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Formulation of Chyawanprash and Comparative Evaluation with

Marketed Chyawanprash
Rushikesh Krishna Dhale1, Dr. R.Y. Patil2, Siddhant Dhumal2
1 Bachelor of Pharmacy, Shankarrao Ursal College of Pharmaceutical Science And Research Centre, Kharadi,
Pune, Maharashtra, India
2 Shankarrao Ursal College of Pharmaceutical Science and Research Centre, Kharadi, Pune, Maharashtra, India

ARTICLEINFO ABSTRACT

Article History:
A traditional Ayurvedic compound known for its many health advantages
Accepted: 05 Feb 2024
is chyawanprash. For generations, Indian traditional medicine has utilised
Published: 28 Feb 2024
this intricate herbal jam to enhance general well-being and lifespan. The
purpose of this study article is to investigate the formulation and assess the
Chyawanprash quality factors. In addition to a mixture of herbs, spices,
Publication Issue :
and honey, the formulation process entails the careful selection and
Volume 11, Issue 1
processing of several botanical constituents, including amla (Emblica
January-February-2024
officinalis). Conventional techniques are employed to blend these
components into a strong and agreeable concoction. Chyawanprash is
Page Number :
evaluated by determining its physicochemical parameters, such as pH,
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viscosity, moisture content, and ash value, in addition to its organoleptic
characteristics. Bioactivity testing can also clarify Chyawanprash's
immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and other medicinal qualities. These
assessments offer insightful information about the safety and effectiveness
of this Ayurvedic medicine. It is essential to comprehend the composition
and assess the quality standards of Chyawanprash in order to guarantee
both its efficacy and safety. This study bridges the gap between
conventional wisdom and contemporary medical science by adding to the
continuing scientific investigation of herbal treatments.
Keywords : Chyawanprash, Amla, Ayurvedic Formulation, Immunity

I. INTRODUCTION and strength is known as chyawanprash in the

Ayurvedic community. With roots in ancient Indian
An appreciated combination of botanicals, minerals, customs, Chyawanprash has been used for generations
and other natural substances that have been and is highly valued for its restorative and revitalising
methodically formulated to support holistic health qualities. This classic Ayurvedic jam is well known for

Copyright © 2024 The Author(s): This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative 577
Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution,
and reproduction in any medium for non-commercial use provided the original author and source are credited.
 Rushikesh Krishna Dhale et al Int J Sci Res Sci & Technol. January-February-2024, 11 (1) : 577-584

