LESSON OBJECTIVES:
REVISION OF FERTILISATION IN FLOWERING PLANTS
PRACTICAL EXAM QUESTION ON POLLEN TUBE GROWTH
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF A FLOWERING PLANT
ANTHER STIGMA
STAMEN
FILAMENT
PISTIL
STYLE
OVULE
OVARY
PETAL
SEPAL
RECEPTACLE PEDICEL
FOUR WHORLS OF A
FLOWER
CALYX COROLLA GYNOECIUM ANDROECIUM
ANCHORS THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE
SEPALS PETALS STAMENS PISTILS
REPRODUCTIVE PARTS PARTS
PROVIDES MECHANICAL COLOURED TO ATTRACT MALE REPRODUCTIVE
PRODUCES OVULES
STRENGTH POLINATORS PARTS
PROTECTS THE
PRODUCES POLLEN GRAINS
REPRODUCTIVE PARTS
POLLINATION
POLLINATION IS THE TRANSFER OF POLLEN FROM THE
ANTHER TO THE STIGMA OF THE SAME FLOWER OR
DIFFERENT FLOWER OF THE SAME SPECIES
FERTILISATION
FERTILIZATION IS THE FUSION OF THE MALE GAMETES
(POLLEN) WITH THE FEMALE GAMETES (OVUM) TO FORM A
DIPLOID ZYGOTE
POLLEN GRAIN, CONTAINING TWO NUCLEI, ADHERES TO THE POLLEN TUBE NUCLEUS
STIGMA GENERATIVE NUCLEUS
POLLEN GRAIN GERMINATES A POLLEN TUBE WHICH
EXTENDS DOWN THE STYLE USING DIGESTIVE ENZYMES
THE POLLEN TUBE NUCLEI AND GENERATIVE NUCLEI TRAVEL
DOWN THE STYLE
THE GENERATIVE NUCLEUS DIVIDES BY MITOSIS TO PRODUCE
TWO IDENTICAL MALE NUCLEI
THE THREE HAPLOID NUCLEI TRAVEL DOWN THE POLLEN
TUBE TOWARDS THE FEMALE OVULE
WHEN THE POLLEN TUBE REACHES THE OVULE MICROPYLE, MICROPYLE = OPENING IN THE
THE POLLEN TUBE NUCLEUS BREAKS DOWN OVULE FORMED AFTER PENETRATION
ONE MALE NUCLEUS FUSES WITH THE FEMALE NUCLEUS TO
FORM A DIPLOID ZYGOTE
TRIPLOID ENDOSPERM NUCLEUS =
THE OTHER MALE NUCLEUS FUSES WITH TWO POLAR NUCLEI
ENDOSPERM = FOOD SUPPLY FOR
IN THE OVULE TO FORM A TRIPLOID ENDOSPERM NUCLEUS
EMBRYO DURING GERMINATION
DOUBLE FERTILISATION TAKES PLACE IN FLOWERING PLANTS
EFFECTS OF SUCROSE CONCENTRATION ON POLLEN TUBE FORMATION
STRUCTURE OF IMPORTANCE OF
SUCROSE SUCROSE
SUCROSE IS THE MAIN
DISACCHARIDE SUCROSE REGULATES
ENERGY SOURCE FOR
COMPOSED OF GLUCOSE THE OSMOTIC PRESSURE
POLLEN GRAIN
AND FRUCTOSE, LINKED AND CONTROLS WATER
GERMINATION AND
TOGETHER BY A UPTAKE AND CELL
POLLEN TUBE
GLYCOSIDIC BOND TURGOR
ELONGATION
METHOD
CREATE 5 DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF SUCROSE POLLEN TUBE GERMINATION AND ELONGATION IS ALSO
SOLUTION FROM A STOCK SOLUTION AFFECTED BY OTHER FACTORS
PLACE A MOIST PIECE OF FILTER PAPER INTO A PETRI DISH TEMPERATURE
NUTRIENTS HORMONES
TO CREATE A HUMID CHAMBER AND PH
ADD A FEW DROPS OF SUCROSE SOLUTION TO A CALCIUM
AUXIN
MICROSCOPE SLIDE BORON
ADD A FIXED VOLUME OF MINERAL SALT MEDIUM ONTO THE
MICROSCOPE SLIDE
RUB THE ANTHER OF A FLOWER USING A NEEDLE TO DROP
POLLEN GRAINS ONTO THE MICROSCOPE SLIDE
DO NOT PLACE A COVER SLIP OVER THE SAMPLES TO
VARIABLES TO CONTROL
PREVENT ANOXIC ENVIRONMENT
PLACE THE MISCROSCOPE SLIDE IN THE PETRI DISH FOR A PLANT TEMPERATURE NUTRIENT
SET AMOUNT OF TIME SPECIES AND PH MEDIUM
USING A LIGHT MICROSCOPE, EYE-PIECE GRATICULE, AND GROWTH
APPARATUS
STAGE MICROMETER, MEASURE POLLEN TUBE GROWTH OF TIME
MULTIPLE GRAINS
DETERMINE THE MEAN AND STANDARD DEVIATION AND
PLOT A TABLE OR GRAPH OF SUCROSE CONCENTRATION
AGAINST MEAN POLLEN TUBE LENGTH
RESULTS
OPTIMUM
LOW SUCROSE HIGH SUCROSE
SUCROSE
CONCENTRATION CONCENTRATION
CONCENTRATION
FAST POLLEN PLASMOLYSIS
SLOW POLLEN
GERMINATION OCCURS DUE TO
GERMINATION
AND MULTIPLE OSMOTIC EFFECTS
AND LESS AND
AND LONG AND THE POLLEN
SHORT POLLEN
POLLEN TUBE TUBE CELLS
TUBE FORMATION
FORMATION SHRINK
PAST EXAM QUESTION
