, Design, and Allied Art - Creative
quotes in artistic fonts. storytelling using motion pictures.
3.​ Conceptual Art - Focuses on the idea or -​ Example: A cinematic scene with a
concept behind the artwork rather than its director filming.
aesthetic value.
-​ Minimalist designs that challenge Literary Arts
perceptions (e.g., a single object with
philosophical meaning).
1.​ Illustrated Novel - A story enriched with
illustrations.
-​ Example: Pages featuring detailed
drawings and text.
4.​ Installation Art - Three-dimensional works 2.​ Digi-Fiction - Stories that integrate text,
designed to transform a space. graphics, and multimedia.
-​ Example; an immersive room filled with -​ Example: A digital story interface with
hanging lights or interactive objects. interactive elements.
5.​ Photorealism - Art that looks like a 3.​ Graphic Novel - Narratives told through
high-resolution photograph. comic-style visuals.
-​ Example; A painting of a street scene -​ Example: Panels with characters and
indistinguishable from a photo. dialogue bubbles.
6.​ Contemporary Realism - Realistic art that 4.​ Manga - Japanese graphic novels with
reflects modern-day subjects. distinctive art styles.
-​ A realistic portrayal of urban life. -​ Example: Black-and-white character
7.​ Graffiti Art - Art made in public spaces using sketches in manga style.
spray paint, often with a social or political 5.​ Doodle Fiction - Stories with doodles as integral
message. parts of the narrative.
-​ Example; A colorful mural on a brick wall. -​ Example: Quirky illustrations paired with
handwritten text.
Performance Arts 6.​ Text Talk Novel - Stories written in the format of
text messages.
1.​ Theater Art - Stage plays, films, and street -​ Example: A phone screen showing a
performances with a narrative. conversation.
-​ Example: Actors performing on a 7.​ Chick Literature - Fiction focusing on modern
dramatic stage. women's lives.
2.​ Dance - Expressive body movements like -​ Example: A chic book cover with a stylish
hip-hop, flash mobs, or rave dancing. woman illustration.
-​ Example: A group performing 8.​ Flash Fiction - Extremely short stories.
synchronized street dance. -​ A title page with minimalist artwork.
9.​ Hyper Poetry - Poems with interactive or digital
Applied Arts features.
-​ Example: Animated text forming poetic
lines.
1.​ Video Art - Artistic use of video and multimedia
10.​ Blog - Online journals with multimedia and
technology.
written content.
-​ Example: A screen showing abstract
-​ Example: A screenshot of a
visuals and animations.
well-designed blog post.
2.​ Photography - Creative still images capturing
moments or concepts. ELEMENTS OF CONTEMPORARY ARTS
-​ Example: A black-and-white portrait of a
subject. Appropriation
3.​ Computer Art - Art created or enhanced using
digital tools. ●​ This relates to the modifications made by the
-​ Example: Digital surrealism, like fantasy artist.
landscapes. ●​ The practice of artists using pre-existing
4.​ Film and Broadcasting Art - Creative objects or images in their art with little
storytelling using motion pictures. transformation of the original.
-​ Example: A cinematic scene with a
director filming.
CPAR
STEM Society Reviewer | 2nd Semester Mid Term

Hybridity aesthetic qualities, in a two-dimensional visual

language.
●​ This refers to the use of different art mediums -​ The elements of this language—its shapes, lines,
that are put together. colors, tones, and textures—are used in various
●​ The process of combining different elements to ways to produce sensations of volume, space,
create something new. movement, and light on a flat surface.

Sculpture
Technology
-​ The sculpture is an art form in which hard or
●​ Its application highlights the creativity of the plastic materials are worked into
artist. three-dimensional art objects.
-​ Filipino sculptors came to be known in the
Performance middle of the 19th century.

