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Session 2

The document explains the usage, formation, and rules of the Simple Present and Simple Past Tenses in English. It outlines how to express habits, general truths, and completed actions, along with the structure for affirmative, negative, and question forms. Additionally, it includes specific spelling rules for third-person verbs and regular verbs in the past tense.

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Kian Pakravanan
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12 views3 pages

Session 2

The document explains the usage, formation, and rules of the Simple Present and Simple Past Tenses in English. It outlines how to express habits, general truths, and completed actions, along with the structure for affirmative, negative, and question forms. Additionally, it includes specific spelling rules for third-person verbs and regular verbs in the past tense.

Uploaded by

Kian Pakravanan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Simple Present Tense

1- Usage

The Simple Present Tense is used to:

1. Talk about habits and routines


→ I brush my teeth every morning.
2. Express general truths or facts
→ The sun rises in the east.
3. Describe permanent situations
→ He lives in Toronto.
4. Give instructions or directions
→ You turn left at the next street.
5. Talk about scheduled future events.
→ The train leaves at 8 a.m.

2- Affirmative

Subject + base verb (+s/es for he/she/it)

 I work / He works
 They play / She plays

3- Negative

Subject + do/does not + base verb

 I don't like coffee.


 She doesn't watch TV.

4- Yes/No Questions

Do/Does + subject + base verb?

 Do you study every day?


 Does he speak French?

5- Spelling Rules for Third Person (he/she/it)

Ending Rule Example


-s, -x, -ch, -sh, -o Add -es goes, watches, finishes

Consonant + y Change y to i, add -es studies, tries


Vowel + y Just add -s plays, says
Simple Past Tense
1- Usage

The Simple Past Tense is used to:

1. Talk about actions that happened at a specific time in the past


→ She visited Paris in 2018.
2. Describe a completed action
→ They watched a movie last night.
3. Tell stories or past events
→ Once upon a time, there was a king...

2- Form

3- Affirmative 4- Negative 5- Yes/No Questions

Subject + past form of verb Subject + did not (didn’t) + Did + subject + base verb?
base verb
 I walked to school.  Did you study last night?
 She saw a bird.  I didn’t go.  Did she call you?
 He didn’t eat dinner.

6- Spelling Rules for Regular Verbs

Ending Rule Example


Most verbs Add -ed worked, played
Verb ends in e Add -d lived, loved
Consonant + y Change y to i, add -ed studied, cried
One-syllable verb with vowel +
Double final consonant, add -ed stopped, planned
consonant

7-Simple Present vs. Simple Past


Feature Simple Present Simple Past
Time of action Now / Habitual / Always Finished / Specific time in past
Example (affirmative) She walks to school. She walked to school.
Example (negative) She doesn’t walk to school. She didn’t walk to school.
Question form Does she walk to school? Did she walk to school?

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