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Subjects : Physics ( Solutions ) Date : 03-08-2025

Total Marks : 344 Hours : 3 Hours

Solution : (Correct Answer: D)

Physics - Section A ( MCQ ) From graph:
F = ΔL
1. A cubical solid
aluminium (bulk modulus
= 70GP a ) block has an edge length of
dP FL
= −V Y =
dV AΔL

1m on the surface of the earth. It is kept on the floor

L
Y =
of a 5km deep ocean. Taking the average density of A

water and the acceleration due to gravity to be 62.8×10

−2

Y =
3
10 kgm and 10ms , respectively, the change in
−3 −2
π(2×10
−3
)
2

the edge length of the block in mm is . . . . . 4 2

Y = 5 × 10 N /m
A) 2.20 B) 2.38 C) 2.40 D) 2.45

Solution : (Correct Answer: B) 4. Under the same load, wire A having length 5.0 m and
dV
=
3da cross section 2.5 × 10 m stretches uniformly by−5 2

V a
the same amount as another wire B of length 6.0 m
B = −V
dP
=
−V (ρgh)
=
−ρgh
a
and a cross section of 3.0 × 10 m stretches. The −5 2

dV dV 3da
ratio of the Young's modulus of wire A to that of wire
B will be
3
9 1×5000×10 ×10×1
70 × 10 =
3×da

5 −2
A) 1 : 4 B) 1 : 1 C) 1 : 10 D) 1 : 2
da = Δa =
21
× 10 m = 2.38mm
Solution : (Correct Answer: B)
2. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as 5. The Young's modulus of a steel wire of length 6 m
Assertion A and the other is labelled as Reason R and cross-sectional area 3 mm , is 2 × 11 N /m . 2 11 2

Assertion A: Steel is used in the construction of The wire is suspended from its support on a given
buildings and bridges. planet. A block of mass 4 kg is attached to the free
Reason R : Steel is more elastic and its elastic limit is end of the wire. The acceleration due to gravity on the
high.
planet is of its value on the earth. The elongation of
1

In the light of above statements, choose the most 4

appropriate answer from the options given below wire is (Take g on the earth = 10 m/s ) :
2

A) Both A and R are correct but R is NOT the correct A) 1 cm

explanation of A B) 1 mm

B) A is not correct but R is correct C) 0.1 mm

C) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct D) 0.1 cm

explanation of A Solution : (Correct Answer: C)

D) A is correct but R is not correct Tension (F ) = mg

Solution : (Correct Answer: C) 10

= 4 × = 10 N
Concept based 4

FL
ΔL =
3. As shown in the figure, in an experiment to determine AY

Young's modulus of a wire, the extension-load curve =

10×6

is plotted. The curve is a straight line passing through

−6 11
3×10 ×2×10

the origin and makes an angle of 45 with the load ∘

= 10
−4
m = 0.1 mm
axis. The length of wire is 62.8 cm and its diameter is
4 mm. The Young's modulus is found to be x× 6. A metal block of mass m is suspended from a rigid
10 N m
4
. The value of x is
−2
support through a metal wire of diameter 14 mm.
The tensile stress developed in the wire under
equilibrium state is 7 × 10 N m . The value of 5 −2

mass m is . . . . . . kg.
(Take, g = 9.8 ms −2
and π =
22

7
)

A) 10 B) 9 C) 11 D) 7

Solution : (Correct Answer: C)

A) 4 B) 3 C) 2 D) 5
 Tensile stress, σ = 9. A wire of length L and radius r is clamped at one end.
F 4mg
=
2
A πD

2
If its other end is pulled by a force F , its length
increases by l. If the radius of the wire and the
πD σ
∴ m =
4g

−3 2 5
applied force both are reduced to half of their original
=
22
×
(14×10 ) ×7×10
values keeping original length constant, the increase
7 4×9.8
in length will become.
= 11 kg
A) 3 times
7. The length of wire becomes l and l when 100 N 1 2 B) 3/2 times
and 120 N tensions are applied respectively. If C) 4 times

10l = 11l , the natural length of wire will be l . D) 2 times

1
2 1 1
x

Here the value of x is ........ Solution : (Correct Answer: D)

stress
Y =
A) 8 B) 2 C) 6 D) 4 strain

Solution : (Correct Answer: B) F

r2

Let the original length be ' ℓ ' 0

Y =
ℓ

When T 1 = 100 N , Extension = ℓ 1 − ℓ0

2 ℓ
F = Yπr × . . . . . . . . . . . (i)

When T , Extension = ℓ
L

2 = 120 N 2 − ℓ0
2
πr /4

Then 100 = K (ℓ 1 − ℓ0 ) Y =
Δℓ

And 120 = K (ℓ 2 − ℓ0 )
F = Y
Δℓ
× 2 ×
πr
2

L 4

1 5 ℓ1 −ℓ0
⇒ =
2 6 ℓ2 −ℓ0 From (i)

2
5ℓ2 − 5ℓ0 = 6ℓ1 − 6ℓ0 2 ℓ Δℓ πr
Yπr = Y
L L 2

ℓ0 = 6ℓ1 − 5ℓ2
Δℓ = 2ℓ

11ℓ1
ℓ0 = 6ℓ1 − 5 ( )
10 10. Two metallic wires P and Q have same volume and
11ℓ1
are made up of same material. If their area of cross
ℓ0 = 6ℓ1 −
2 sections are in the ratio 4 : 1 and force F is applied 1

ℓ1 to P, an extension of Δl is produced. The force which

ℓ0 =
2 is required to produce same extension in Q is F .The 2

value of is__________.
F1
∴ x = 2
F2

8. A wire of length L and radius r is clamped rigidly at A) 16 B) 14 C) 20 D) 50

one end. When the other end of the wire is pulled by Solution : (Correct Answer: A)
a force f , its length increases by l. Another wire of Y =
Stress
=
F/A
=
Fℓ

same material of length 2L and radius 2r is pulled by Strain Δℓ/ℓ AΔℓ

a force 2f . Then the increase in its length will be Δℓ =

Fℓ

AY

A) 2l B) l C) 4 l D) l/2
V

Solution : (Correct Answer: B) V = Aℓ ⇒ ℓ =

A

2f ′
ℓ FV
= Y Δℓ =
2 2L 2
π(2r)
A Y

& V is same for both the wires

′
2 2ℓ ′
⇒ = ⇒ ℓ = ℓ Y
1 ℓ

F
Δℓ ∝ 2
A

2
Δℓ1 F1 A
2
= ×
2 F2
Δℓ2 A
1

Δℓ1 = Δℓ2

2 2
F1 A2 = F2 A1

2 2
F1 A
1 4
= 2
= ( ) = 16
F2 1
A
2
11. Young's modules of material of a wire of length ' L '
FL
ΔL =
AY

and cross-sectional area A is Y . If the length of the ΔL F

wire is doubled and cross-sectional area is halved L

=
AY

then Young's modules will be : ΔL

1

L1 F1 30

A) Y
ΔL
2
=
F2
=
10
= 3
4

B)
L
2
4 Y

C) Y

D) 2 Y

Solution : (Correct Answer: C)

Young's modulus depends on the material not length
and cross sectional area. So young's modulus remains
same.