●​ Carried out for viewers to experience. Architecture

Space -​ Architecture is the art and practice of

designing and constructing buildings. In relation
●​ Intricate use of space. to that, Philippine architecture was
characterized as simple, rational, and
functional.
CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS FROM THE PHILIPPINE -​ In the 20th century, the 19th century
REGIONS architectural influences continued to shape
1.​ Communal Nature – As it reflects the structures while integrating modern designs.
relationships built around the bonds of
community and society. Film
2.​ Intuitive – As Filipinos are immersed in their
consciousness of themselves, their community, -​ Film is a form of visual art used to imitate
and their culture. experiences that communicate ideas, stories,
3.​ Holistic – As individuals, groups of people, and or feelings with the use of moving images.
events are perceived in their entirety as well as -​ It is also called a movie or motion picture.
the unitive use of art materials and forms.
4.​ Creative Process – As the artist puts more As envisioned in Republic Act No. 7355
emphasis on how their artwork was made than
on the artwork itself. -​ Known as Manlilikha ng Bayan Act, it was
5.​ Integrative – As it encompasses religious, established in 1992 and shall mean a citizen
moral, spiritual, social, and environmental engaged in any traditional art uniquely Filipino,
concerns. whose distinct skills have reached such a high
6.​ Multi-Focal – As it considers everything and level of technical and artistic excellence, and
everyone, the wide perspective of the artwork have passed it on to his or her community with
as well as both artist and viewer. the same degree of technical and artistic
competence.
PHILIPPINE CONTEMPORARY ARTS
National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA)
Can be described into visual arts, literary arts, and
performing arts.
The highest policy and coordinating body for culture
and the arts of the state.
●​ Visual art is an expression of artistic ideas
through images, structures, and tactile work. ●​ It has to search for the finest traditional artists
●​ Some visual artworks are integrated, which of the land who adopt a program that will
means it combines several mediums to create ensure the transfer of their skills to others.
new and unique artwork. ●​ Undertakes measures to promote a genuine
appreciation of crafts.
Painting
●​ Gives pride among our people about the genius
of Manlilikha ng Bayan.
-​ Painting is the expression of ideas and
emotions, with the creation of certain
CPAR
STEM Society Reviewer | 2nd Semester Mid Term

The Gawad Manlilikha ng Bayan (GAMABA) Awardees

As Filipinos who recognize the unique identities of our

fellow Filipinos, it is the right to see their contribution
to the community.

●​ The country is rich with various elements of

tangible and intangible cultural heritage which
have been passed on to the new generation.
●​ Culture, as part of our Philippine identity,
includes a variety of arts that are enhanced by
our National Living Treasure artists, who are
recognized for their special contributions to
the national heritage.

NATIONAL ARTISTS OF THE PHILIPPINES

THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTIST

-​ The Order of the National Artists Award (Orden

ng Gawad Pambansang Alagad ng Sining) is the
highest national recognition given to Filipino
individuals who have made significant
contributions to the development of Philippine
arts.
-​ Administered by the National Commission for
Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and the Cultural
Center of the Philippines (CCP) and conferred by
the President of the Philippines upon
recommendation by both institutions.
-​ One of the Honors conferred by the Republic of
the Philippines that represents the nation’s
highest ideals in the humanities and aesthetic
expression through the recognizable
achievements of individual citizens.
-​ Measured in terms of their vision, unusual
insight, creativity and imagination, technical
CPAR
STEM Society Reviewer | 2nd Semester Mid Term

