PM SHRI SCHOOL JNV SRIBHUMI

CLASS X SCIENCE (086) Total Marks : 611

ELECTRICITY

* Answer short answer questions. [3 Mark each] [309]

1. Two resistors, with resistances 5 Ω and 10 Ω respectively are to be

connected to a battery of emf 6 V so as to obtain:
(i) Minimum current flowing. (ii) Maximum current flowing.
a. How will you connect the resistances in each case?
b. Calculate the strength of the total current in the circuit in the
two cases.
2. If the charge on an electron is 1.6 × 10 coulombs, how many
electrons should pass through a conductor in 1 second to constitute 1
ampere current?
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3. In a household electric circuit, different appliances are connected in
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parallel to one another. Give two reasons. An electrician puts a fuse
of rating 5A in that part of domestic electrical
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circuit in which an electrical heater of rating 1.5kW, 220V is

operating. What is likely to happen in this case and why? What
change, if any, needs to be made?
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4. You have four resistors of 8Ω. each. Show how would you connect
these resistors to have effective resistance of 8Ω.
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5. Aluminium wire has radius 0.25mm and length or 75m. If the

resistance of the wire is 10Ω calculate the resistivity of aluminium.
6. How will you connect three resistors of resistances 2Ω, 3Ω and
6Ω obtain a total n si stance of:
1. 4Ω,

2. 1Ω

7. Calculate the power used in the 2Ω resistor in each of the following

circuits:
i. A 6V battery in series with 1Ω and 2Ω resistors.
ii. A 4V battery in parallel with 12Ω and 2Ω resistors.
8. Two lamps, one rated 60 W at 220 V and the other 40 W at 220 V,
are connected in parallel to the electric supply at 220 V.

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 a. Draw a circuit diagram to show the connections.
b. Calculate the current drawn from the electric supply.
c. Calculate the total energy consumed by the two lamps
together when they operate for one hour.
9. The electrical resistivities of four materials A, B, C and D are given
below:
−8
A − 110 × 10 Ω m

10
B − 1.0 × 10 Ω m

−8
C − 10.0 × 10 Ω m

3
D − 2.3 × 10 Ω m

Which material is:

a. Good conductor.
b. Resistor.
c.
d.
Insulator, and
Semiconductor SH
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10. a. Write the mathematical expression for Joule's law of heating.
b. Compute the heat generated while transferring 96000
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coulomb of charge in two hours through a potential difference

of 40V.
11. A resistor of 8 ohms is connected in parallel with another resistor X.
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The resultant resistance of the combination is 4.8 ohms. What is the

value of the resistor X?
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12. Calculate the area of cross-section of a wire if its length is 1.0m, its
resistance is 23Ω and the resistivity of the material of the wire is
1.84 × 10Ω m.

13. What will be the resistance of a metal wire of length 2 metres and
area of cross-section 1.55 × 10m , if the resistivity of the metal be
2.8 × 10 m?
14. If the length of a wire is halved and its cross-sectional area is
doubled, then what would be the resistance of the wire? (Given,
initially the resistance of the wire is R)
15. A V-1 graph for a nichrome wire is given below. What do you infer
from this graph? Draw a labelled circuit diagram to obtain such a
graph.

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16. In the circuit shown below, the voltmeter reads 10V.

a. What is the combined resistance?

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b. What current flows?
c. What is the p.d. across 2Ω resistor?
d. What is the p.d. across resistor?
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3Ω

17. An electric bulb is rated as 10W, 220V. How many of these bulbs can
be connected in parallel across the two wires of 220V supply line if
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the maximum current which can be drawn is 5A?

18. In which of the following cases more electrical energy is consumed
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per hour?
i. A current of 1 ampere passed through a resistance of 300
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ohms.
ii. A current of 2 amperes passed through a resistance of 100
ohms.
19. The near point of the eye of a person is 50cm. Find the nature and
power of the corrective lens required by the person to enable him to
see clearly the objects placed at 25cm. from the eye.
20. For the circuit shown in the diagram below:

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 What is the value of : Current through 6Ω

resistor? Potential difference across 12Ω resistor?

21. i. Write Joule’s law of heating.
ii. Two lamps, one rated 100W; 220V, and the other 60W; 220V,
are connected in parallel to electric mains supply. Find the
current drawn by two bulbs from the line, if the supply voltage
is 220V.
22. Define resistance. Write the SI unit of resistance and define it. Match
the correct range of resistivity with the materials given.
a.
b.
Conductors (i) 10-6Nm
Alloys (ii) 1012 to 10
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17
Ω
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c. Insulators (iii) 10-6 to 10-8 m
23. A wire of given material having length l and area of cross-section A,
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has a resistance of 2Ω . Find the resistance of another wire of same

material having length 2l and are of cross-section
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2
.
24. The electrical resistivities of five substances A, B, C, D and E are
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given below:
−8
B 110 × 10 Ω m

−8
C 2.60 × 10 Ω m

−8
D 10.0 × 10 Ω m

−8
E 1.70 × 10 Ω m

25. Bulb is rated at 200V, 100W. Calculate its resistance. Five such bulbs
are lighted for 4 hours daily. Calculate the units of electrical energy
consumed per day. What would be the cost of
using these bulbs per day at the rate of Rs. 4.00 per unit?
26. A piece of wire of resistance 20Ω is drawn out so that its length is
increased to twice its original length. Calculate the resistance of the
wire in the new situation.