12. Each of three blocks P , Q and R shown in figure has 14. A wire of cross sectional area A, modulus of elasticity
a mass of 3 kg. Each of the wire A and B has cross- 2 × 10 Nm and length 2 m is stretched between
11 −2

sectional area 0.005 cm and Young's modulus2

two vertical rigid supports. When a mass of 2 kg is
2 × 10 N m
11
. Neglecting friction, the longitudinal
−2 suspended at the middle it sags lower from its
strain on wire B is____________ ×10 . ( Take −4 original position making angle θ = radian on the 1

100

g = 10 m/s ) points of support. The value of A is. . . . . .

2 −4 2
×10 m

(consider x < L ).
(given: g = 10 m/s ) 2

A) 7 B) 5 C) 4 D) 2
A) 4 B) 5 C) 1 D) 3
Solution : (Correct Answer: D) Solution : (Correct Answer: C)
10
In vertical derection 2 T sin θ = 20
2
a = m/s
3

30 − T1 = 3 × a using small angle approximation sin θ = θ

1
T1 = 20 N θ =
100

stress
strain = 10
Y ∴ T =
θ

−4
= 2 × 10
T = 1000 N

Change in length ΔL 2
= 2√x + L − 2 L
2

2
x
= 2 L [1 + − 1]
2
2 L

2
x
ΔL =
L

∴ Modulus of elasticity = stress

strain

3
11 10

13. One end of a metal wire is fixed to a ceiling and a load 2 × 10 =

A×
x2
× 2 L

of 2 kg hangs from the other end. A similar wire is L

attached to the bottom of the load and another load ∴ A = 1 × 10

−4
m
2

of 1 kg hangs from this lower wire. Then the ratio of

longitudinal strain of upper wire to that of the lower
wire will be____________.
[Area of cross section of wire = 0.005 cm , 2

Y = 2 × 10 Nm and g = 10 ms ]
11 −2 −2

A) 5 B) 10 C) 8 D) 3

Solution : (Correct Answer: D)

15. Two persons pull a wire towards themselves. Each 17. A steel wire of diameter 0.5mm and Young's modulus
person exerts a force of 200 N on the wire. Young's 2 × 10 Nm
11
carries a load of mass M . The length
−2

modulus of the material of wire is 1 × 10 N m . 11 −2

of the wire with the load is 1.0m. A vernier scale with
Original length of the wire is 2 m and the area of 10 divisions is attached to the end of this wire. Next to

cross section is 2 cm . The wire will extend in length

2
the steel wire is a reference wire to which a main
by . . . . . . . .μm. scale, of least count 1.0mm, is attached. The 10
divisions of the vernier scale correspond to 9 divisions
A) 17 B) 18 C) 20 D) 21
of the main scale. Initially, the zero of vernier scale
Solution : (Correct Answer: C)
F Δℓ Fℓ
coincides with the zero of main scale. If the load on
= Y ⇒ Δℓ =
A ℓ AY the steel wire is increased by 1.2kg, the vernier scale
200×2 −5 division which coincides with a main scale division is. .
Δℓ = = 2 × 10 = 20μ
2×10
−4
×10
11
. . Take g = 10ms and π = 3.2. −2

A) 3 B) 5 C) 8 D) 9

Solution : (Correct Answer: A)

16. Consider a thin square plate floating on a viscous Diameter d = 0.5mm
liquid in a large tank. The height h of the liquid in the 11 2
Y = 2 × 10 N /m
tank is much less than the width of the tank. The
floating plate is pulled horizontally with a constant Strain = Stress

velocity u . Which of the following statements is (are)

0
Y

true? ΔL

L
=
AY
F

(A) The resistive force of liquid on the plate is

FL 1.2×10×1

inversely proportional to h ΔL =
AY
=
(0.5×10−3 )
2

(B) The resistive force of liquid on the plate is

11
3.2× ×2×10
4

independent of the area of the plate 12 −5

ΔL = = 30 × 10 = 0.3mm
(C) The tangential (shear) stress on the floor of the
5
1.6×0.25×10

tank increases with u 0

L. [Link] Vernier scale = 0.1mm Number of division
(D) The tangential (shear) stress on the plate varies
which coincide with main scale = 3.
linearly with the viscosity η of the liquid
A) A, B, C B) A, B C) A, C, D D) A, C
18. A block of weight 100N is suspended by copper and
steel wires of same cross sectional area 0.5cm and, 2

Solution : (Correct Answer: C)

length √3m and 1m, respectively. Their other ends
Viscous force F = −ηA
dv

dh are fixed on a ceiling as shown in figure. The angles

u0 subtended by copper and steel wires with ceiling are
F = ηA ( )
30 and 60 , respectively. If elongation in copper wire
∘ ∘
h

1 is (Δℓ ) and elongation in steel wire is (Δℓ ), then

C s
⇒ F ∝
the ratio is. . . . . .
h ΔℓC

ΔℓS

Shear stress = F

A
∝ u0
[Young's modulus for copper and steel are
N /m and 2 × 10 N /m respectively]
11 2 11 2
F 1 × 10
∝ η
A

A) 1 B) 0 C) 2 D) 3

Solution : (Correct Answer: C)

Let T = tension in steel wire T
S C = Tension in copper
wire in x direction
∘ ∘
TC cos 30 = TS cos 60

√3 1
TC × = TS ×
2 2

√3TC = TS … . (i)

in y direction
∘ ∘
TC sin 30 + TS sin 60 = 100
 TC
+
TS √3
= 100 … . (ii)
B) (A, C)
2 2
C) (B, C)

Solving equation (i) & (ii) D) (B, D)

TC = 50N
Solution : (Correct Answer: A)
stress
Y =
strain
TS = 50√3N
1 strain 1 1
⇒ = ⇒ > ⇒ YP
We know Y stress YP Yθ

FL
21. A 100 m long wire having cross-sectional area
ΔL =
m and Young's modulus is 10
AY −4 2 10 −2
6.25 × 10 Nm

=
ΔLC
=
T C LC
×
AS Y S
is subjected to a load of 250 N , then the elongation in
ΔLS AC Y C T S LS
the wire will be :
On solving above equation A) 6.25 × 10
−3
m

ΔLC
= 2
B) 4 × 10
−4
m
ΔLS
C) 6.25 × 10
−6
m

Ans. 2.00 D) 4 × 10
−3
m

Solution : (Correct Answer: D)

Elongation in wire δ = Fℓ

AY

250×100
δ =
−4 10
6.25×10 ×10

−3
δ = 4 × 10 m

22. Choose the correct relationship between Poisson ratio

19. One end of a horizontal thick copper wire of length (σ). bulk modulus (K) and modulus of rigidity (η) of

2L and radius 2R is welded to an end of another a given solid object:

horizontal thin copper wire of length L and radius R. A) 3K−2η
σ =
When the arrangement is stretched by a applying 6K+2η

forces at two ends, the ratio of the elongation in the B) σ =

6K+2η

3K−2η
thin wire to that in the thick wire is : C) 3K+2η
σ =
A) B) C) D)
6K+2η
0.25 0.50 2.00 4.00
D) 6K−2η

