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Geology Topics

The document outlines key geological concepts relevant to civil engineering, including earth structure, mineralogy, petrology, and structural geology. It covers the importance of geological processes, rock classification, and the physical properties of rocks, as well as methods for geological and geophysical investigations in construction. Additionally, it emphasizes the significance of groundwater and the engineering implications of geological formations.

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vivianranches401
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31 views1 page

Geology Topics

The document outlines key geological concepts relevant to civil engineering, including earth structure, mineralogy, petrology, and structural geology. It covers the importance of geological processes, rock classification, and the physical properties of rocks, as well as methods for geological and geophysical investigations in construction. Additionally, it emphasizes the significance of groundwater and the engineering implications of geological formations.

Uploaded by

vivianranches401
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

I GENERAL GEOLOGY

Geology in Civil Engineering - Branches of geology - Earth Structure and


Composition - Elementary knowledge on continental drift and plate tectonics.
Earth processes - Weathering - Work of rivers, wind and sea and their engineering
importance – origin, occurrence of earthquake- Mode of occurrence - prospecting –
Ground water - Importance in civil engineering
II MINERALOGY
Elementary knowledge on symmetry elements of crystallographic systems - physical
properties of minerals - study of the following rock forming minerals - Quartz
family. Feldspar family, Augite, Hornblende, Biotite, Muscovite, Calcite, Garnet
- properties, process of formation of all minerals - Coal and Petroleum - Their
origin and occurence in India.
III PETROLOGY
Classification of rocks - Distinction between Igneous, Sedimentary and
Metamorphic rocks. Description – occurrence, properties and distribution of
following rocks. Igneous rocks - Granite, Syenite, Diorite, Gabbro, Pegmatite,
Dolerite and Basalt. Sedimentary rocks - sandstone, Limestone, Shale,
Conglomerate and breccia. Metamorphic rocks - Quartzite, Marble, Slate, Gniess
and Schist.
IV STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY AND ROCK MECHANICS
Attitude of beds - Outcrops - Geological maps - study of structures - Folds,
Faults and Joints - Their bearing on Engineering Construction - Rock mechanics -
physical properties and mechanical properties of rocks – porosity – permeability
- density – strength – hardness – elasticity – plasticity - dynamic property of
rocks - types of wave theory – factors influencing wave velocity - static and
dynamics moduli of elasticity – grouting.
V GEOLOGICAL AND GEOPHYSICAL INVESTIGATION IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
Site investigations - Geological methods - Exploration techniques - geophysical
methods – Seismic and electrical methods – direct penetration – core boring –
logging of cores – geological condition necessary for construction of dams –
tunnels – building – Road cutting

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