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27. What will be the length of a nichrome wire resistance 5.0Ω if the
length of similar wire of 120cm has resistance of 2.5Ω ? Why?
28. Draw a circuit diagram of an electric circuit containing a cell, a key,
an ammeter, a resistor of 2Ω in series with a combination of two
resistors (4Ω each) in parallel and a voltmeter across the parallel
combination. Will the potential difference across the 2Ω resistor be
the same as that across the parallel combination of 4Ω resistors?
Give reason.
29. Calculate the cost of operating a heater of 500W for 20hours at the
rate of? ₹3.90 per unit.
30. You are given one hundred 1Ω resister. What is the smallest and
largest resistance you can make in a circuit using these?
31. Calculate the resistance of an aluminium cable of length 10km and

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diameter 2.0mm if the resistivity of aluminium is 2.7 × 10Ω m.

32. Show how you would connect two 4 ohm resistors to produce a
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combined resistance of:
a. 2 ohms.
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b. 8 ohms.
33. Calculate the work done in moving a charge of 4 coulombs from a
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point at 220 volts to another point at 230 volts.

34. A p.d. of 6V is applied to two resistors of 3Ω and 6Ω connected in
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parallel. Calculate:
The combined resistance. The current flowing in the main circuit. The
current flowing in the 3Ω resistor.
35. How much energy is consumed when a current of 5 amperes flows
through the filament (or element) of a heater having resistance of
100 ohms for two hours? Express it in joules.
36. A resistance of 40 ohms and one of 60 ohms are arranged in series
across 220 volt supply. Find the heat in joules produced by this
combination of resistances in half a minute.
37. Two resistances when connected in parallel give resultant value of 2
ohm; when connected in series the value becomes 9 ohm. Calculate
the value of each resistance.

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38. A wire is 1.0m long, 0.2mm in diameter and has a resistance of 10Ω.

Calculate the resistivity of its material?

39. Several electric bulbs designed to be used on a 220 V electric supply
line, are rated 10 W. How many lamps can be connected in parallel
with each other across the two wires of 220 V line if the maximum
allowable current is 5 A?
40. A current of 1 ampere flows in a series circuit containing an electric
lamp and a conductor of 5Ω when connected to a 10V battery.
Calculate the resistance of the electric lamp.
Now if a resistance of 10Ω is connected in parallel with this series
combination, what change (if any) in current flowing through 5Ω
conductor and potential difference across the lamp will take place?
Give reason.

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41. When a current of 4.0A passes through a certain resistor for 10
minutes, 2.88 × 10J of heat are produced. Calculate:
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a. The power of the resistor.
b. The voltage across the resistor.
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42. A 4Ω coil and a 2Ω coil are connected in parallel. What is their

combined resistance? A total current of 3A passes through the coils.
What current passes through the coil?
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2Ω

43. Calculate the resistance of a copper wire 1.0km long and 0.50mm
diameter if the resistivity of copper is
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1.7 × 10Ω m.

44. The electrical resistivities of four materials P, Q, R and S are given

below:
−8
P 6.84 × 10 Ωm

−8
Q 1.70 × 10 Ωm

15
R 1.0 × 10 Ωm

−7
S 11.0 × 10 Ωm

Which material will you use for making:

a. Heating element of electric iron.
b. Connecting wires of electric iron.
c. Covering of connecting wires?
Give reason for your choice in each case.

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45. Consider the circuit given below where A, B and C are three identical
light bulbs of constant resistance.

a. List the bulbs in order of increasing brightness.

b. If C burns out, what will be the brightness of A now compared
with before?
c. If B burns out instead, what will be the brightness of A and C
compared with before?
46. An electric iron is connected to the mains power supply of 220V.
When the electric iron is adjusted at ‘minimum heating’ it consumes
a power of 360W but at ‘maximum heating’ it takes a power of

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840W. Calculate the current and resistance in each case.
47. In an experiment to study the relation between the potential
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difference across a resistor and the current through it, a student
recorded the following observations:
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Potential Difference V(volts) Current I(amperes)

1.0 0.1
2.2 0.2
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3.0 0.6
4.0 0.4
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6.4 0.6
On examine the above observations, the teacher asked the student
to reject one set of readings as the values were out of agreement
with the rest. Which one of the above sets of
readings can be rejected? Calculate the mean value of resistance of
the resistor based on the remaining four sets of readings.
48. Power of a lamp is 60 W. Find the energy in joules consumed by it in
1s.
49. An electric lamp of 100 Ω, a toaster of resistance 50 Ω, and a water
filter of resistance 500 Ω are connected in parallel to a 220 V source.
What is the resistance of an electric iron connected to the same

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 source that takes as much current as all three appliances, and what
is the current through it?
50. A resistor has a resistance of 176 ohms. How many of these resistors
should be connected in parallel so that their combination draws a
current of 5 amperes from a 220 volt supply line?
51. a. State the relation correlating the electric current flowing in a
conductor and the voltage applied across it. Also draw a graph
to show this relationship.
b. Find the resistance of a conductor if the electric current
flowing through it is 0.35A when the potential difference
across it is 1.4V.
52. What is (a) the highest, (b) the lowest total resistance that can be
secured by combinations of four coils of resistance 4Ω, 8Ω, 12Ω,
24Ω?
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53. In 10s, a charge of 25C leaves a battery, and 200j of energy are
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delivered to an outside circuit as a result.
a. What is the p.d. across the battery?
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b. What current flows from the battery?