its many health benefits in addition to its II. MATERIALS AND METHODS
mouthwatering flavour. Amla (Emblica officinalis) is
the main ingredient of Chyawanprash, which is made Materials :
by carefully combining herbs, spices, fruits, and other Table 1: Ingredients of Chyawanprash
natural ingredients. A vital component of Ayurvedic
medicine, amla, commonly referred to as Indian Sr. Name of the drug Latin name Quantity
gooseberry, is renowned for its strong antioxidant and No.
abundant vitamin C stores. In addition to Amla, a 1. Amla Emblica 2kg
variety of herbs like Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus), officinalis
Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia), and Ashwagandha 2. Bel Aegle 12.50gm
(Withania somnifera) are well-balanced to augment marmelos
the therapeutic effectiveness of Chyawanprash. Correa
Chyawanprash is more than just a blend of herbs; it's 3. Shalparni Desmodium 12.50gm
a whole-person approach to well-being, covering Gangeticum
everything from immune system support to improved 4. Gambhari Gmelina 12.50gm
digestion and energy levels. Its creation is evidence of arborea
the great knowledge of Ayurveda, which emphasises 5. Gokharu Tribulus 12.50gm
the body, mind, and spirit being interdependent in terrestris
the quest for perfect health. Brown in colour and 6. Punarnava Boerhavia 12.50gm
semisolid, chyawanprash has a sour and sweet flavour. diffusa
It is made by combining over fifty processed minerals, 7. Shatavari Asparagus 12.50gm
herbs, and spices in precise amounts to create a racemosus
synergistic mixture. In Ayurveda, it falls under the 8. Ashwagandha Withania 12.50gm
category of Rasayana, which enhances the body's somnifera
integrity or health by a variety of means, including 9. Jeevanti Leptadenia 12.50gm
better digestion, a delayed ageing process, the reticulata
elimination of degenerative processes, and many 10. Bhueawala Phyllanthus 12.50gm
more.(1) This study aims to investigate the niruri
formulation process of Chyawanprash, clarifying the
11. Pippali Piper longum 12.50gm
choice and handling of botanical materials as well as
12. Kakad Singi Pistacia 12.50gm
the conventional techniques used in its creation. In
integerrima
addition, it aims to assess the physicochemical
13. Nagarmotha Cyperus 12.50gm
properties and bioactive components of chyawanprash
scariosus
in order to clarify its therapeutic potential as well as
14. Varahikand Dioscorea 12.50gm
its standards of quality. This research intends to
bulbifera
contribute to a deeper knowledge of Chyawanprash
15. Vidarikand Pueraria 12.50gm
and open the road for its adoption into modern
tuberosa
healthcare practices by bridging the gap between
16. Gulvel Tinospora 12.50gm
Ayurvedic wisdom and scientific examination. In the
cordifolia
process, it embraces the rigours of scientific
17. Ringani Solanum 12.50gm
investigation in the goal of holistic wellness while
virginianum
attempting to preserve the legacy of this age-old elixir.

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18. Bruhati Solanum 12.50gm once the pan is taken off the fire. The final product is
indicum Linn created when it has cooled down and has a
19. Kachur Curcuma 12.50gm consistency similar to fruit jam. It has a dark shiny
zedoaria brown hue. 250 grammes of old honey is added. A
20. Ghee - 200gm few Ayurvedic additives are used for specific health
21. Gud Saccharum 1kg benefits, including shukti bhasam (100 gm), abharak
officinarum bhasam (100 gm), shring bhasam (100 gm),
22. Honey Apis mellifera 200gm makardhawaj (25 gm), lavang (clove) (25 gm), and
23. Khajur Phoenix 500gm chandi (silver foil) (75 gm).(2-6,8,16-18,30) The
dactylifera recommended dosage for chyawanprash is such that it
has no effect on appetite or hunger.(2-6,8,16-18,30,31)
Method of Preparation : Take 12–28 grammes of chyawanprash with 100–250
millilitres of milk.(31,32) It is recommended that
Since there was no standard operating procedure people with respiratory diseases, such as asthma,
(SOP) in existence back then, different manufacturers refrain from consuming milk or curd.(31)
and locations have different processes for preparing Image 1: Preparation of Chyawanprash.
chyawanprash. The following is an explanation of the
standard procedure for making chyawanprash: 50
grammes of the subsequent plants, accordingly Bel,
arni, gambhari, arlu, patla, gokhru, shalparni, brihati,
kantakari, kakdash- ingi, munnaka, harde, giloy, bala,
bhumiamla, adusa, jivanti, kachur, pushkarmool,
nagarmotha, magdaparni, mashparni, shalparni,
prishparni, pippali, kaknasa, varahikand, vidarikand,
punarnawa kanwal, agar, chandan, shatavari and
ashwagandha are submerged in around 16 litres of
water. 500 Indian gooseberry fruits, each weighing
between 15 and 20 grammes, or 6.5 kg in total, are
wrapped in a clean towel and immersed into the plant
combination mentioned above. The mixture is heated
to a fourth of its original volume. Once the cloth is
removed, the seeds are removed from the amla, the
fibres are removed by rubbing the amla peels against a Label Clams : Image 2: Label of Chyawanprash
mesh, and then amla pithi is ready. After filtering the
decoction, marc is disposed of. In an iron pan, 500
grammes of ghee and 500 grammes of oil are
combined with amla pithi and cooked until red. Plant
decoction and sugar syrup are added to a skillet and
cooked until the ghee begins to separate. Powder
comprising 150 grammes of vanshlochan, 100
grammes of pippali, and 10 grammes of each of
nagkesar, elaichi, tamal-patra, and dallani is blended

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Here, W stands for the weight of the empty crucible

in grammes, W2 for the weight of the crucible
holding ash in grammes, and W1 for the weight of the
initial samples in grammes.