Solution : (Correct Answer: C) σ =

3K−2η

(
F
) Solution : (Correct Answer: A)
...............(i)
A

Y =
Δℓ
1 Y = 3η(1 + σ)
L

F
Y = 3K(1 − σ)
( )

.................(ii)
4A

Y =
Δℓ
2 ⇒ 2η(1 + σ) = 3K(1 − 2σ)
2L

3K−2η
Δℓ1
⇒ σ = ( )
= 2 6K+2η
Δℓ2

20. In plotting stress versus strain curves for two 23. A force is applied to a steel wire ' A ', rigidly clamped
materials P and Q, a student by mistake puts strain at one end. As a result elongation in the wire is
on the y-axis and stress on the x-axis as shown in the 0.2 mm. If same force is applied to another steel wire

figure. Then the correct statement(s) is(are) ' B ' of double the length and a diameter 2.4 times
(A) P has more tensile strength than Q that of the wire ' A ', the elongation in the wire ' B '
(B) P is more ductile than Q will be . . . . . . . . . . . . ×10 mm (wires having −2

(C) P is more brittle than Q

uniform circular cross sections)
(D) The Young's modulus of P is more than that of Q A) 6.06 B) 2.77 C) 3.0 D) 6.9

Solution : (Correct Answer: D)

F /A
Y =
Δℓ

YA
⇒ F = Δℓ
ℓ

AΔℓ AΔℓ Δℓ2 A1 ℓ2

( ) = ( ) ⇒ = ×
ℓ ℓ Δℓ1 A2 ℓ1
1 2

Δℓ2 1 2 −2
⇒ = × ⇒ Δℓ2 = 6.9 × 10 mm
A) (A, B) 0.2 2.4×2.4 1
24. A certain pressure P is applied to 1 litre of water and 27. Two wires each of radius 0.2 cm and negligible mass,
2 litre of a liquid separately. Water gets compressed one made of steel and other made of brass are
to 0.01% whereas the liquid gets compressed to loaded as shown in the figure. The elongation of the
0.03%. The ratio of Bulk modulus of water to that of steel wire is . . . . . . . . . ×10 m. [Young's modulus
−6

the liquid is . The value of x is . . . . . . . . . . .

3

x
for steel = 2 × 10 N m and g = 10 ms ]
11 −2 −2

A) 0.5 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3

Solution : (Correct Answer: B)

−ΔP −ΔP
Bwater = =
ΔV 0.01
( )
V 100

−ΔP
Bliquid =
0.03

100

Bwater
A) 10 B) 5 C) 4 D) 20

Bliquid
= 3 Solution : (Correct Answer: D)
Tension in steel wire T2 = 2g + T1
x = 1

T2 = 20 + 11.4

25. A steel rod has a radius of 20 mm and a length of

= 31.4 N
2.0 m. A force of 62.8 kN stretches it along its

length. Young's modulus of steel is 2.0 × 10 N /m . 11 2

Elongation in steel wire ΔL =
T2 L

The longitudinal strain produced in the wire is

Ay

−5 31.4×1.6
. . . . . . . . . . ×10 ΔL = 2
−2 11
π(0.2×10 ) ×2×10

A) 24 B) 23 C) 22 D) 25

Solution : (Correct Answer: D)

16
ΔL =
−5 11
2×4×10 ×10
3
62.8×10

π×(0.02)2 −5
stress
Strain = = = 2 × 10 m
Y 11
2×10
−6
3 = 20 × 10 m
62.8×10
=
−4 11
3.14×4×10 ×2×10

−4
= 2.5 × 10

−5
= 25 × 10

26. An aluminium rod with Young's modulus Y = 7.0

N /m undergoes elastic strain of 0.04%. The
10 2
×10

energy per unit volume stored in the rod in SI unit is:

A) 5600 B) 8400 C) 2800 D) 11200

Solution : (Correct Answer: A)

Y = 7 × 10
10
N /m
2 28. Young's moduli of the material of wires A and B are
in the ratio of 1 : 4, while its area of cross sections are
Strain =
0.04

100
in the ratio of 1 : 3. If the same amount of load is
applied to both the wires, the amount of elongation
Energy =
1

2
(
YA

l
) Δx
2
produced in the wires A and B will be in the ratio of
[Assume length of wires A and B are same]
2

Energy =
1

2
Y A(
Δx

l
) × l A) 36 : 1

B) 12 : 1
E

V
=
1

2
× Y × strain
2
C) 1 : 36

D) 1 : 12

Solution : (Correct Answer: B)

1 10 0.04×0.04 2
= × 7 × 10 × = 56 × 10
2 4
10
FL
ΔL =
AY

ΔLA AB YB
= = 12
ΔLB AA YA

29. The elastic potential energy stored in a steel wire of

length 20 m stretched through 2 m is 80 J . The cross
sectional area of the wire is . . . . . . . . . mm (Given, 2

y = 2.0 × 10 Nm )
11 −2

A) 38 B) 36 C) 40 D) 34
 Solution : (Correct Answer: C) ΔP = −β
ΔV

Energy per unit volume = 1

2
stress × strain
ΔV
ρgh = −β
V
Energy = 1

2
stress × strain × volume
3 8 0.02
10 × 10 × h = −9 × 10 × (− )
1 2 100
80 = × Y × strain A × ℓ
2

−2 2 ⇒ h = 18 m
(2×10 )
1 11
80 =
2
× 2 × 10 ×
400
× A × 20
33. Two blocks of mass 2 kg and 4 kg are connected by a
10
+′ metal wire going over a smooth pulley as shown in
20 = × A
20
figure. The radius of wire is 4.0 × 10 m and
−5

40 × 10
−6
m
2
= A Young's modulus of the metal is 2.0 × 10 N/m . 11 2

2
The longitudinal strain developed in the wire is . 1

απ
A = 40 mm
The value of is [Use
α g = 10 m/s ) 2

30. If average depth of an ocean is 4000 m and the bulk

modulus of water is 2 × 10 Nm , then fractional 9 −2

compression of water at the bottom of ocean is

ΔV

α × 10
−2
. The value of α is ___________(Given,
g = 10 ms
−2
, ρ = 1000 kg m
−3
)
A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 7

Solution : (Correct Answer: B)

ΔP A) 9 B) 10 C) 11 D) 12
B = −
(
ΔV

V
) Solution : (Correct Answer: D)
2 m1 m2 80
T = ( )g = N
ΔV ρgh m1 +m2
1000×10×4000 3
−( ) = =
B 9
V 2×10
2 −10 2
A = πr = 16π × 10 m
−2
= 2 × 10 [−ve sign represent compression ]
Δℓ F T
Strain = = =

31. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as

ℓ AY AY

Assertion(A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R). =

80/3

−10 11
=
1

12π

Assertion (A) : In Vernier calliper if positive zero

16π×10 ×2×10

error exists, then while taking measurements, the α = 12

reading taken will be more than the actual reading.

