CHITTAGONG UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
LAB SHEET
EEE372
Electrical & Electronic Engineering Sessional
Instruction:
1. Before coming to the laboratory. Read the lab sheet carefully and understand the procedure of
performing the experiments. Your performance in the class will be evaluated.
2. Do not switch ON the power supply unless permitted by the lab supervisor.
3. Do not make or break any connection with the power supply on.
4. Handle the equipments with care.
5. Do the necessary calculation, draw the graphs and submit the report when you would come for
the next experiment.
Aditta Chowdhury, Lecturer, Dept. of EEE, CUET
Diba Das, Lecturer, Dept. of EEE, CUET
Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Chittagong University of Engineering &Technology
Course Title: Electrical & Electronic Engineering Sessional
Course No. EEE-372
Experiment No. 01. STUDY OF OPEN CIRCUIT CHARACTERISTICS
(O.C.C) OF D.C GENERATORS.
OBJECTIVE:
The purposes of the experiment are:
I) To observe the open circuit characteristics (O.C.C) of dc generators.
II) To determine the critical resistance line by drawing O.C.C curve.
THEORY:
An electrical generator is a machine that converts mechanical energy of power in electrical
energy or power. The energy conversion is based on the principle of production of dynamically
induced e.m.f is produced in it according to Faraday’s law’s Electromagnetic induction. This
e.m.f causes a current flow if the conductor circuit closed.
In open circuit characteristics of d.c generators, no load is given across the generators output
terminals. It is also known as magnetic characteristics or no load characteristics of d.c
generators. It shows the relation between the no loads generated e.m.f in armature E0 and the
field or exciting current If at a given fix speed. It is just the magnetization curve or the material
of the electromagnets. Its shape is practically the same for all generators whether separately
excited or self excited.
APPARATUS:
1) D.C generators (DL 10260; 2750r.p.m; 30V, 4A and excitation kind independent 33V,
0.7A and DC gen. And IM set 1430rpm, Compound, 6.6A/0.47A, 230V)
2) D.C voltmeter (0-600v)
3) Ammeter (0-1A)
4) Rheostat 500 ohm
5) Tachometer
6) Motor as prime mover
Aditta Chowdhury, Lecturer, Dept. of EEE, CUET
Diba Das, Lecturer, Dept. of EEE, CUET
CONNECTION DIAGRAM:
Gene-
Motor V
rator
Starter
Figure 1.1: A self excited dc shunt generator run by a motor.
For self-excited dc shunt generator connect the shunt field parallel to the armature as shown in
Figure 1.2
Motor V
(3ø)
Figure 1.2: Separately excited dc shunt generator connection diagram
For separately excited dc shunt generator connect the shunt field to the dc voltage source as
shown in Figure 1.3.
Aditta Chowdhury, Lecturer, Dept. of EEE, CUET
Diba Das, Lecturer, Dept. of EEE, CUET
A
Prim- Gener- V
Motor ator
(arm)
field DC supply
(arm)
Figure 1.3: Separately excited dc shunt generator connection diagram
WORKING PROCEDURE:
1) At first connect the generator as a dc shunt generator and run the motor generator set as
per instructions. If there is no voltage generated in the generator armature, the shunt field
terminals are interchanged. Then voltage will build up the field current If with very small
steps and note down the corresponding E0 tabulate your results.
2) While increasing If never decrease until maximum If and while decreasing If never
increase until minimum of If. If possible reduce 75% of the prime mover speed. Tabulate
the new reading of If and E0 at this new speed.
3) To have the voltage for residual magnetism, disconnect the field from the armature and
starting the machine measure the armature terminal voltage ER. It is at If =0.
4) Finally stop the machine and measure the field resistance.
I) Separately excited generator:
Field resistance of generator Rf =45Ω
If
E0
Aditta Chowdhury, Lecturer, Dept. of EEE, CUET
Diba Das, Lecturer, Dept. of EEE, CUET
CRITICAL RESISTANCE :
The value of the resistance line that just touches the saturation curve at its straight line portion
shown as critical resistance.
CONDITION FOR BUILD UP OF VOLTAGE IN DC GENERATOR:
The necessary condition for building up of a self excited shunt generator is as follows:
1) There must be some residual magnetism in the generator poles.
2) For the given direction of rotation, the shunt field coils should be so connected that the
induced current reinforce the e.m.f produced initially due to residual magnetism.
3) If excited on open circuit, its shunt resistance should be critical resistance.
CALCULATION AND GRAPH:
1) Plot the O.C.C curve for separately excited dc generators.
2) Calculate field resistance from O.C.C curve and show the field and critical resistance line
on it.
3) What are the critical resistance & critical speed of a dc shunt generator?
Aditta Chowdhury, Lecturer, Dept. of EEE, CUET
Diba Das, Lecturer, Dept. of EEE, CUET