Samples for Evaluation :

Sample 1 : Formulated Chyawanprash.
Sample 2 : Patanjali Chyawanprash (Markated
Chyawanprash).
Evaluation Methods(33) :
1. Preliminary Evaluation : Image 3: Determination of Ash Value.
The organoleptic features of the prepared
chyawanprash, such as its nature, colour, taste, and
odour were determined.
2. Determination of Moisture Content :
Using a vacuum oven, the AOAC 934.01 procedure
was followed to determine the moisture content. In a
nutshell, the formula below was used to determine
the percentage of moisture contained in the samples:
Moisture Content = (W1 – W2) / (W1 – W) × 100.
Here, W1 is the crucible's weight in grammes with
samples before drying, W2 is the crucible's weight in
grammes with samples after drying, and W is the
crucible's empty weight crucible in g following
cooling and heating. Image 4: Determination of Moisture Content.
3. Determination of pH :
Using a pH metre, the pH of each sample was
measured after an aqueous solution of the samples was
prepared at a ratio of 1% w/v.
4. Determination of Ash Value :
The AOAC 923.03 technique was used to determine
the samples' total ash content. Next, ash % was
computed using the following equation:
Ash Value = (W2 – W) / (W1 – W) × 100.

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Here, W stands for the weight of the empty crucible

in grammes, W2 for the weight of the crucible
holding ash in grammes, and W1 for the weight of the
initial samples in grammes.

Image 5: Determination of pH.

5. Determination of Ash Value of Crude Drugs :

Accurately clean and weigh a crucible (often made of
silica or porcelain). Take a predetermined amount of
the crude medicine in powder form (according to
pharmacopoeial standards or a particular protocol).
After the material is completely charred, place the
sample in the crucible and light it over a hot plate or
in a muffle furnace at a temperature not to exceed
450°C. After letting the crucible cool in a desiccator, Image 6: Ash Value of Crude Drugs.
precisely weigh it. The total amount of ash is
represented by the weight of the residue.(34)

Ash Value = (W2 – W) / (W1 – W) × 100.

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Table 2: Evaluation of Chayawanprash.

Parameter Committee Standard(35) Observation Inference

Sample 1 Sample 2
Colour Brown Brown Brown Acceptable
Odour Specific odour Specific odour Specific odour Acceptable

Taste Pleasant and acrid Pleasant and Pleasant and Acceptable

acrid acrid
Nature Semisolid Semisolid Semisolid Acceptable

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pH 4.35 – 5.20 4.9 5.2 Acceptable

Moisture Not more than 13% 7% 6% Acceptable
Content
Ash Value Not more than 9% 7.81% 4.52% Acceptable

Table 3: Ash Value of Crude Drugs.

[Link]. Name of the drug Committee Observation Inference
Standard (36)

1 Bel 9.59 ± 1.87 to 15.54 16.6% Acceptable

2 Shalparni ± 1.21% (w/w) 14% Acceptable
3 Gambhari 10.3% Acceptable
4 Gokharu 12.4% Acceptable
5 Punarnava 15.33% Acceptable
6 Shatavari 11.3% Acceptable
7 Ashwagandha 13% Acceptable
8 Jeevanti 14.3% Acceptable
9 Bhueawala 9.33% Acceptable
10 Pippali 8% Acceptable
11 Kakad Singi 12.8% Acceptable
12 Nagarmotha 11% Acceptable
13 Varahikand 9.7% Acceptable
14 Vidarikand 14.8% Acceptable
15 Gulvel 15% Acceptable
16 Ringani 13.7% Acceptable
17 Bruhati 11.7% Acceptable
18 Kachur 9.6% Acceptable

