Cataclysm Keith Cumins
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Cataclysm Keith Cumins
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Dedication – To the untold victims of Hitler’s war in the east; also to my
wife, Merryl, for her patience during the writing of this book.
Helion & Company Limited
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Published by Helion & Company 2011
eBook edition 2011
Designed and typeset by Farr out Publications, Wokingham, Berkshire
Cover designed by Farr out Publications, Wokingham, Berkshire
Printed by Gutenberg Press Limited, Tarxien, Malta
Text and maps © Keith Cumins 2011. Photographs as individually
credited.
ISBN 978 1 907677 23 6
eISBN 9781907677816
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Contents
List of Illustrations
List of Maps
Introduction
1 Prelude to Disaster
2 Barbarossa
3 Ebb Tide
4 Pause for Breath
5 Stalingrad
6 The End of the Beginning
7 Deceptive Calm
8 The Beginning of the End
9 Return to the Stalin Line
10 Out of Russia
11 Berlin
12 The Butcher’s Bill
Appendices
I Place Names
II Abbreviations
III German Divisional Structure 1941
IV Typical Soviet Army Structure in the Initial Phase of the War
V Axis Order of Battle for Operation Barbarossa 1941
VI Red Army Order of Battle 22 June 1941
VII Axis Order of Battle for Operation Blue 1942
VIII Red Army Order of Battle at the time of Operation Blue 1942
IX Axis Order of Battle for Operation Citadel 1943
X Red Army Order of Battle at the time of Operation Citadel 1943
XI Axis Order of Battle at the time of Operation Bagration 1944
XII Red Army Order of Battle for Operation Bagration 1944
Cataclysm Photos
Select Bibliography
List of Illustrations
In photo section.
German Commanders:
Hermann Hoth
Fedor von Bock
Ewald von Kleist
Erich von Manstein
Soviet Commanders
I S Konev
K K Rokossovsky
A M Vasilevsky
G K Zhukov
(all above images from the collection of David M. Glantz)
A knocked-out Soviet OT-26 flamethrower tank, Russia, 1941. (Marek
Tuszyński)
A dead Soviet soldier, Russia, 1941. (Marek Tuszyński)
Germans inspecting Soviet aircraft, Russia, 1941. (Marek Tuszyński)
Russia 1941 – a destroyed Soviet Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3 fighter.
(Marek Tuszyński)
Soviet prisoners, Russia, 1941. (Marek Tuszyński)
Destroyed Soviet and German aircraft, Russia 1941. (Marek
Tuszyński)
German tankers struggle to free their tank from the clutching mud
after rain, autumn 1941 (Lev Lopukhovsky)
A German Junkers Ju 52 transport plane, winter 1941/42. (Imperial
War Museum)
Soviet troops counter-attack, December 1941. (Imperial War
Museum)
A Soviet Pe-2 crew receive their mission, Kalinin Front, early 1942.
(Svetlana Gerasimova)
Two German despatch riders relax with cigarettes on the Eastern
Front, 1942. (Imperial War Museum)
German despatch riders dig out their Zundapp motorbike, Spring
1942. (Imperial War Museum)
Marines of the Soviet Northern Fleet, 1942. (Imperial War Museum)
German tanks pause in their advance to Stalingrad, September 1942.
(Imperial War Museum)
German infantry move into the outskirts of Stalingrad, September
1942. (Imperial War Museum)
A German signpost in Stalingrad. (Imperial War Museum)
Soviet soldiers fire on a German-held block of flats in Stalingrad,
Autumn 1942. (Imperial War Museum)
Advancing elements of the Soviet 158th Rifle Division, Kalinin Front
west of Rzhev, November 1942. (Svetlana Gerasimova)
A graveyard of armor, Rzhev, early 1943. (Svetlana Gerasimova)
Soviet T-60 light tanks and ski infantry move into the attack during
the Winter Offensive of 1942-43. (Imperial War Museum)
A column of German prisoners marches through Stalingrad, January
1943. (Imperial War Museum)
German units withdrawing from the city of Rzhev, March 1943.
(Svetlana Gerasimova)
Waffen-SS infantry streetfighting in Kharkov, March 1943. (Cody
Images)
Armoured vehicles belonging to 1 SS Pz Div Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler
assembled for the Battle of Kursk, summer 1943. (Cody Images)
Otto Baum and Karl Ullrich, officers from 3 SS Pz Div Totenkopf,
Kursk, July 1943. (Cody Images)
Soviet infantry on the move, summer 1943. (Cody Images)
A Hungarian soldier preparing to fire an 81mm mortar, 1943. (Cody
Images)
Finnish officers visit German defensive positions south of Lake
Ladoga, 1943. (Cody Images)
Soviet Cossack horsemen crossing a river, Spring 1944. (Imperial War
Museum)
A German 8.8cm flak gun, northern Russia, February 1944. (Cody
Images)
A German SdKfz 251/10 Ausf C half-track, February 1944. (Cody
Images)
Soviet marines in Sevastopol, the Crimea, May 1944. (Cody Images)
Rumanian mountain troops marching to the front, south of Jassy,
May 1944. (Cody Images)
The Karelian Isthmus 1944 - Finnish troops with a 7.5cm Pak 40 anti-
tank gun. (Cody Images)
50,000 German prisoners captured at Vitebesk, Minsk, and Bobruisk
during Operation Bagration are marched through Moscow, 17 July
1944. Cody Images)
A youthful member of the Polish Home Army during the Warsaw
Uprising, August 1944. (Marek Tuszyński)
Soviet infantry from 1 Baltic Front 1944 forcing the Venta River north-
west of Shyaulyay, October 1944. (Cody Images)
Soviet BM-13 Katyusha rocket launchers fire against German
positions in the winter of 1944/45. (Cody Images)
A Soviet Lend-Lease M4A2 Sherman tank in eastern Germany, 1945.
(Cody Images)
The marketplace of the Old Town, Warsaw, 1945. (Marek Tuszyński)
Troops from the Soviet-sponsered Polish LWP/Army parade through
liberated Warsaw, 19 January 1945. (Marek Tuszyński)
A Soviet T-34/85 tank moves cautiously through a German town in
the closing stages of the war, 1945. (Cody Images)
Civilians trudge through a devastated Berlin, 1945. (Cody Images)
Red Army soldiers approach Berlin’s Reichstag, May, 1945. (Cody
Images)
Colour Maps
1. Barbarossa – Outline Plan for
the Initial Phase (June-July 1941)
2. The Northern Sector 22 June-10
July 1941
3. The Southern Sector 22 June-5
August 1941
4. The Central Sector 10 July-8
August 1941
5. The Leningrad Axis: Approach to
the German High Water Mark 10
July-9 November 1941
6. The Kiev Encirclement: 8
August-21 September 1941
7. The Moscow Axis: 30
September-5 December 1941
8. Eastern Ukraine: 30 September-
21 November 1941
9. Moscow Axis: Soviet Winter
Offensive 1941/42
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