proficiency of the highest order in expressing LIST OF NATIONAL ARTISTS

Filipino culture and traditions, history, way of
life, and aspirations. FOR ARCHITECTURE
-​ The first award was given to Fernando
Amorsolo on May 15, 1973, under Proclamation
●​ 1973 - Juan Nakpil​
No. 1144. The CCP Board of Trustees was named
as the National Artist Awards Committee. The
Presidential Decree No. 208, issued on June 7, ○​ A pioneer and innovator in Philippine
1973, reiterated the mandate of CCP to architecture.
administer the National Awards as well as the ○​ Believed in Philippine architecture as a
privileges and honors to National Artists. reflection of Philippine tradition and
-​ Filipino artists who have made significant culture.
contributions to the cultural heritage of the ○​ Notable works: Altar of the International
country. Eucharistic Congress, Quiapo Church
dome and second belfry, UP
AIMS OF THE ORDER OF NATIONAL ARTIST Administration and Library,
Reconstructed Rizal House in Calamba,
●​ The Filipino artistic accomplishment at its Laguna.
highest level and to promote creative ●​ 1976 - Pablo S. Antonio​
expression as significant to the development of
a national cultural identity. ○​ Pioneered modern Philippine
●​ The Filipino artists who have dedicated their architecture.
lives to their works to forge new paths and ○​ Used Art Deco techniques, emphasizing
directions for future generations of Filipino simplicity and clean structural design.
artists. ○​ Notable works: Far Eastern University
Administration and Science Buildings,
QUALIFICATIONS FOR NATIONAL ARTIST Manila Polo Club, Ideal Theater, Lyric
Theater, Galaxy Theater, Capitan Luis
1.​ Living artists who are natural-born Filipino Gonzaga Building.
citizens. ●​ 1990 - Leandro V. Locsin​
2.​ The content and form of their work have
procured in building a Filipino sense of ○​ Known for floating volume and simplistic
nationhood. design.
3.​ An artist who has developed a mode of creative ○​ Notable works: Cultural Center of the
expression or style, leaving a legacy for Philippines, Folk Arts Theater, Philippine
succeeding generations of artists. International Convention Center, Istana
4.​ An artist who manifests excellence in the Nurul Iman (Palace of the Sultan of
practice of their art form. Brunei).
5.​ The artwork made has attained international ●​ 2014 - Jose Maria Zaragoza​
and national recognition.
○​ Specialized in modern ecclesiastical
INSIGNIA OF THE ORDER OF THE NATIONAL ARTISTS architecture. (Secular / Spiritual)
○​ Notable works: Meralco Building, Sto.
-​ The insignia of the Order of the National Artists Domingo Church, Metropolitan Cathedral
is formed from a Grand Collar featuring circular of Cebu, Villa San Miguel.
links depicting the arts and an eight-pointed ●​ 2006 - Ildefonso P. Santos Jr.​
sunburst suspended from a sampaguita wreath
in green and white enamel.
○​ Called the “Father of Philippine
-​ The center of the badge is divided into three
Landscape Architecture”.
equal portions, in red, white, and blue,
representing the Philippine Flag, with three ○​ Notable works: Tagaytay Highlands
stylized letter K’s that stand for the CCP’s motto Resort, Mt. Malarayat Golf and Country
“Katotohanan, Kabutihan at Kagandahan” Club, Orchard Golf and Country Club.
(The True, The Good, and The Beautiful).
-​ The Grand Collar is made from silver gilt bronze.
CPAR
STEM Society Reviewer | 2nd Semester Mid Term

FOR DANCE ○​ The first fashion designer to receive

the National Artist of the Philippines for
●​ 1973 - Francisca R. Aquino​ Fashion Design award.
○​ Born August 31, 1912, in Santa Cruz,
○​ Folk Dance Pioneer Manila, to a family from Abra.
○​ Began research on folk dances in the ○​ Known for popularizing the terno, the
1920s, traveling to remote barrios in elegant Filipino women's formal dress.
Central and Northern Luzon.
○​ Her research resulted in a 1926 thesis FOR FILM
titled Philippine Folk Dances and
Games, arranged specifically for use by ●​ 1982 - Gerardo “Gerry” de Leon​
teachers.
○​ Notable works: Philippine National ○​ Film director from the Ilagan clan, grew
Dances (1946), Gymnastics for Girls up in an atmosphere rich in theater.
(1947), Fundamental Dance Steps and ○​ Considered silent movies as valuable
Music (1948), Foreign Folk Dances (1949), training grounds for storytelling.
Dances for All Occasions (1950),
○​ Notable works: Daigdig ng Mga Api, Noli
Playground Demonstration (1951),
Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo, Sisa,
Philippine Folk Dances (Volumes I to VI).
Sawa sa Lumang Simboryo, Dyesebel,
●​ 1976 - Leonor Orosa-Goquingco​ The Gold Bikini, Banaue.
●​ 1997 - Lino Brocka​
○​ Founded the Filipinescas Dance
Company and the Philippine Theatre
○​ Director for film and broadcast arts,
Dance Group.
championed “freedom of expression” in
○​ Notable works: Trend: Return to Native, Philippine cinema. (LGBT)
In a Javanese Garden, Vinta! In a
○​ Notable works: Santiago (1970), Wanted:
Concentration Camp, The Magic Garden.
Perfect Mother (1970), Tubog sa Ginto
●​ 1988 - Lucrecia Reyes-Urtula​ (1971), Stardoom (1971), Tinimbang Ka
Ngunit Kulang (1974).
○​ Filipino choreographer, theater director, ●​ 2001 - Ishmael Bernal​
teacher, author, and researcher on
ethnic dance.
○​ Recognized as a maestro of Philippine
○​ Founding director of the Bayanihan cinema.
Philippine National Folk Dance
○​ Known for films that serve as social
Company.
commentaries and reflections on Filipino
○​ Dedicated her life to translating folk struggles.
dancing into the realm of theater.
○​ Notable works: Pahiram ng Isang Umaga
○​ Notable works: Singkil, Vinta, Tagabili, (1989), Broken Marriage (1983), Himala
Pagdiwata, Salidsid, Idaw, Banga, Aires (1982), City After Dark (1980), Nunal sa
de Verbena. Tubig (1976).
●​ 2006 - Ramon Obusan​ ●​ 2003 - Eddie Romero​