34. With rise in temperature, the Young's modulus of
Reason (R) : The zero error in Vernier Calliper might
elasticity
have happened due to manufacturing defect or due
to rough handling. A) changes erratically
In the light of the above statements, choose the B) decreases
correct answer from the options given below : C) increases
D) remains unchanged
A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the
Solution : (Correct Answer: B)
correct explanation of (A)
Conceptual questions
B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A) 35. The density and breaking stress of a wire are 6×
C) (A) is true but (R) is false 4
10 kg/m and 1.2 × 10 N/m respectively. The
3 8 2

D) (A) is false but (R) is true wire is suspended from a rigid support on a planet
Solution : (Correct Answer: B) where acceleration due to gravity is of the value 1
rd

Assertion Reason both are correct Theory 3

on the surface of earth. The maximum length of the

32. The depth below the surface of sea to which a rubber wire with breaking is ............ m (take, g = 10 m/s ) 2

ball be taken so as to decrease its volume by 0.02% A) 600 B) 700 C) 800 D) 900
is______ m. Solution : (Correct Answer: A)
(Take density of sea water = 10 kgm , Bulk 3 −3

T = mg
modulus of rubber = 9 × 10 Nm , and 8 −2

mg
T
g = 10 ms ) −2
σ =
A
=
A

A) 15 B) 16 C) 17 D) 18 (σAℓ)g

Solution : (Correct Answer: D) A

−ΔP
β =
ΔV

V
 8

⇒ ℓ =
σ

ρg
=
1.2×10 ×3

4
= 600 37. Young's modulus is determined by the equation given
6×10 ×10

by Y = 49000 where M is the mass and ℓ is

dyne
m
2
ℓ cm

the extension of wre used in the experiment. Now

error in Young modules (Y) is estimated by taking
data from M − ℓ plot in graph paper. The smallest
scale divisions are 5 g and 0.02 cm along load axis
and extension axis respectively. If the value of M and
ℓ are 500 g and 2 cm respectively then percentage

error of Y is :
A) 0.2%

B) 0.02%

36. Match List-I with List-I I : C) 2%

List-I List-I I D) 0.5%

(A) A force thatrestores anelastic (I ) Solution : (Correct Answer: C)

ΔY Δm Δℓ

body of unit area to its original state Bulkmodulus Y

=
m
+
ℓ

(B) Two equal andopposite (I I ) =

5
+
0.02
= 0.01 + 0.01
forcesparallel toopposite faces Young'smodulus
500 2

ΔY ΔY

(C)Forcesperpendiculareverywhere
= 0.02 ⇒ % = 2%
Y Y

tothe surface perunit (I I I ) Stress

areasameeverywhere 38. A 0.1 kg mass is suspended from a wire of negligible
mass. The length of the wire is 1 m and its
(D)Two equal andopposite (I V )
crosssectional area is 4.9 × 10 m . If the mass is −7 2

forceperpendicular toopposite faces Shearmodulus

pulled a little in the vertically downward direction and
Choose the correct answer from the options given released, it performs simple harmonic motion of
below: angular frequency 140 rads . If the Young's −1

A) (A) − (I I ), (B) − (I V ), (C) − (I ), (D) − (I I I ) modulus of the material of the wire is n × 10 Nm , 9 −2

B) (A) − (I V ), (B) − (I I ), (C) − (I I I ), (D) − (I ) the value of n is

C) (A) − (I I I ), (B) − (I V ), (C) − (I ), (D) − (I I )
A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 5
D) (A) − (I I I ), (B) − (I ), (C) − (I I ), (D) − (I V )
Solution : (Correct Answer: C)
Solution : (Correct Answer: C) YA
ω = √
mL

39. The bulk modulus of a gas is defined as

B = −V dp/dV . For an adiabatic process the
variation of B is proportional to p . For an ideal gas n n

is
A) zero B) 1 C) 5/3 D) 2

Solution : (Correct Answer: B)

(b)
Adiabatic bulk modulus for an ideal gas is
dp dp
K = = −V ( )
−dV /V dV

= γP … (i)

Now given,
n
K ∝ p … (ii)

∴ From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we have

⇒ n = 1
40. A stone of mass 20 g is projected from a rubber m = 20 kg

catapult of length 0.1 m and area of cross section A = 0.4 m

2

m stretched by an amount 0.04 m. The velocity

−6 2
10

of the projected stone is . . . . m /s. (Young's modulus 1 = 20 m

of rubber = 0.5 × 10 N /m ) 9 2
let extension is dy in length dx
A) 10 B) 15 C) 25 D) 20 Y =
stress

Solution : (Correct Answer: D)

strain

T
1 2 1 YA 2
dx
⋅ k ⋅ x = ⋅ ⋅ x A T
2 2 L Y = = ⋅
d A dy
dx

By energy conservation T dx
dy =
1 YA 1 AY
2 2
⋅ ⋅ x = mv
2 L 2
Tension at a distance x from lower end =
mg
x
9 −6 2 ℓ
0.5×10 ×10 ×(0.04) 20 2
= v
So. ∫
0.1 1000 Δl ℓ mg dx
dy = ∫ x
0 0 ℓ AY
2
∴ v = 400
ℓ
mg 2
x
v = 20m/s Δℓ = [ ]
ℓAY 2
0

41. The elongation of a wire on the surface of the earth is Δℓ =

mgℓ

2 AY
m. The same wire of same dimensions is
−4
10
20×10×20
elongated by 6 × 10 m on another planet. The −5
Δℓ =
2×0.4×2×10
11

acceleration due to gravity on the planet will be −11

… ms . (Take acceleration due to gravity on the

−2 2500 × 10

surface of earth = 10 m/s ) −2

Δℓ = 25 × 10
−9

A) 0 B) 2 C) 4 D) 6
= x × 10
−9

Solution : (Correct Answer: D)

Δℓ ∝ g

gearth −4
Δℓearth 10
= =
Δℓplanet gplanet −5
6×10

−2
gplanet = 6 m/s

Ans. 6.00
44. A string of area of cross-section 4 mm and length 2

42. A wire of length L and radius r is clamped rigidly at 0.5 is connected with a rigid body of mass 2 kg. The
one end. When the other end of the wire is pulled by body is rotated in a vertical circular path of radius
a force F , its length increases by 5 cm. Another wire 0.5 m. The body acquires a speed of 5 m/s at the
of the same material of length 4L and radius 4 r is bottom of the circular path. Strain produced in the
pulled by a force 4 F under same conditions. The string when the body is at the bottom of the circle is
increase in length of this wire is . . . . cm. … . . ×10 . (Use Young's modulus 10 N /m and
−5 11 2

A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 g = 10 m/s )
2

Solution : (Correct Answer: D) A) 29 B) 300 C) 30 D) 303

Fℓ Fℓ
Δℓ1 =
AY
=
πr Y
2
= 5 cm
Solution : (Correct Answer: C)
4F 4ℓ Fℓ
Strain = F/AY
Δℓ2 = 2
= 2
= 5 cm
π16r Y πr Y
2
mv
mg+
R

