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Industrial Safety Notes

The document outlines key aspects of industrial safety, including hot and cold work permits, accident frequency rates, and the importance of safety measures to protect employees and property. It discusses various safety concepts such as accidents, injuries, unsafe acts, and the 5S methodology for housekeeping. Additionally, it highlights the roles of management, supervisors, workmen, and unions in promoting safety in the workplace.

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64 views2 pages

Industrial Safety Notes

The document outlines key aspects of industrial safety, including hot and cold work permits, accident frequency rates, and the importance of safety measures to protect employees and property. It discusses various safety concepts such as accidents, injuries, unsafe acts, and the 5S methodology for housekeeping. Additionally, it highlights the roles of management, supervisors, workmen, and unions in promoting safety in the workplace.

Uploaded by

adhithya.mea2226
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Industrial Safety – Detailed Notes for 10 Marks

1. Hot Work Permit & Cold Work Permit


Hot Work Permit: Written authorization for activities generating heat, sparks, or open flames.
Examples: welding, cutting, grinding. Hazards: fire, explosion, burns, toxic fumes. Precautions:
remove flammable materials, provide fire watch, ensure ventilation, gas monitoring in confined
spaces.
Cold Work Permit: Authorization for non-heat hazardous jobs. Examples: tank cleaning, electrical
work, mechanical maintenance. Hazards: toxic exposure, electrical shock, mechanical injury.
Precautions: lockout/tagout, PPE selection, hazard isolation.

2. Accident Frequency Rate (AFR) & Activity Rate


AFR measures how often lost-time accidents occur per million man-hours worked. Formula: AFR =
(No. of lost time cases × 1,000,000) / Total man-hours worked.
Activity Rate measures % of workers involved in accidents. Formula: Activity Rate = (No. of workers
in accidents × 100) / Average no. of workers.

3. Need for Industrial Safety


• Protects life & health of employees.
• Prevents property damage.
• Reduces downtime and improves productivity.
• Avoids legal penalties.
• Improves morale and reduces absenteeism.
• Lowers insurance costs.
• Builds company reputation.

4. Accident, Injury, Unsafe Act, Unsafe Condition & Dangerous


Occurrence
Accident: Unplanned event causing loss. Example: forklift collision.
Injury: Physical harm. Example: burn from hot metal.
Unsafe Act: Breaking safety rules. Example: removing machine guards.
Unsafe Condition: Hazard in workplace. Example: wet slippery floor.
Dangerous Occurrence: High-potential hazard. Example: scaffold collapse without injury.

5. 5S in Housekeeping – Advantages & Disadvantages


Steps: Seiri (Sort), Seiton (Set in order), Seiso (Shine), Seiketsu (Standardize), Shitsuke (Sustain).
Advantages: Improves efficiency, prevents accidents, boosts morale.
Disadvantages: Needs discipline, initial cost, resistance to change.

6. 14 Types of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)


1. Head protection
2. Eye protection
3. Face protection
4. Hearing protection
5. Respiratory protection
6. Hand protection
7. Foot protection
8. Leg protection
9. Body protection
10. Skin protection
11. Fall protection
12. Arm protection
13. Welding protection
14. Chemical protection

7. Domino Theory & Human Factors Theory


Domino Theory: Accident sequence – social environment, fault of person, unsafe act/condition,
accident, injury. Removing a domino prevents accidents.
Human Factors Theory: Accidents from human error due to overload, inappropriate response, or
inappropriate activity.

8. Roles for Safety in Industry


Management: Develop safety policies, allocate resources, provide training.
Supervisors: Enforce safety rules, identify hazards.
Workmen: Follow procedures, use PPE, report hazards.
Unions: Promote safety awareness, cooperate in safety programs.

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