○​ Dancer, choreographer, stage designer, ○​ Screenwriter, film director, and producer.

and artistic director.
○​ Dedicated his life to both the art and
○​ Achieved phenomenal success in commerce of cinema.
Philippine dance and cultural work.
○​ Notable works: Ganito Kami Noon…
○​ Notable works: Vamos a Belén! Series, Paano Kayo Ngayon?, Aguila,
Noon Po sa Amin, Obra Maestra, Water, Kamakalawa, Banta ng Kahapon, Noli Me
Fire and Life, Philippine Dances and Tangere.
Music–A Celebration of Life.
●​ 2009 - Manuel Conde​

FOR FASHION ○​ Film director who preserved Philippine

cultural stories in cinema.
●​ 2006 - Ramon Valera ○​ His movies translated traditional Filipino
stories for modern audiences.
CPAR
STEM Society Reviewer | 2nd Semester Mid Term

○​ Notable works: Siete Infantes de Lara, ●​ 2001 - F. Sionil Jose​

Ibong Adarna, Prinsipe Tenoso, Genghis
Khan (1950), Juan Tamad Goes to ○​ Recognized as one of the foremost
Congress (1959). writers in Philippine literature.
○​ His writings reflect themes of social
FOR LITERATURE injustice, colonialism, and class
struggles.
●​ 2014 - Cirilo F. Bautista​ ○​ Notable works: The Pretenders, Tree, My
Brother My Executioner, Mass, Po-on.
○​ A poet, fictionist, and essayist with
exceptional achievements and FOR MUSIC
significant contributions to Philippine
literature. ●​ 2014 - Ramon Santos​
○​ Acknowledged by peers, critics, and the
nation as the foremost writer of his ○​ Composer, conductor, and musicologist.
generation. ○​ The country’s foremost exponent of
○​ Notable works: Summer Suns (1963), contemporary Filipino music.
Words and Battlefields (1998), The Trilogy ○​ Contributed to the quest for new
of Saint Lazarus (2001), Galaw ng Asoge
directions in music, using non-Western
(2003).
traditions in the Philippines and
●​ 2009 - Lazaro Francisco​ Southeast Asia.
●​ 1999 - Andrea O. Veneracion​
○​ Developed the social realist tradition in
Philippine fiction. ○​ Renowned choirmaster and choral
○​ His eleven novels, now acknowledged as arranger.
classics, reflect his commitment to ○​ Founder of the Philippine Madrigal
nationalism.
Singers.
○​ Notable works: Ama, Bayang
○​ Instrumental in the development of
Nagpatiwakal, Maganda Pa Ang Daigdig,
Philippine choral music.
Daluyong.
●​ 1997 - Levi Celerio​
●​ 2006 - Bienvenido Lumbera​
○​ Prolific lyricist and composer.
○​ A poet who introduced to Tagalog
○​ Known for his effortless translations
literature what is now known as "Bagay
Poetry", a landmark aesthetic movement and lyrical adaptations of traditional
that reshaped vernacular poetic Filipino melodies.
tradition. ○​ Notable works: O Maliwanag Na Buwan
○​ Notable works: Likhang Dila, Likhang (Iloko), Ako ay May Singsing (Pampango),
Diwa (1993), Balaybay: Mga Tulang Lunot Alibangbang (Visayan folk song).
at Manibalang (2002), Sa Sariling Bayan: ●​ 1991 - Lucio D. San Pedro​
Apat na Dulang May Musika (2004),
Agunyas sa Hacienda Luisita (2004), ○​ A composer, conductor, and teacher
Pakikiramay (2004). whose music evokes Filipino folk
●​ 2003 - Virgilio S. Almario​ heritage.
○​ Notable works: Sa Ugoy ng Duyan,
○​ Also known as Rio Alma, a poet, literary Malakas at Maganda Overture, Rizal’s
historian, and critic. Valedictory Poem, Triumphal March,
○​ Revived and reinvented traditional Lahing Kayumanggi.
Filipino poetic forms while championing ●​ 1989 - Lucrecia R. Kasilag​
modernist poetics.
○​ Notable works: Makinasyon and ○​ Educator, composer, performer, and
Peregrinasyon, the landmark trilogy cultural leader.
Doktrinang Anakpawis, Mga Retrato at ○​ Known for pioneering efforts in
Rekwerdo, Muli sa Kandungan ng Lupa. discovering Filipino roots through ethnic
music and fusing them with Western
influences.
CPAR
STEM Society Reviewer | 2nd Semester Mid Term