54. The electrical resistivities of three materials P, Q and R are given
below:
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3
P 2.3 × 10 Ω m
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−8
Q 2.63 × 10 Ω m

15
R 1.0 × 10 Ω m

Which material will you use for making:

a. Electric wires.
b. Handle for soldering iron, and
c. Solar cells?
Give reasons for your choices.
55. Show how would you join three resistors, each of resistance 9Ω so
that the equivalent resistance of the combination is:
i. 13.5Ω

ii. 6Ω

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56. Electrical resistivities of some substances, in ohmere, at 20°C are
given as follows:
Silver 1.60 x 10-8
Copper 1.62 x 10-8
Tungsten 5.2 x 10-8
Mercury 94 x 10-8
Iron 10 x 10-8
Nichrome 10 x 10-6
a. Out of the two silver and copper, which one is better
conductor of electric current and why?
b. Which substance is preferred to be used for electrical
transmission lines? Give reason.
c.
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Name the material that you would advice to use in the heater
element of electric heating device and why?
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57. A hot plate of an electric oven connected to a 220 V line has two
resistance coils A and B, each of 24 Ω resistance, which may be used
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separately, in series, or in parallel. What are the currents in the three

cases?
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58. Ten bulbs are connected in a series circuit to a power supply line. Ten
identical bulbs are connected in a Parallel circuit to an identical
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power supply line.

a. Which circuit would have the highest voltage across each
bulb?
b. In which circuit would the bulbs be brighter?
c. In which circuit, if one bulb blows out, all others will stop
glowing
d. Which circuit would have less current in it?
59. If a potential difference of 10V causes a current of 2A to flow for 1
minute, how much energy is transferred?
60. An electric heater is connected to the 230V mains supply. A current
of 8A flows through the heater.
a. How much charge flows around the circuit each second?
b. How much energy is transferred to the heater each second?

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61. What is, highest, and lowest, resistance which can be obtained by
combining Com resistors having the following resistances?
4Ω, 8Ω, 12Ω, 24Ω

62. A p.d. of 10V is needed to make a current of 0.02A flow through a

wire. What p.d. is needed to make a current of 250mA flow through
the same wire?
63. What would be the effect on the resistance of a metal wire of:
a. Increasing its length?
b. Increasing its diameter?
c. Increasing its temperature?
64. The resistors R1 , R2 , R3 and R4 in the figure given below are all
equal in value.

SH
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What would you expect the voltmeters A, B and C to read assuming
that the connecting wires in the circuit have negligible resistance?
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65. You are given three resistors each of 3Ω and you are asked to get all
possible values of resistance when you connect them in different
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combinations. How many values of resistance can you get?

66. a. Define the term ‘volt’.
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b. State the relation between work, charge and potential

difference for an electric circuit.
Calculate the potential difference between the two terminals of
a battery if 100 joules of work is required to transfer 20
coulombs of charge from one terminal of the battery to the
other.
67. Which uses more energy: a 250W TV set in 1 hour or a 1200W to
aster in 10 minutes?
68. A current of 1 ampere flows in a series circuit containing an electric
lamp and a conductor of 5Ω when connected to a 10V battery.
Calculate the resistance of the electric lamp.

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 Now if a resistance of 10Ω is connected in parallel with this series
combination, what change (if any) in current flowing through 5Ω
conductor and potential difference across the lamp will take place?
Give reason.
69. Draw a circuit diagram of an electric circuit containing a cell, a key,
an ammeter, a resistor of 2Ω in series with a combination of two
resistors (4Ω each) in parallel and a voltmeter across the parallel
combination. Will the potential difference across the 2Ω resistor be
the same as that across the parallel combination of 4Ω resistors?
Give reason.
70. A resistor has a resistance of 176 ohms. How many of these resistors
should be connected in parallel so that their combination draws a
current of 5 amperes from a 220 volt supply line?

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71. In 10s, a charge of 25C leaves a battery, and 200j of energy are
delivered to an outside circuit as a result.
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a. What is the p.d. across the battery?
b. What current flows from the battery?
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72. The electrical resistivities of three materials P, Q and R are given

below:
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3
P 2.3 × 10 Ω m

−8
Q 2.63 × 10 Ω m

15
ST

R 1.0 × 10 Ω m

Which material will you use for making:

a. Electric wires.
b. Handle for soldering iron, and
c. Solar cells?
Give reasons for your choices.
73. What is, highest, and lowest, resistance which can be obtained by
combining Com resistors having the following resistances?
4Ω, 8Ω, 12Ω, 24Ω

74. In the circuit diagram given below, the current flowing across 5 ohm
resistor is 1 amp. Find the current flowing through the other two
resistors.

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75. A p.d. of 10V is needed to make a current of 0.02A flow through a
wire. What p.d. is needed to make a current of 250mA flow through
the same wire?
76. The resistors R1 , R2 , R3 and R4 in the figure given below are all
equal in value.