43. A uniform heavy rod of mass 20 kg. Cross sectional =

AY

area 0.4 m and length 20 m is hanging from a fixed

2
2(5)
2

20+
support. Neglecting the lateral contraction, the =
−6
0.5

11
= 30 × 10
−5

elongation in the rod due to its own weight is 3×10 ×10

m. The value of x is
−9
x × 10

(Given. Young's modulus Y = 2 × 10 N m અને 11 −2

−2
g = 10 ms )

A) 28 B) 25 C) 24 D) 23

Solution : (Correct Answer: B)

T dx
Y =
A dy
 y y

45. The force required to stretch a wire of crosssection 1 −

3k
=
η
− 2

1cm to double its length will be ........ ×10 N

2 7
y y
= 3 −
(Given Yong's modulus of the wire = 2 × 10 N /m 11 2
3k η

) y
=
3η−y

3k η

A) 1 B) 1.5 C) 2 D) 2.5
ηy

Solution : (Correct Answer: C) 3k

= 3η − y

Δl
F = YA ηy
l k =
9η−3y

2l−l
48. A uniform metallic wire is elongated by 0.04 m when
11 −4
= 2 × 10 × 10 ( )
l

subjected to a linear force F . The elongation, if its

length and diameter is doubled and subjected to the
7
= 2 × 10 N

same force will be ..... cm.

46. A cube of metal is subjected to a hydrostatic pressure
of 4 GP a. The percentage change in the length of A) 2 B) 0 C) 1 D) 4

the side of the cube is close to.......% Solution : (Correct Answer: A)

Δℓ
(Given bulk modulus of metal, B = 8 × 10 P a ) 10
F = Y.A
ℓ

A) 0.6 B) 1.67 C) 5 D) 20
Δℓ =
F
⋅ ℓ
Solution : (Correct Answer: B) Y .A

ΔP Fℓ
B = − Δℓ =
2
ΔV Y ⋅πr
V

ℓ
ΔV ΔP
Δℓ ∝
∣ ∣ = r
2

∣ V
∣ B

2
9 Δℓ2 ℓ2 r1
4×10 1 = ( )( )
= = Δℓ1 ℓ1 r2
10
8×10 20

1 2
Δℓ 1 ΔV 1
= × = = (2)( )
2
ℓ 3 V 60

Δℓ2 1
Percentage change = Δℓ

ℓ
× 100% Δℓ1
=
2

100 Δℓ1
= % = 1.67% Δℓ2 =
60 2

47. If Y , K and η are the values of Young's modulus, bulk

0.04
=
2

modulus and modulus of rigidity of any material

= 0.02 m
respectively. Choose the correct relation for these
parameters. Δℓ2 = 2 cm

A) Y =
9Kη
N /m
2

3K−η

B) η =
3Y K
N /m
2

9K+Y

C) Y =
9Kη
N /m
2

2η+3K 49. Wires W and W are made of same material having

1 2

D) K =
Yη
N /m
2
the breaking stress of 1.25 × 10 N /m W and W 9 2
1 2
9η−3Y

Solution : (Correct Answer: D) have cross-sectional area of 8 × 10 m and −7 2

Younge modulus, K - Bulk modulus, m , respectively. Masses of 20 kg and 10 kg

−7 2
Y− 4 × 10

hang from them as shown in the figure. The

η - modulus of rigidity maximum mass that can be placed in the pan without
We know that breaking the wires is . . . . . kg (Use g = 10 m/s ) 2

y = 3k(1 − 2σ)

1 y
σ = (1 − ) . . . . . . . . . (i)
2 3k

y = 2η(1 + σ)

y
σ = − 1 . . . . . . . . (ii)

A) B) C) D)
2η
50 40 400 500

From Eq.(i) and Eq. (ii) Solution : (Correct Answer: B)

Tlmax

1 Y y B ⋅ S1 = ⇒ T1max = 8 × 1.25 × 100

−7
(1 − ) = − 1 8×10
2 3k 2η

= 1000 N
 T2 max F ℓ1 F ℓ2
B ⋅ S2 = ⇒ T2 max = 4 × 1.25 × 100 + = Δℓ
−7
4×10 A1 y 1 A2 y 2

Δℓ 2
= 500 N F = = 1.54 × 10 = 154
ℓ ℓ
1 2
+
500−100 A y A y
1 1 2 2
m = = 40 kg
10

50. The elastic behaviour of material for linear streass

and linear strain, is shown in the figure. The energy
density for a linear strain of 5 × 10 is … kJ /m . −4 3

Assume that material is elastic upto the linear strain

of 5 × 10 . −4

53. In an experiment to determine the Young's modulus,

steel wires of five different lengths (1, 2, 3, 4 and
5 m) but of same cross section (2 mm ) were taken
2

and curves between extension and load were

obtained. The slope (extension/load) of the curves
were plotted with the wire length and the following
graph is obtained. If the Young's modulus of given
A) 35 B) −35 C) 25 D) −25
steel wires is x × 10 N m , then the value of x is 11 −2

Solution : (Correct Answer: C)

stress 10
y = = 2.0 × 10
strain

Energy density = 1

2
stress × strain

2
1 2 1 −4 10
= ( strain ) y = (5 × 10 ) × 20 × 10
2 2

2 kJ
= 25 × 10 × 10 = 25
3
m

Ans. 25

51. The area of cross section of the rope used to lift a

load by a crane is 2.5 × 10 m . The maximum −4 2

A) 20 B) 2 C) 23 D) 21
lifting capacity of the crane is 10 metric tons. To Solution : (Correct Answer: B)
increase the lifting capacity of the crane to 25 metric Δl/W Δl/L

tons, the required area of cross section of the rope Slope = L

=
w
=
YA
1

should be.. . . . . . . . . ×10 m (take g = 10 ms )

−4 2 −2

Y =
1

(slope) A

A) 6.25 B) 10 C) 1 D) 1.67

Solution : (Correct Answer: A)

1
Y =
−6 −5
2×10 (0.25×10 )

Since breaking stress (Maximum lifting capacity) is the

property of material so it will remain same. breaking
11 2
Y = 2 × 10 N /m

stress =
Maximum lifting capacity 10 25
=
Area of cross section of rope 2.5×10
−4 A 54. A square aluminium (shear modulus is
A = 625 × 10
−6 25 × 10 N m ) slab of side 60 cm and thickness
9 −2

15 cm is subjected to a shearing force (on its narrow

face) of 18.0 × 10 N . The lower edge is riveted to

−4 2 4
= 6.25 × 10 m

the floor. The displacement of the upper edge is

52. A steel of wire length . . . . . . . μ m.
) and a copper wire of
11 −2
3.2m (Y = 2.0 × 10
S
Nm
A) 24 B) 12 C) 48 D) 96
length 4.4 M (Y = 1.1 × 10 N m ), both of 11 −2
C
Solution : (Correct Answer: C)
radius 1.4 mm are connected end to end. When F x Fℓ
= η ⇒ = x
stretched by a load, the net elongation is found to be A ℓ An