According to table 2, Both Sample 1 and Sample 2 of 7%, and Sample 2 has a slightly lower moisture
exhibit characteristics that align with the committee content of 6%. These values indicate that both
standard. Their color is brown, they possess a specific samples meet the requirement for moisture content.
odour, their taste is described as pleasant and acrid, Both Sample 1 and Sample 2 have ash values that are
and their nature is semisolid. These attributes are below the maximum limit specified by the committee
within the acceptable range according to the standard. Sample 1 has an ash value of 7.81%, while
committee standard. The pH values of both samples Sample 2 has a lower ash value of 4.52%. These values
fall within the acceptable range defined by the indicate that both samples are acceptable in terms of
committee standard. Sample 1 has a pH of 4.9, while ash content.
Sample 2 has a pH of 5.2. Despite being slightly One of the most important analytical steps in
different, both values are within the specified range of pharmacognosy, the study and identification of
4.35 – 5.20. The moisture content of both samples is medicinal plants, is figuring out a crude drug's ash
well below the maximum threshold set by the value. Determining the ash value aids in determining
committee standard. Sample 1 has a moisture content how much inorganic material—which may include

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salts, minerals, or other non-volatile impurities—is [2]. Charak Samhita, Chikitsasathanam, Vol II,
present in the crude medication. As per table 3 shows (Motilal Banarasidas, Banaras), 1954, 7.
ash value of crude drugs which are used in [3]. Sharma PV, Cakradatta: A Treatise on
preparation of chaywanprash, the committee standard Principles and Practices of Ayurvedic Medicine
for Bel specifies a range of 9.59 ± 1.87 to 15.54 ± 1.21% (Chaukhambha Orientalia, Varanasi), 1954, 129.
(w/w). The observed ash value is 16.6%, slightly [4]. Shastri AD, Bhaishjya-Ratnavali,
higher than the upper limit of the range. Despite this (Chaukhambha Sanskrit Bhawan, Varanasi),
slight deviation, it is deemed acceptable. 1996, 286.
Shalparni(14%), Gambhari(10.3%), Gokharu(12.4%), [5]. Ayurved-Sarsangarah, (Shree Baidyanath
Punarnava(15.33%), Shatavari(11.3%), Ayurved Bhawan Pvt Ltd, Calcutta), 1965, 540.
Ashwagandha(13%), Jeevanti(14.3%), [6]. Trivedi RP, Bhaishajay Kalpana, (Dhanvantari
Bhueawala(9.33%), Pippali(8%), Kakad Singi(12.8%), Karyalaya, Vijayagarh, Aligarh), 1951, 260.
Nagarmotha(11%), Varahikand(9.7%), Gulvel(15%), [7]. Wealth of India, Raw Materials series, Vol III,
Ringani(13.7%), Bruhati(11.7%), Kachur(9.6%), (Publications and Information Directorate, New
Vidarikand(14.8%) for all these drugs, the observed Delhi), 1989, 168.
percentage of ash value fall within the acceptable [8]. Bhandari CR, Vanoshadhi-Chandrodaya, Vol I,
range specified by the committee standard. No (GyanMandir, Bhanpura), 1938, 112.
deviations beyond the acceptable limits are observed. [9]. Charak Samhita, Chikitsasathanam, Vol II,
(Motilal Banarasidas, Banaras), 1954, 4.
IV. CONCLUSION [10]. Tripathi RD, Ashtangsangrah, (Chaukhambha
Sanskrit Prishthan, Delhi), 2003, 106.
In conclusion, all parameters examined by Samples 1 [11]. Chunekar KC, Bhav Prakash Nighantu,
and 2 satisfy the committee criteria, according to the (Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi),
data presented. They exhibit consistency in terms of 2002, 788.
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