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What would you expect the voltmeters A, B and C to read assuming
that the connecting wires in the circuit have negligible resistance?
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77. Which uses more energy: a 250W TV set in 1 hour or a 1200W to
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aster in 10 minutes?
78. What possible values of resultant resistance one can get by
combining two resistances, one of value 2 ohm and the other 6 ohm?
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79. How will you connect three resistors of resistances 2Ω, 3Ω and
6Ω obtain a total n si stance of:
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1. 4Ω,

2. 1Ω

80. Calculate the power used in the 2Ω resistor in each of the following
circuits:
i. A 6V battery in series with 1Ω and 2Ω resistors.
ii. A 4V battery in parallel with 12Ω and 2Ω resistors.
81. The electrical resistivities of four materials A, B, C and D are given
below:
−8 10 −8
A − 110 × 10 Ω m B − 1.0 × 10 Ω m C − 10.0 × 10 Ω m

D − 2.3 × 10 Ω m
3
Which material is:
a. Good conductor.
b. Resistor.

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 c. Insulator, and
d. Semiconductor
82. A resistor of 8 ohms is connected in parallel with another resistor X.
The resultant resistance of the combination is 4.8 ohms. What is the
value of the resistor X?
83. Calculate the area of cross-section of a wire if its length is 1.0m, its
resistance is 23Ω and the resistivity of the material of the wire is
1.84 × 10Ω m.

84. What will be the resistance of a metal wire of length 2 metres and
area of cross-section 1.55 × 10m , if the resistivity of the metal be
2.8 × 10 m?
85. In the circuit shown below, the voltmeter reads 10V.

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a. What is the combined resistance?

b. What current flows?
c. What is the p.d. across 2Ω resistor?
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d. What is the p.d. across 3Ω resistor?

86. An electric bulb is rated as 10W, 220V. How many of these bulbs can
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be connected in parallel across the two wires of 220V supply line if

the maximum current which can be drawn is 5A?
87. In which of the following cases more electrical energy is consumed
per hour?
i. A current of 1 ampere passed through a resistance of 300
ohms.
ii. A current of 2 amperes passed through a resistance of 100
ohms.
88. For the circuit shown in the diagram below:

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 What is the value of : Current through 6Ω

resistor? Potential difference across 12Ω resistor?

89. The electrical resistivities of five substances A, B, C, D and E are
given below:
−8
B 110 × 10 Ω m

−8
C 2.60 × 10 Ω m

−8
D 10.0 × 10 Ω m

−8
E 1.70 × 10 Ω m

90. Calculate the cost of operating a heater of 500W for 20hours at the
rate of? ₹3.90 per unit.
91. You are given one hundred
SH resister. What is the smallest and
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1Ω

largest resistance you can make in a circuit using these?

92. Calculate the resistance of an aluminium cable of length 10km and
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diameter 2.0mm if the resistivity of aluminium is 2.7 × 10Ω m.

93. Show how you would connect two 4 ohm resistors to produce a
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combined resistance of:

a. 2 ohms.
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b. 8 ohms.
94. Calculate the work done in moving a charge of 4 coulombs from a
point at 220 volts to another point at 230 volts.
95. A p.d. of 6V is applied to two resistors of 3Ω and 6Ω connected in
parallel. Calculate:
The combined resistance. The current flowing in the main circuit. The
current flowing in the 3Ω resistor.
96. How much energy is consumed when a current of 5 amperes flows
through the filament (or element) of a heater having resistance of
100 ohms for two hours? Express it in joules.
97. A resistance of 40 ohms and one of 60 ohms are arranged in series
across 220 volt supply. Find the heat in joules produced by this

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 combination of resistances in half a minute.
98. Two resistances when connected in parallel give resultant value of 2
ohm; when connected in series the value becomes 9 ohm. Calculate
the value of each resistance.
99. When a current of 4.0A passes through a certain resistor for 10
minutes, 2.88 × 10J of heat are produced. Calculate:
a. The power of the resistor.
b. The voltage across the resistor.
100. Calculate the resistance of a copper wire 1.0km long and 0.50mm
diameter if the resistivity of copper is 1.7 × 10Ω m.

101. The electrical resistivities of four materials P, Q, R and S are given

below:

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−8
P 6.84 × 10 Ωm

−8
Q 1.70 × 10 Ωm

15
Which material will you use for making:
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R 1.0 × 10 Ωm

−7
S 11.0 × 10 Ωm

a.
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Heating element of electric iron.

b. Connecting wires of electric iron.
c. Covering of connecting wires?
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Give reason for your choice in each case.

102. Consider the circuit given below where A, B and C are three identical
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light bulbs of constant resistance.

a. List the bulbs in order of increasing brightness.

b. If C burns out, what will be the brightness of A now compared
with before?
c. If B burns out instead, what will be the brightness of A and C
compared with before?
103. A 4Ω coil and a 2Ω coil are connected in parallel. What is their
combined resistance? A total current of 3A passes through the coils.
What current passes through the 2Ω coil?

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 * Long answer questions [5 Mark each] [250]

104. When a 12 V battery is connected across an unknown resistor, there

is a current of 2.5 mA in the circuit. Find the value of the resistance
of the resistor.
105. Three resistors are connected as shown in the diagram.