1.4 mm. The load applied, in Newton, will be. (Given 18×10 ×60×10
4 −2

x =
π = ) 22

7
60×10
−2
×15×10
−2
×25×10
9

−6

A) 360 B) 180 C) 1080 D) 154

= 48 × 10 m = 48 μm

Solution : (Correct Answer: D)

Δℓ1 + Δℓ2 = Δℓ
55. A metal wire of length 0.5m and cross-sectional area 58. A horizontal steel railroad track has a length of 100 m
10 m has breaking stress 5 × 10 N m
−4 2
. A block 8 −2
, when the temperature is 25 C . The track is ∘

of 10 kg is attached at one end of the string and is constrained from expanding or bending. The stress
rotating in a horizontal circle. The maximum linear on the track on a hot summer day, when the
velocity of block will be ms . −1
temperature is 40 C is ............. ×10 P a (Note : The
∘ 7

A) 49 B) 48 C) 46 D) 50
linear coefficient of thermal expansion for steel is
/ C and the Young's modulus of steel is
−5 ∘

Solution : (Correct Answer: D) 1.1 × 10

Pa )
11
mv
2
10×v
2
2
2 × 10
T = = = 20 v
ℓ 0.5
A) 6.6 B) 8.8 C) 3.3 D) 5.5
Tmax = Breaking stress × Area Solution : (Correct Answer: C)
= 5 × 10
8
× 10
−4
= 5 × 10
4 (c)
2 4 As the steel rail is contrained from expansion, the
20 V = 5 × 10
expansion pressure causes stress in the steel rail.
1 4
V = √
4
10 = 50 m/s Thermal stress depends upon coefficient of expansion α
and rise of temperature ΔT .
56. If the length of a wire is made double and radius is
halved of its respective values. Then, the Young's ∴ 'Thermal stress, σ ∝ αΔT
modules of the material of the wire will : ⇒ σ = Y ⋅ α ⋅ ΔT (where, Y = Young's modulus)
A) Remains same ∴ σ = 2 × 10
11
× 11 × 10
−5
× (40 − 25)
B) Become 8 times its initial value
C) Become
7

of its initial value

th
1 = 3.3 × 10 Pa
4

D) Become 4 times its initial value 59. Two wires of same length and radius are joined end
Solution : (Correct Answer: A) to end and loaded. The Young's modulii of the
Y depends on material of wire materials of the two wires are Y and Y . The 1 2

combination behaves as a single wire then its Young's

57. A metal rod of cross-sectional area 10 m is −4 2

modulus is:
hanging in a chamber kept at 20 C with a weight ∘

attached to its free end. The coefficient of thermal A) y =

Y1 Y2

Y1 +Y2

expansion of the rod is 2.5 × 10 K and its −6 −1

B) y =
2Y1 Y2

Young's modulus is 4 × 10 N /m . When the 12 2 3(Y1 +Y2 )

C) 2Y1 Y2

temperature of the chamber is lowered to T , then a Y =

Y1 +Y2

weight of 5000 N needs to be attached to the rod, so D) Y =

Y1 Y2

that its length is unchanged. Then, T is ............ C ∘ 2(Y1 +Y2 )

Solution : (Correct Answer: C)

A) 15 B) 12 C) 5 D) 0 In series combination Δl = l 1
+ l2

Solution : (Correct Answer: A) F /A

(a)Length of rod given remains unchanged. This means Y =
Δl/l
⇒ Δl =
Fl

AY

contraction due to cooling is equals to elongation due to

hanging of weight.
l
⇒ Δl ∝
Y

As, thermal strain = strain caused by Equivalent length of rod after joining is = 2l
αΔθ =
Δl
As, lengths are same and force is also same in series
l

Δl F Fl
Δl = Δl1 + Δl2
⇒ Δθ = = (∵ Y = )
lα YA AΔl
l eq l l 2l l l
= + ⇒ = +
5000 Yeq Y1 Y2 Y Y1 Y2
∘
⇒ Δθ = = 5 C
12 −4 −6
4×10 ×10 ×2.5×10
2Y1 Y2
∴ Y =
Note Δθ in K is same as Δθ in ∘
C . Y1 +Y2

∴ 20 − T = 5 C or T = 15 C
∘ ∘
60. Consider two wires of same material having their
ratio of radii to be 2 : 1. If these two wires are
stretched by equal force, then the ratio of stress
produced in them is
A) 1
B) 1
C) 3
D) 1
4 2 4

Solution : (Correct Answer: A)

(a)
 Let r and r be the radii of two wires, then
1 2 For B E

2
= y
4mm
. . . . . . . . . . (2)
π⋅16r b

r1 2
=
r2 1 ∴ (1)/(2)

(given) 16 =
2b

4a

We know that,stress = F

A
a
=
1

b 32

As force applied is same, so = 32

2

64. The area of cross-section of a railway track is 0.01 m .

(Stress)1 πr
=
A2 2 2
=
2
(Stress)2 A1
The temperature variation is 10 C . Coefficient of
πr
1 ∘

r2
2
1
2
1 linear expansion of material of track is 10 / C . The −5 ∘

= ( ) = ( ) =
r1 2 4
energy stored per meter in the track is ...... J /m.
61. Two steel wires having same length are suspended (Young's modulus of material of track is 10 N m )) 11 −2

from a ceiling under the same load. If the ratio of A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7

their energy stored per unit volume is 1 : 4, the ratio Solution : (Correct Answer: B)
of their diameters is
Elastic energy = Y

2
( strain ) ×
2
Area × length
A) 1 : √2 B) 1 : 2 C) 2 : 1 D) √2 : 1

Solution : (Correct Answer: D) Elastic energy per unit length = Y

2
( strain ) ×
2
Area
2
Energystored ( Stress )
1
= Δℓ −5 −4
Volume 2 Y ( strain = = αΔT = 10 × 10 = 10 )
ℓ

u1 1
= ⇒ 4u1 = u2 11
u2 4 2
10 −4 −2
= × (10 ) × 10 = 5 J /m
2
2 2

1 W⋅4 1 W⋅4
4
2Y
[
πd
2
1
] =
2Y
[
πd
2
2
]
65. The bulk moduli of ethanol, mercury and water are
given as 0.9, 25 and 2.2 respectively in units of
4 = (
d1
)
4 9
10 N m . For a given value of pressure, the
−2

d2
fractional compression in volume is . Which of the ΔV

following statements about for these three

d1 ΔV
⇒ = √2 : 1
d2 V

liquids is correct ?
62. A body of mass m = 10 kg is attached to one end of
a wire of length 0.3 m. The maximum angular speed A) Ethanol > Water > Mercury
B) Water > Ethanol > Mercury
(in rad s ) with which it can be rotated about its
−1

C) Mercury > Ethanol > Water

other end in space station is (Breaking stress of wire
D) Ethanol > Mercury > Water
and area of cross-section of the
7 −2

Solution : (Correct Answer: A)

