Amman Baptist School Topic: worksheet ( 2.
3 )
Grade: 8 (A, B, C, D) Subject: Science
Name: ______________ Science Department Date: _____________
Feature Ionic bond Covalent bond
Types of Metal + Non-metal Non-metal + Non-metal
elements
How bonds are Transfer of electrons Sharing of electrons
formed (one loses, one gains)
Resulting Compounds Molecules
particles
Examples Sodium chloride (NaCl) Oxygen molecule (O2)
Magnesium oxide (MgO) Water molecule (H2O)
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Q1. Using the information below,
1. Draw the electronic structure of each atom and ion in the table below
Lithium atom Fluorine atom
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Lithium ion Fluorine ion
2. What type of bond is formed between lithium and fluorine?
_Ionic bond_________________________________
Explain your answer.
Lithium is a metal and fluorine is a non-metal. Lithium loses an electron and
fluorine gains an electron. The opposite charges attract, forming an ionic bond.
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3. The symbol of Lithium is Li.
What is the symbol of a lithium ion?
Li +1
Q2. The diagram shows the structure of a magnesium atom.
1. What is the atomic number of Magnesium?
12
2. In which group is magnesium?
Group 2
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3. Draw a diagram to show the structure of a magnesium ion.
4. Which is more stable: a Magnesium atom or a magnesium ion?
A magnesium ion is more stable than a magnesium atom.
Explain your answer.
Mg has two electrons in its outermost shell, which is not full and makes it
unstable.
5. How are the atoms in a magnesium atom held in place?
Electrostatic force
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Q3. The diagram shows the electronic structure of two different elements,
labelled P and Q.
1. Identify which element is a cation and which one is an anion based on
their electronic structure.
Cation: Element P
Anion: Element Q
Explain your answer.
Cation loses electrons but an anion gains electrons.
2. Fill in the blanks using the correct word from the list below.
Lose gain negative positive
a. A cation has a positive charge because it loses electrons.
b. An anion has a negative charge because it gains electrons.
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Remember:
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Q4. Draw the dot and cross diagrams for the following molecules.
Molecule Dot and cross diagram
H2
Cl2
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CH4
Q5. The diagram below represents a molecule of hydrogen chloride.
a. What type of particles are represented by the cross (x)?
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electrons
b. What type of chemical bond holds the atoms in this molecule together?
Covalent bond
"Just like atoms form strong bonds by sharing or giving, we grow stronger when
we connect, support, and learn from each other."
Mrs. Luna Alshaer
Mrs. Lara Ja’nini
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