Through the resistor 5 ohm, a current of 1

ampere is flowing,
i. What is the current through the other two resistors?
ii. What is the p.d. across AB and across AC?
iii. What is the total resistance?
106. An electric heater which is connected to a 220V supply line has two
resistance coils A and B of
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24Ω resistance each. These coils can be
used separately (one at a time), in series or in parallel. Calculate the
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current drawn when:
a. Only one coil A is used.
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b. Coils A and B are used in series.

c. Coils A and B are used in parallel.
107. When a high resistance voltmeter is connected directly across a
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resister its reading is 2V. An electric cell is sending the current of 0.4
A, (measured by an ammeter) in the electric circuit
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in which a rheostat is also connected to vary the current.

a. Draw an equivalent labelled circuit for the given data.
b. Find the resistance of the resister.
c. Name and state the law applicable in the given case. A graph
is drawn between a set of values of potential difference (v)
across the resister and current (I) flowing through it.
Show nature of graph thus obtained.
108. How can three resistors of resistances 2 Ω, 3 Ω, and 6 Ω be
connected to give a total resistance of (a) 4 Ω, (b) 1 Ω?
109. Derive the expression for the heat produced due to a current 'l'
flowing for a time interval 't' through a resistor 'R' having a potential
difference 'V' across its ends. With which name is the

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 relation known? How much heat will an instrument of 12W produce
in one minute if it is connected to a battery of 12V? Study the
following electric circuit and find.
1. The current flowing in the circuit and
2. The potential difference across 10Ω resistor.

110. Calculate the combined resistance in each case:

111. a.
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Name an instrument that measures electric current in a
circuit. Define the unit of electric current.
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b. What do the following symbols mean in circuit diagrams?
i.
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ii.
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c. An electric circuit consisting of a 0.5 m long nichrome wire XY,

an ammeter, a voltmeter, four cells of 1.5 V each and a plug
key was set up.
i. Draw a diagram of this electric circuit to study the
relation between the potential difference maintained
between the points ‘X’ and ‘Y’ and the electric current
flowing through XY.
ii. Following graph was plotted between V and I values:

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 What would be the values V

I
of ratios when the potential
difference is 0.8 V, 1.2 V and 1.6 V respectively? What
conclusion do you draw from these values?
112. An electric bulb of resistance 20Ω and a resistance wire of 4Ω are
connected in series with a 6V battery. Draw the circuit diagram and
calculate:
a.
b. SH
Total resistance of the circuit.
Current through the circuit.
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c. Potential difference across the electric bulb.
d. Potential difference across the resistance wire.
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113. For a heater rated at 4kW and 220V, calculate:

a. The current,
b. The resistance of the heater,
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c. The energy consumed in 2 hours, and

d. The cost if 1kWh is priced at ₹60.
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114. Show with the help of diagrams, how you would connect three
resistors each of resistance 6Ω, so that the combination has
resistance of
i. 9Ω

ii. 4Ω.

115. A 2kW heater, a 200W TV and three 100W lamps are all switched on
from 6m. to 10p.m. What is the total cost at Rs.5.50per kWh?
116. A copper wire has diameter 0.5 mm and resistivity of 1.6 × 10–8 Ω
m. What will be the length of this wire to make its resistance 10 Ω?
How much does the resistance change if the diameter is doubled?
117. a. What is meant by saying that the potential difference between
two points is 1 volt? Name a device that helps to measure the

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 potential difference across a conductor.
b. Why does the connecting cord of an electric heater not glow
hot while the heating element does?
c. Electrical resistivities of some substances at 20 C
0
are given
below:
Silver 1.60 × 10
−8
Ω m

Copper 1.62 × 10
−8
Ω m

Tungsten 5.20 × 10
−8
Ω m

Iron 10.0 × 10
−8
Ω m

Mercury 94.0 × 10
−8
Ω m

Nichrome 100 × 10
−6
Ω m

Answer the following questions in relation to them:

i. Among silver and copper, which one is a better conductor?

ii.
Why?
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Which material would you advise to be used in electrical
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heating devices? Why?
118. An electric circuit consisting of a 0.5m long nichrome wire XY, an
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ammeter, a voltmeter, four cells of 1.5V each and a plug key was set
up.
i. Draw a diagram of this electric circuit to study the relation
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between the potential difference maintained between the

points ‘X’ and ‘Y’ and the electric current flowing through XY.
ST

ii. Following graph was plotted between V and I values:

What would be the values of ratios when the potential difference
is 0.8V, 1.2V and 1.6V respectively? What conclusion do you
draw from these values?
iii. What is the resistance of the wire?
119. In the circuit given below:

a. What is the combined resistance?

b. What is the p.d. across the combined resistance?
c. What is the p.d. across the 3Ω resistor?
d. What is the current in the 3Ω resistor?
e. What is the current in the 6Ω resistor?
120. Two resistors, with resistances 5Ω and 10Ω respectively are to be
connected to a battery of emf 6V so as to obtain:
i. Minimum current flowing.
ii. Maximum current flowing.
a. How will you connect the resistances in each case?
b. Calculate the strength of the total current in the circuit in
the two cases.
121. Three incandescent bulbs of 100W each are connected in series in an
electric circuit. In another circuit another set of three bulbs of the
same wattage are connected in parallel to the same source.
a. Will the bulb in the two circuits glow with the same
brightness? Justify your answer.
b. Now let one bulb in both the circuits get fused. Will the rest of