= 4.8 × 10 Nm

wire = 10 cm ) is −2 2
1
Compressibility =

A) B) C) D)
Bulk modulus
8 7 11 4

Solution : (Correct Answer: D) As bulk modulus is least for ethanol (0.9) and maximum
T = mω ℓ
2
for mercury (25) among ehtanol, mercury and water.
2
Hence
Breaking stress = T
=
mo ℓ

compression in volume
A A ΔV

V
7 −2 −4
4.8×10 ×(10 ×10 )
2
⇒ ω = = 16
10×0.3 Ethanol > W ater > M ercury

⇒ ω = 4
66. A rod of length L at room temperature and uniform
63. Two separate wires A and B are stretched by 2 mm area of cross section A, is made of a metal having
coefficient of linear expansion α/ C . It is observed
o

and 4 mm respectively, when they are subjected to a

force of 2 N . Assume that both the wires are made up that an external compressive force F , is applied on
of same material and the radius of wire B is 4 times each of its ends, prevents any change in the length of
that of the radius of wire A. The length of the wires A the rod, when it temperature rises by Δ T K . Young’s
and B are in the ratio of a : b. Then a/b can be modulus, Y , for this metal is
expressed as 1/x where x is A) F

Aα ΔT

A) 24 B) 36 C) 42 D) 32 B) F

Solution : (Correct Answer: D)

Aα (ΔT −273)

C) F

For A E
= y
2mm
. . . . . . (1)
2A α ΔT

πr
2 a
D) 2F

A α ΔT
 Solution : (Correct Answer: A) σ =
I ateral strain(β)

longitudinal strain(α)
ΔL = L ∝ ΔT

ΔL F
For material like copper, σ = 0.33
Strain = =∝ ΔT ; Y =
L A∝ΔT

And, y = 3k (1 − 2σ)
67. The elastic limit of brass is 379 M P a. .......... mm
should be the minimum diameter of a brass rod if it is Also,
9

y
=
1

k
+
3

to support a 400 N load without exceeding its elastic

limit . y = 2n (1 + σ)

A) 1 B) 1.16 C) 0.90 D) 1.36 H ence, n < y < k

Solution : (Correct Answer: B) 71. A structural steel rod has a radius of 10 mm and
400
length of 1.0 m. A 100 kN force stretches it along its
6
π = 379 × 10
2
d

length . Young's modulus of structural steel is

4

−6

. The percentage strain is about .......

2 4×400×10 −6 11 −2
d = = 0.336 × 10 × 4 2 × 10 Nm
π×379

%
−3
d = 2√0.336 × 10 M ≃ 1.16 mm
A) 0.16 B) 0.32 C) 0.08 D) 0.24

68. A wire fixed at the upper end stretches by length l by Solution : (Correct Answer: A)
applying a force F . The work done in stretching is Given : F = 100kN = 10 N
5

A) F
B) Fl C) 2F l D) Fl
Y = 2 × 10
11
Nm
−2
2l 2

Solution : (Correct Answer: D) ℓ0 = 1.0m

0+F F
Fav = =
2 2 −2
radius r = 10mm = 10 m
0+F Fℓ
W = ( )ℓ = Stress
2 2 F rom f ormula, y =
Strain

69. A man grows into a giant such that his linear ⇒ Strain =
Stress
=
F

Y
dimensions increase by a factor of 9. Assuming that
AY

5 5

his density remains same, the stress in the leg will =

10

2
=
10

−4 11
πr Y
change by a factor of
3.14×10 ×2×10

1
=
A) 9 B) 1
C) 81 D) 1
628
9 81

Solution : (Correct Answer: A) T heref or%strain =

628
1
× 10 = 0.16%

As liner dimension increases by a factor of 9

vf
3
72. Two wires are made of the same material and have
vi
= 9
the same volume. The first wire has cross-sectional
area A and the second wire has cross-sectional area
Density remains same
3A. If the length of the first wire is increased by Δl

So, mass ∝ Volume on applying a force F , how much force is needed to

mf (Aera)
f
stretch the second wire by the same amount?
3 2
= 9 ⇒ = 9
mi
(Aera)
i A) 9F B) 6F C) F D) 4F

f orce (mass)×g Solution : (Correct Answer: A)

Stress (σ) = = ′ Fl
area area
Y oung s modulus, Y =
AΔl
mf 3
σ2 Ai 9

σ1
= (
mi
)(
Af
) =
9
2
= 9
Since initial volume of wires are same

70. In materials like aluminium and copper, the correct ∴ Their areas of cross sections are A and 3A and
order of magnitude of various elastic modulii is lengths are 3l and l respectively.

A) Young's modulus < shear modulus < bulk For Wire 1,

modulus F
Δl = ( ) 3l . . . (i)
B) Bulk modulus < shear modulus < Young's AY

modulus
For wire 2, let F force is applied ′

C) Shear modulus < Young's modulus < bulk

modulus
′
F Δl
= Y

D) Bulk modulus < Young's modulus < shear

3A l

modulus
′
F
⇒ Δl = ( )l

Solution : (Correct Answer: C)

3AY

Poisson's ratio, From eqns (i) and (ii),

 ′ dr mg
F F
( ) 3l = ( )l ⇒ F
′
= 9F = −
r 3KA
AY 3AY

75. A compressive force, F is applied at the two ends of a

long thin steel rod. It is heated, simultaneously, such
that its temperature increases by ΔT . The net change
in its length is zero. Let l be the length of the rod, A
73. A wire elongates by l mm when a load W is hanged its area of cross- section, Y its Young's modulus, and
from it. If the wire goes over a pulley and two weights α its coefficient of linear expansion. Then, F is equal
W each are hung at the two ends, the elongation of
to
the wire will be (in mm)
A) l
2
Y αΔT
A) l

B) lA Y αΔT
2

B) l C) A Y αΔT

C) 2l D) AY

D) Zero
αΔT

Solution : (Correct Answer: C)

Solution : (Correct Answer: B) Due to thermal exp., change in length (Δl)
Case (i)
= lαΔT . . . (i)
At equilibrium, T = W
′
Y oung s modulus(Y )
W /A
Y = . . . (1)
l/L N ormal stress
=
Longitudinal strain

