INTERNET : ISP TO
CLIENT CONNECTION
Overview, Issues, and Solutions
WHAT IS
INTERNET?
The Internet refers to the global
network infrastructure that the ISP
connects its customers to. ISPs serve as
intermediaries, providing users access to
the Internet by routing data between
end-users (such as homes, businesses,
and organizations) and the broader
global network.
INTERNET PATHWAY: ISP TO HOME
- High-capacity - Converts data
data centers and 2. Optical Line signals for fiber
1. ISP Core Network: Terminal (OLT):
servers. transmission.
- Located at the
client’s premises; 4. Optical Network
Unit (ONU) or - Splits the fiber
converts optical signal to multiple 3. Passive Optical
Optical Network Network (PON):
signals to electrical users.
signals. Terminal (ONT):
- Distributes the
5. Router: internet within the
home.
COMMON FTTH ISSUES
1. Slow Internet Speeds:
2. Frequent Disconnections
3. Signal Degradation:
4. Iptv not working
CAUSES OF SLOW INTERNET
- Network Congestion:
- Outdated Hardware:
Too many users on the
Old modems or routers
network
- Interference: Physical
- Poor Signal Strength:
obstructions or
Weak Wi-Fi coverage
electronic interference
- Bandwidth-Hogging
- ISP or Server Issues:
Activities: Streaming or
Downtime or throttling
large downloads. FUP
by provider
exceeded.
COMMON SOLUTION
FOR SLOW INTERNET
- Ensure the customer’s router, modem, or other networking equipment is
functioning correctly. Guide them through restarting the equipment.
- Addressing common issues ensures better performance and user
experience.
- Inform customers if their current plan isn’t sufficient for their needs, and
suggest upgrades if necessary.
Ensure modems, ONTs (Optical Network Terminals), or routers are up-to-date.
In wireless setups, educate customers about minimizing interference from
other devices (e.g., microwaves, other Wi-Fi networks).
Advise the client to use 2.4G for range coverage and 5G for improved
performance.
If the consumer is still experiencing slowness after following all of the above
advice, the issue should be brought to the attention of the tech team.
SINGLE BAND ONU DUAL BAND ONU
Frequency: Operates only on the 2.4 Frequency: Operates on both 2.4 GHz
GHz band. and 5 GHz bands.
Range: Offers a longer range but is 2.4 GHz: Offers longer range but
more prone to interference due to the slower speeds.
crowded 2.4 GHz band (used by
many devices like microwaves, 5 GHz: Provides faster speeds and
Bluetooth, etc.). less interference but has a shorter range.
Speed: Generally supports slower Performance: Ideal for streaming,
speeds compared to dual-band online gaming, and handling multiple
routers, as the 2.4 GHz band has less devices simultaneously.
bandwidth. Cost: Slightly more expensive but
Cost: Cheaper and suitable for basic offers better performance and
internet usage (like browsing and flexibility.
email). Best For: Larger households or
Best For: Small households or areas environments with high-speed internet
where high-speed internet isn't a and many connected devices.
necessity.
COMMON SOLUTION FOR
DISCONNECTIONS
- Loose or Damaged Cables: - Power Supply Stability: Verify
Ensure that the fiber cable that the ONU's power adapter is
connected to the ONU is functional and supplying stable
properly seated and power. Use an Uninterruptible
undamaged. Power Supply (UPS) if necessary.
Optical Signal Levels (dBm):
Check the optical signal
received by the ONU. Typical
-Temperature:
values:
Ensure the ONU is not
-8 dBm to -27 dBm: Good range
overheating. Place it in a well-
(varies by ISP and ONU model).
ventilated area.
Below -27 dBm: Weak signal;
check the splitter or fiber line for
issues.
Swap the ONU with another If the consumer is still experiencing
device to rule out hardware slowness after following all of the
defects. If the issue resolves, the above advice, the issue should be
original ONU may need brought to the attention of the tech
replacement. team.
➢ Signal Interference: Overlapping
channels, electromagnetic
interference, or physical obstacles
like walls and buildings.
➢ Distance from Access Point/Base
Station: Users far from the Wi-Fi router
or mobile tower experience lower
signal strength.
Equipment Limitations: Older ONUs,
SIGNAL
➢
OLTs, or DSL modems may not
support extended ranges effectively.
DEGRADATION ➢ Power Outages: Electrical disruptions
affect both wired and wireless
infrastructure.
Optical Power loss: Check the
optical signal received by the ONU.
Typical values:
-8 dBm to -27 dBm: Good range
(varies by ISP and ONU model).
Below -27 dBm: Weak signal;
check the splitter or fiber line for issues.
Wi-Fi Module Issue: must perform a
hard reset or, if necessary, replace
the ONU.
IPTV NOT WORKING
No Signal or Blank Screen: need to verify HDMI
or detect tv source(hdmi1,hdmi2)
Poor or No Internet Connectivity: Connect your
IPTV box or device directly via Ethernet for a
more stable connection.
Date and Time: need to set date and time to
auto from settings option
Buffering or Frequent Freezing: Adjust Streaming
Quality, Test Connection Stability
Q and A