122. An electric lamp of resistance SH

the bulbs continue to glow in each circuit? Give reason.
20Ω and a conductor of resistance
YA
4Ω are connected to a 6V battery as shown in the circuit. Calculate:
SIR
AR

a. The total resistance of the circuit,

b. The current through the circuit,
ST

c. The potential difference across the (i) electric lamp and (ii)
conductor, and
d. Power of the lamp.
123. Two lamps, one rated 40W at 220V and the other 60W at 220V, are
connected in parallel to the electric supply at 220V.
a. 10 Draw a circuit diagram to show the connections.
b. Calculate the current drawn from the electric supply.
c. Calculate the total energy consumed by the two lamps
together when they operate for one hour.
124. In a house two 60W electric bulbs are lighted for 4 hours, and three
100W bulbs for 5 hours everyday. Calculate the electric energy
consumed in 30 days.
125. A p.d. of 4V is applied to two resistors of 6Ω and 2Ω connected in
series. Calculate:
a. The combined resistance.
b. The current flowing.
c. The p.d. across the 6Ω resistor.
126. You are given three resistances of 1,2 and 3 ohms. Show by
diagrams, how with the help of these resistances you can get:
1. 6Ω

2. 6

11
Ω

3. 1.5Ω

127. In the circuit diagram given below, three resistors R R , and R of

5Ω, 10Ω and 30Ω, respectively are connected as shown.

SH
YA
SIR

Calculate:
a. Current through each resistor.
AR

b. Total current in the circuit.

c. Total resistance in the circuit.
ST

128. The p.d. across a lamp is 12V. How many joules of electrical energy
are changed into heat and light when:
a. A charge of 1C passes through it?
b. A charge of 5C passes through it?
c. A current of 2A flows through it for 10s?
129. What is a solenoid? Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines of:
i. A current carrying solenoid.
ii. A bar magnet. List two distinguishing features between the
two fields.
130. B1, B2 and B3 are three identical bulbs connected as shown in Figure.
When all the three bulbs glow, a current of 3A is recorded by the
ammeter A.
 i. What happens to the glow of the other two bulbs when the
bulb B1 gets fused?
ii. What happens to the reading of A1, A2, A3 and A when the
bulb B2 gets fused?
iii. How much power is dissipated in the circuit when all the three
bulbs glow together?
131. With the help of a circuit diagram, deduce the equivalent resistance
of two resistances connected in series.

i.
SH
Two resistances are connected in series as shown in the diagram:

What is the current through the 5 ohm resistance?

YA
ii. What is the current through R?
iii. What is the value of R?
SIR

iv. What is the value of V?

132. Three 2Ω resistors, A, B and C, are connected as shown in Figure.
AR

Each of them dissipates energy and can withstand a maximum

power of 18W without melting. Find the maximum current that can
ST

flow through the three resistors?

133. Redraw the circuit of Question 1, putting in an ammeter to measure

the current through the resistors and a voltmeter to measure the
potential difference across the 12 Ω resistor. What would be the
readings in the ammeter and the voltmeter?
134. Derive the expression for the heat produced due to a current ‘I’
flowing for a time interval ‘t’ through a resistor ‘R’ having a potential
difference ‘V’ across its ends. With which name is the relation
known? How much heat will an instrument of 12W produce in one
minute if it is connected to a battery of 12V?
135. a. With the help of a suitable circuit diagram prove that the
reciprocal of the equivalent resistance of a group of
resistances joined in parallel is equal to the sum of the
reciprocals of the individual resistances.
b. In an electric circuit, two resistors of 12Ω each are joined in
parallel to a 6V battery. Find the current drawn from the
battery.
136. Explain with the help of a labelled circuit diagram how you will find
the resistance of a combination of three resistors, of resistance R1,
R2 and R3, joined in parallel. Also mention how you will connect the
ammeter and the voltmeter in the circuit when measuring the
current in the circuit and the potential difference across one of the
three resistors of the combination.
137. In the circuit diagram
10Ω, 40Ω, 30Ω, 20Ω and 60Ω
SH given below five resistances
are connected as shown to a 12V battery.
of
YA
SIR
AR

Calculate:
a. Total resistance in the circuit.
ST

b. Total current flowing in the circuit.

138. The circuit diagram given below shows the combination of three
resistors R1 R2 and R3:

Find:
i. Total resistance of the circuit.
ii. Total current flowing in the circuit.
 iii. The potential difference across R.
139. A 5V battery is connected to two 20Ω resistors which are joined
together in series.
a. Draw a circuit diagram to represent this. Add an arrow to
indicate the direction of conventional current flow in the
circuit.
b. What is the effective resistance of the two resistors?
c. Calculate the current that flows from the battery.
d. What is the p.d. across each resistor?
140. Show with the help of diagrams, how you would connect three
resistors each of resistance 6Ω, so that the combination has
resistance of
i. 9Ω

ii. 4Ω.

SH
141. A 2kW heater, a 200W TV and three 100W lamps are all switched on
YA
from 6m. to 10p.m. What is the total cost at Rs.5.50per kWh?
142. An electric circuit consisting of a 0.5m long nichrome wire XY, an
SIR

ammeter, a voltmeter, four cells of 1.5V each and a plug key was set
up.
i. Draw a diagram of this electric circuit to study the relation
AR

between the potential difference maintained between the

points ‘X’ and ‘Y’ and the electric current flowing through XY.
ST

ii. Following graph was plotted between V and I values:

What would be the values of ratios when the potential difference
is 0.8V, 1.2V and 1.6V respectively? What conclusion do you
draw from these values?
iii. What is the resistance of the wire?
143. In the circuit given below:

a. What is the combined resistance?