Case (ii) At equilibrium T = W

F /A Δl F
Y = ⇒ =
W /A W /A Δl/l l AY
∴ Y = ⇒ Y =
l/2 l/L
Fl
Δl =
Elongation is the same. AY

n Fl
F rom eq (i), = l α ΔT
AY

F = AY α ΔT

76. A uniform wire (Young's modulus 2 × 10 N m ) is 11 −2

subjected to longitudinal tensile stress of

5 × 10 N m
7
. If the over all volume change in the
−2

wire is 0.02%, the fractional decrease in the radius of

the wire is close to
A) 1.0 × 10
−4

B) 1.5 × 10
−4

C) 0.25 × 10
−4

D) 5 × 10
−4

74. A solid sphere of radius r made of a soft material of Solution : (Correct Answer: C)
11
bulk modulus K is surrounded by a liquid in a
−2
Given, y = 2 × 10 Nm

cylindrical container. A massless piston of area a F 7 −2

floats on the surface of the liquid, covering entire Stress (

A
) = 5 × 10 N m

crosssection of cylindrical container. When a mass m −4 3

is placed on the surface of the piston to compress the ΔV = 0.02% = 2 × 10 m

liquid, the fractional decrement in the radius of the Δr

=?
r

sphere, ( dr

r
) is γ
stress Δℓ
γ = ⇒ strain ( ) = . . . (i)
strain ℓ0 stress

A) Ka

3mg
2
ΔV = 2πℓ0 Δr − πr Δℓ . . . (ii)
B) mg

3Ka

C) mg
From eqns (i) and (ii) putting the value of
ka

D) Ka

mg
Δℓ, ℓ0 and ΔV and solving we get

Solution : (Correct Answer: B) Δr

= 0.25 × 10
−4
mg r
ΔP =
a

mg

A
k = −
4πr2 dr

4
πr3
3
77. A copper wire of length 1.0 m and a steel wire of
T ensile f orce
=
Cross section Area

length 0.5 m having equal cross-sectional areas are mg

4×3.1π 6
joined end to end. The composite wire is stretched by
−2 −2
= = Nm = 3.1 × 10 N m
2 −6
πR π×4×10

a certain load which stretches the copper wire by

81. A boy’s catapult is made of rubber cord which is
1 mm. If the Young's modulii of copper and steel are
42 cm long, with 6 mm diameter of cross -section
respectively 1.0 × 10 Nm
11
and −2

and of negligible mass. The boy keeps a stone

2.0 × 10
11
Nm , the total extension of the
−2

weighing 0.02 kg on it and stretches the cord by

composite wire is ........ mm 20 cm by applying a constant force. When released,

A) 1.75 B) 2 C) 1.50 D) 1.25 the stone flies off with a velocity of 20 ms . Neglect −1

Solution : (Correct Answer: D) the change in the area of cross section of the cord
Yc × (ΔLc /Lc ) = Ys × (ΔLs /Ls ) while stretched. The Young’s modulus of rubber is
−3
closest to
11 1×10 11 ΔLs
⇒ 1 × 10 × ( ) = 2 × 10 × ( )
1 0.5
A) 10
3
Nm
−2

0.5×10
−3 B) 10
6
Nm
−2

∴ ΔLs = = 0.25 mm
2 C) 10
8
Nm
−2

Therefore, total extension of the composite D) 10

4
Nm
−2

wire = ΔLc + ΔLs

Solution : (Correct Answer: B)
2
1 Δℓ
Energy of catapult = × ( ) × Y × A × ℓ
2
= 1 mm + 0.25 m = 1.25 m ℓ

1 2
78. The load versus elongation graphs for four wires of = Kinetic energy of the ball =
2
mV

same length and made of the same material are 2

shown in the figure. The thinnest wire is represented

1 20 2 −6
T heref ore, × ( ) × Y × π × 3 × 10 × 42 ×
2 42

by the line
1 −2 2
= × 2 × 10 × (20)
2

6 2
Y = 3 × 10 Nm

82. Young’s moduli of two wires A and B are in the ratio

7 : 4. Wire A is 2 m long and has radius R. Wire A is

2 m long and has radius R. Wire B is 1.5 m long and

has radius 2 mm. If the two wires stretch by the same

length for a given load, then the value of R is close
A) OA B) OC C) OD D) OB to ......... mm
Solution : (Correct Answer: A) A) 1.3 B) 1.5 C) 1.7 D) 1.9
From the graph, it is clear that for the same value of Solution : (Correct Answer: C)
load, elongation is maximum for wire OA. Hence OA is Given:
the thinnest wire among the four wires .
YA 7 2
= LA = 2m AA = πR
79. A steel wire can sustain 100 kg weight without
YB 4

breaking. If the wire is cut into two equal parts, each LB = 1.5 m AB = π(2mm)
2

part can sustain a weight of ......... kg

F ℓ
= Y ( )
A) 50 B) 400 C) 100 D) 200 A L

Solution : (Correct Answer: C) AY

given F and ℓ are same ⇒ is same
Breaking force α area of cross section of wire Load hold L

by wire is independent of length of the wire. AA Y A

=
AB Y B

LA LB

80. A steel wire having a radius of 2.0 mm, carrying a 2 7

(πR )( YB ) 2

load of 4 kg, is hanging from a ceiling. Given that ⇒

4

=
π(2 mm) .YB

, what will be the tensile stress that

2 1.5
−2
g = 3.1π ms

would be developed in the wire? R = 1.74 mm

A) 6.2 × 10
6
Nm
−2

B) 4.8 × 10
6
Nm
−2

C) 5.2 × 10
6
Nm
−2

D) 3.1 × 10
6
Nm
−2

Solution : (Correct Answer: D)

Tensile stress in wire will be
83. Two rods of different materials having coefficients of 86. The adjacent graph shows the extension (Δl) of a
linear expansion α , α and Young's moduli Y and
1 2 1 wire of length 1m suspended from the top of a roof
Y 2
respectively are fixed between two rigid massive at one end with a load W connected to the other end.
walls. The rods are heated such that they undergo the If the cross sectional area of the wire is 10 m , −6 2

same increase in temperature. There is no bending of calculate the young’s modulus of the material of the
rods. If α : α = 2 : 3, the thermal stresses
1 2 wire
developed in the two rods are equally provided
Y : Y is equal to
1 2

A) 2 : 3 B) 1 : 1 C) 3 : 2 D) 4 : 9

Solution : (Correct Answer: C)

(c) Thermal stress = Y αΔθ.
If thermal stress and rise in temperature are equal then
1 Y1 α2 3
A) 2 × 10
11
N /m
2

Y ∝ ⇒ = =
α Y2 α1 2 B) 2 × 10
−11
N /m
2

C) 3 × 10
−12
N /m
2

84. A wire suspended vertically from one of its ends is

stretched by attaching a weight of 200 N to the lower D) 2 × 10
−13
N /m
2

end. The weight stretches the wire by 1 mm Then the Solution : (Correct Answer: A)
elastic energy stored in the wire is ........ J (a)From the graph l = 10 −4
m, F = 20N

A) 0.1 B) 0.2 C) 10 D) 20 A = 10
−6 2
m , L = 1m

Solution : (Correct Answer: A) FL 20×1 10 11 2

Y = = = 20 × 10 = 2 × 10 N /m
(a) U =
1

2
× F × l =
1

2
× 200 × 10
−3
= 0.1 J Al 10
−6
×10
−4

85. One end of a uniform wire of length L and of weight

W is attached rigidly to a point in the roof and a

weight W is suspended from its lower end. If S is the

1

area of cross-section of the wire, the stress in the wire

at a height 3L/4 from its lower end is
A) W1

B) W1 +(W /4)

C) W1 +(3W /4)

D) W1 +W

Solution : (Correct Answer: C)

(c) Total force at height 3L/4 from its lower end
= Weight suspended + Weight of 3/4 of the chain
= W1 + (3W /4)

W1 +(3W /4)
Hence stress = S