○​ Notable works: Toccata for Percussions ○​ Acknowledged as the “Dean of Filipino

and Winds, Misang Pilipino, Love Songs, Illustrators”.
Legend of the Sarimanok, Ang Pamana. ○​ Son of noted Tagalog novelist and
comics illustrator Gregorio Coching.
FOR THEATER ○​ Master storyteller, blending
imagination, a love of storytelling, and
●​ 2001 - Severino Montano​ fine draftsmanship.
○​ Notable works: Lapu-Lapu, Sagisag ng
○​ Playwright, director, actor, and theater Lahing Pilipino, Haring Ulopong, Pusakal,
organizer. Talipandas, Gigolo, Maldita.
○​ Forerunner in institutionalizing ●​ 1976 - Napoleon V. Abueva​
“legitimate theater” in the Philippines.
○​ Took courses and graduate degrees ○​ A native of Bohol, youngest recipient of
abroad to refine his expertise, which he the National Artist Award.
later shared with his countrymen. ○​ Considered the Father of Modern
●​ 1999 - Daisy Avellana​ Philippine Sculpture.
○​ Utilized a wide variety of materials
○​ Actor, director, and writer. including hardwood, adobe, metal, and
○​ Elevated legitimate theater and dramatic cement.
arts to a new level of excellence. ○​ Notable works: Kaganapan, Kiss of
○​ Staged and performed in breakthrough Judas, The Transfiguration, Eternal
productions of classic Filipino and Garden Memorial Park, UP Gateway, Nine
foreign plays. Muses, Sunburst at Peninsula Manila
○​ Encouraged the establishment of Hotel.
performing groups and professionalized ●​ 1973 - Guillermo E. Tolentino​
Filipino theater.
●​ 1997 - Rolando S. Tinio​ ○​ Created the UP Oblation, symbolizing
academic freedom.
○​ Playwright, thespian, poet, teacher, ○​ Designed the Bonifacio Monument in
critic, and translator. Caloocan, an enduring symbol of Filipino
○​ Marked his career with prolific artistic resistance and heroism.
productions. ○​ Notable works: President Quezon
○​ Chief distinction as a stage director, Memorial, Ramon Magsaysay bust,
known for his original insights into Republic of the Philippines seal.
scripts, creating productions notable for ●​ 1973 - Carlos "Botong" V. Francisco​
their visual impact and intellectual
depth. ○​ Single-handedly revived the forgotten
●​ 1987 - Honorata "Atang" de la Rama​ art of mural painting.
○​ His murals captured the legendary
○​ Formally honored as the Queen of courage of Filipino ancestors.
Kundiman in 1979 at 74 years old, singing ○​ Notable works: First Mass at Limasawa,
the same song (Nabasag na Banga) she The Martyrdom of Rizal, Bayanihan,
first performed as a 15-year-old girl in Sandugo, Magpupukot.
the sarsuela Dalagang Bukid. ●​ 1972 - Fernando C. Amorsolo​
○​ As early as age seven, she performed in
Spanish zarzuelas such as Mascota, ○​ Officially honored as the Grand Old Man
Sueño de un Vals, and Marina. of Philippine Art in 1969.
○​ Notable works: Anak ni Eba, Aking Ina, ○​ Known for his distinctive backlighting
and Puri at Buhay. technique, making figures appear
glowing.
FOR VISUAL ARTS ○​ Notable works: Maiden in a Stream,
Dalagang Bukid, The Mestiza, Planting
●​ 2014 - Francisco Coching​ Rice, Sunday Morning Going to Town.