b. What is the p.d. across the combined resistance?
c. What is the p.d. across the 3Ω resistor?
d. What is the current in the 3Ω resistor?
e. What is the current in the 6Ω resistor?
144. Two resistors, with resistances 5Ω and 10Ω respectively are to be
connected to a battery of emf 6V so as to obtain:
i. Minimum current flowing.
ii. Maximum current flowing.
a. How will you connect the resistances in each case?
b. Calculate the strength of the total current in the circuit in
the two cases.
145. Two lamps, one rated 40W at 220V and the other 60W at 220V, are
connected in parallel to the electric supply at 220V.
a. 10 Draw a circuit diagram to show the connections.
b. Calculate the current drawn from the electric supply.
c. Calculate the total energy consumed by the two lamps
together when they operate for one hour.

series. Calculate: SH
146. A p.d. of 4V is applied to two resistors of 6Ω and 2Ω connected in
YA
a. The combined resistance.
b. The current flowing.
SIR

c. The p.d. across the 6Ω resistor.

147. You are given three resistances of 1,2 and 3 ohms. Show by
diagrams, how with the help of these resistances you can get:
AR

1. 6Ω

2. 6
Ω
ST

11

3. 1.5Ω

148. Two lamps, one rated 40W at 220V and the other 60W at 220V, are
connected in parallel to the electric supply at 220V.
a. 10 Draw a circuit diagram to show the connections.
b. Calculate the current drawn from the electric supply.
c. Calculate the total energy consumed by the two lamps
together when they operate for one hour.
149. The p.d. across a lamp is 12V. How many joules of electrical energy
are changed into heat and light when:
a. A charge of 1C passes through it?
b. A charge of 5C passes through it?
c. A current of 2A flows through it for 10s?
150. In the circuit diagram given below five resistances of
10Ω, 40Ω, 30Ω, 20Ω and 60Ω are connected as shown to a 12V battery.

Calculate:
a. Total resistance in the circuit.
b. Total current flowing in the circuit.
151. An electric bulb of resistance 20Ω and a resistance wire of 4Ω are
connected in series with a 6V battery. Draw the circuit diagram and
calculate:
a.
b.
SH
Total resistance of the circuit.
Current through the circuit.
YA
c. Potential difference across the electric bulb.
d. Potential difference across the resistance wire.
SIR

152. An electric heater which is connected to a 220V supply line has two
resistance coils A and B of 24Ω resistance each. These coils can be
used separately (one at a time), in series or in parallel. Calculate the
AR

current drawn when:

a. Only one coil A is used.
ST

b. Coils A and B are used in series.

c. Coils A and B are used in parallel.
153. For a heater rated at 4kW and 220V, calculate:
a. The current,
b. The resistance of the heater,
c. The energy consumed in 2 hours, and
d. The cost if 1kWh is priced at ₹60.

* case - based/data -based questions [52]

154.

Vinita and Ahmed demonstrated a circuit that operates the two

headlights and the two sidelights of a car, in their school exhibition.
Based on their demonstrated circuit, answer the following questions.
(i) State what happens when switch A is connected to
a) Position 2
b) Position 3
(ii) Find the potential difference across each lamp when lit.
(iii) Calculate the current
a) in each 12Ω lamp when lit.
SH
YA
b) In each 4Ω lamp when lit.
OR
SIR

(iv) Show, with calculations, which type of lamp, 4.0 Ω or 12 Ω, has the
higher power.
155. The table shows four different materials and their resistivity.
AR

Resistivity(Ω
Material
m)
ST

Material 1 1.62 ×10-8

Material 2 100 ×10-6
Material 3 6.84 ×10-8
Material 4 44 ×10-6
1. Which material is the best conductor of electricity?
A. Material 1
B. Material 2
C. Material 3
D. Material 4
2. What is the SI unit of Resistivity?
3. Why is nichrome wire used in many electrical heating devices?
A. It has low resistivity and low melting point.
B. It has high resistivity and low melting point.
 C. It has low resistivity and high melting point.
D. It has high resistivity and high melting point.
156.

4. What does the symbol mean in an electric circuit?

A. Switch
B. Wire joint
C. Electric bulb
D. Variable resistance
5. A current of 1A lows through an electric bulb for 5 minutes.
What is the amount of electric charge that lows through the bulb?

SH
Show your calculation.
6. Which of these decides the resistance of a wire?
Circle ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ for correct response.
YA
Does this affect the Yes or
resistance? No
SIR

Length of the wire Yes/No

Thickness of the wire Yes/No
AR

Material of the cover on

Yes/No
the wire
ST

157. The picture shows an electric circuit.

7. Which of these is true about the circuit?

Circle ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ for correct response.
Yes or
Is this true for the circuit?
No
The circuit is open. Yes/No
 The circuit has double batteries. Yes/No
The circuit has an ammeter and a voltmeter
Yes/No
parallel to each other.
8. Will there be any change in the ammeter reading if the length of the
wire in the circuit is doubled?
Explain your answer.
158. Leena creates an electric circuit with three resistors R1, R2 and R3.

SH
YA
9. What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit?
SIR

A. 3 Ω
B. 4 Ω
C. 5 Ω
AR

D. 9 Ω
159. The same resistors are connected in a parallel combination in the circuit.
ST

10. What is the equivalent resistance of the circuit?

A. Less than 1 Ω
B. 1 Ω
C. 2 Ω
D. More than 2 Ω
160. Read the following and answer any three questions from (i) to (iv).
The heating effect of current is obtained by transformation of electrical
energy in heat energy. Just as mechanical energy used to overcome
friction is covered into heat, in the same way, electrical energy is
converted into heat energy when an electric current flows through a
resistance wire. The heat produced in a conductor, when a current flows
through it is found to depend directly on (a) strength of current (b)
resistance of the conductor (c) time for which the current flows. The
mathematical expression is given by H = I Rt.2

The electrical fuse, electrical heater, electric iron, electric geyser etc. all
are based on the heating effect of current.
i. What are the properties of heating element?

ii. What are the properties of electric fuse?

iii. SH
When the current is doubled in a heating device and time is
halved, the heat energy produced will be?
YA
OR
iv. A) A fuse wire melts at 5 A. It is is desired that the fuse wire of
SIR

same material melt at 10 A. The new radius of the wire will be.

B) When a current of 0.5A passes through a conductor for 5 min

AR

and the resistance of conductor is 10Ω the amount of heat

produced will be.
ST

161. Read the following and answer any three questions from (i) to (iv).
The obstruction offered by a conductor in the path of flow of current is
called resistance. The SJ unit of resistance is ohm (Q). It has been found
that the resistance of a conductor depends on the temperature of the
conductor. As the temperature increases, the resistance also increases.
But the resistance of alloys like mangnin, Constantin and nichrome is
almost unaffected by temperature. The resistance of a conductor also
depends on the length of conductor and the area of cross-section of the
conductor. More be the length, more will be the resistance, more be the
area of cross-section, lesser will be the resistance.
i. Which is not will desired in material being used for making
electrical wires?
 ii. What is a resistance?

iii. Which resistance of alloys will unaffected by temperature?

OR
iv. A wire of resistance 20Ω is cut into 5 equal pieces. The resistance
of each part will be?
162. Read the following and answer any three questions from (i) to (iv).
The electrical energy consumed by an electrical appliance is given by the
product of its power rating and the time for which it is used. The SI unit
of electrical energy is Joule. Actually, Joule represents a very small
quantity of energy, and therefore it is inconvenient to use where a large
quantity of energy is involved. So for commercial purposes we use a
bigger unit of electrical energy which is called kilowatt-hour. 1 kilowatt-
hour is equal to 3.6 × 106 joules of electrical energy.

SH
i. The energy dissipated by the heater is E. When the time of
operating the heater is doubled, the energy dissipated will?
YA
ii. The power of a lamp is 60W. The energy consumed in 1 minute
will?
SIR

iii. The electrical refrigerator rated 400W operates 8 hours a day. The
cost of electrical energy is ₹ 5 per kWh. Find the cost of running
AR

the refrigerator for one day?

OR
ST

iv. Calculate the energy transformed by a 5A current flowing through

a resistor of 2Ω for 30 minutes?
163. Read the following and answer any three questions from (i) to (iv).
The rate of flow of charge is called electric current. The SJ unit of electric
current is Ampere (A). The direction of flow of current is always opposite
to the direction of flow of electrons in the current. The electric potential
is defined as the amount of work done in bringing a unit positive test
charge from infinity to a point in the electric field. The amount of work
done in bringing a unit positive test charge from one point to another
point in an electric field is defined as potential difference.
WBA
VAB = VB − VA =
q

The SJ unit of potential and potential difference is volt.

 i. The 2C of charge is flowing through a conductor in 100ms, the
current in the circuit will?

ii. Define electric current? what is the SJ unit of electric current.

iii. The potential difference between the two terminals of battery, if

100 joules of work is required to transfer 20 coulombs of charge
from one terminal of the battery to other will?
OR
iv. a) Then number of electrons flowing per second in a conductor if I
A current is passing through it?
b) The voltage can be written as.
164. A student made an electric circuit shown here to measure the
current through two lamps.
a.
b. SH
Are the lamps in series or parallel?
The student has made a mistake in this circuit. What is the
mistake?
YA
c. Draw a circuit diagram to show the correct way to connect the
circuit. Use the proper circuit symbols in your diagram.
SIR
AR
ST

165. A boy noted the readings on his home’s electricity meter on Sunday
at 8AM and again on Monday at 8AM (see figure below).

a. What was the meter reading on Sunday?

b. What was the meter reading on Monday?
c. How many units of electricity have been used?
d. In how much time these units have been used?
 e. If the rate is Rs. 5 per unit, what is the cost of electricity used
during this time?
166. Use the data in Table 12.2 to answer the following–
a. Which among iron and mercury is a better conductor?
b. Which matcrial is the best conductor?
Electrical resistivity of some substances at 20°C
- Meterial Resistivity (Ω m)
Conductors Silver 1.60 × 10-8
Copper 1.60 × 10-8
Aluminium 2.63 × 10-8
Tungsten 5.20 × 10-8
Nickel 6.84 × 10-8
Iron
Chromoium
SH 10.0 × 10-8

12.9 × 10-8
YA
Mercury 94.0 × 10-8
SIR

Manganese 1.84 × 10-6

Constant (alloy of Cu, Mn and Ni) 49 × 10-6
AR

Alloys Manganin (alloy of Cu, Mn and Ni) 44 × 10-6

Nichrome (alloy of Ni, Cr, MN and Fe) 100 × 10-6
ST

Glass 1010 - 1014

Insulators Hard rubber 1013 - 1016
Ebonite 1015 - 1017
Diamond 1012 - 1013
Paper (dry) 1012
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