JEE (MAIN + ADVANCED)

SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

 CONTENT

[Link] Pages

1. Theory 01

2. Exercise-1 (Special DPP) 04

3. Exercise-2 11

4. Exercise-3 (Section-A) 13
[Previous years JEE-Main problems]

5. Exercise-3 (Section-B) 16
[Previous years JEE-Advanced problems]

6. Exercise-4 (Potential Problems for Board Preparations) 20

7. Exercise-5 (Rank Booster) 22

8. Answer Key 24
 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

KEY CONCEPTS (SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION)

DEFINITION :
A sequence is a set of terms in a definite order with a rule for obtaining the terms.
e.g. 1 , 1/2 , 1/3 , ....... , 1/n , ........ is a sequence.
AN ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION (AP) :
AP is a sequence whose terms increase or decrease by a fixed number. This fixed number is called the
common difference. If a is the first term & d the common difference, then AP can be written as
a, a + d, a + 2 d, ....... a + (n – 1)d, ........
nth term of this AP tn = a + (n – 1)d, where d = an – an-1.
n n
The sum of the first n terms of the AP is given by ; Sn = [2 a + (n – 1)d] = [a + l].
2 2
where l is the last term.
NOTES :
(i) If each term of an A.P. is increased, decreased, multiplied or divided by the same non zero number, then
the resulting sequence is also anAP.
(ii) Three numbers in AP can be taken as a – d , a , a + d ; four numbers in AP can be taken as a – 3d,
a – d, a + d, a + 3d ; five numbers in AP are a – 2d , a – d , a, a + d, a + 2d & six terms in AP are
a – 5d, a – 3d, a – d, a + d, a + 3d, a + 5d etc.
(iii) The common difference can be zero, positive or negative.
(iv) The sum of the two terms of anAP equidistant from the beginning & end is constant and equal to the
sum of first & last terms.
(v) Any term of anAP (except the first) is equal to half the sum of terms which are equidistant from it.
(vi) tr = Sr  Sr1
(vii) If a , b , c are in AP 2 b = a + c.

GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION (GP) :

GP is a sequence of numbers whose first term is non zero & each of the succeeding terms is equal to the
proceeding terms multiplied by a constant . Thus in a GP the ratio of successive terms is constant. This
constant factor is called the COMMON RATIO of the series & is obtained by dividing any term by
that which immediately proceeds it. Therefore a, ar, ar2, ar3, ar4, ...... is a GP with a as the first term &
r as common ratio.
(i) nth term = a rn –1

(ii) Sum of the Ist n terms i.e. Sn =


a rn 1  , if r 1.
r 1
(iii) Sum of an infinite GP when r < 1 when n rn 0 if r < 1 therefore,
a
S = ( | r | 1) .
1r
(iv) If each term of a GP be multiplied or divided by the same non-zero quantity, the resulting sequence is
also a GP.
(v) Any 3 consecutive terms of a GP can be taken as a/r, a, ar ; any 4 consecutive terms of a GP can be
taken as a/r3, a/r, ar, ar3 & so on.
(vi) If a, b, c are in GP b2 = ac.

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

HARMONIC PROGRESSION (HP) :

A sequence is said to HP if the reciprocals of its terms are in AP.
If the sequence a1, a2, a3, .... , an is an HP then 1/a1, 1/a2, .... , 1/an is an AP & converse. Here we do
not have the formula for the sum of the n terms of an HP. For HP whose first term is a & second term
ab
is b, the nth term is tn = .
b  (n  1)(a  b)
2ac a ab
If a, b, c are in HP b= or = .
ac c bc

MEANS
ARITHMETIC MEAN :
If three terms are in AP then the middle term is called the AM between the other two, so if a, b, c are
in AP, b is AM of a & c .
a 1  a 2  a 3  .....  a n
AM for any n positive number a1, a2, ... , an is ; A = .
n
n - ARITHMETIC MEANS BETWEEN TWO NUMBERS :
If a, b are any two given numbers & a, A1, A2, .... , An, b are in AP then A1, A2, ... An are the n AM’s
between a & b .
ba 2 (b  a ) n (b  a )
A1 = a + , A2 = a + , ...... , An = a +
n1 n1 n 1
ba
=a+d, = a + 2 d , ...... , An = a + nd , where d =
n 1
NOTE :
1. Sum of n AM’s inserted between a & b is equal to n times the single AM between a & b
n
n
i.e.  Ar = nA where A is the single AM between a & b.  ai
r 1
i 1
2. Arithmetic mean of n numbers a1 + a2 + a3 + ........ + an is equal to .
n
GEOMETRIC MEANS :
If a, b, c are in GP, b is the GM between a & c.
b² = ac, therefore b = a c ; a > 0, c > 0.
n-GEOMETRIC MEANS BETWEEN a, b :
If a, b are two given numbers & a, G1, G2, ..... , Gn, b are in GP. Then
G1, G2, G3 , ...., Gn are n GMs between a & b .
G1 = a(b/a)1/n+1, G2 = a(b/a)2/n+1, ...... , Gn = a(b/a)n/n+1
= ar , = ar² , ...... = arn, where r = (b/a)1/n+1
NOTE :
1. The product of n GMs between a & b is equal to the nth power of the single GM between a & b
n
i.e. Gr = (G)n where G is the single GM between a & b.
r 1
2. Geometric Mean of a1, a2, a3, ........ an is (a1 · a2 · a3 · ........ · an)1/n.

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

HARMONIC MEAN :
If a, b, c are in HP, b is the HM between a & c, then b = 2ac/[a + c].
n
NOTE : Harmonic mean between a1, a2, a3, ...... an = .
1 1 1
  ......... 
H1 H 2 Hn

THEOREM :
If A, G, H are respectivelyAM, GM, HM between a & b both being unequal & positive then,
(i) G² = AH
(ii) A > G > H (G > 0). Note that A, G, H constitute a GP.
ARITHMETICO-GEOMETRIC SERIES :
Aseries each term of which is formed by multiplying the corresponding term of anAP & GPis called the
Arithmetico-Geometric Series. e.g. 1 + 3x + 5x2 + 7x3 + .....
Here 1, 3, 5, .... are in AP & 1, x, x2, x3 ..... are in GP.
Standard appearance of an Arithmetico-Geometric Series is
Let Sn = a + (a + d) r + (a + 2 d) r² + ..... + [a + (n  1)d] rn1
SIGMA NOTATIONS
THEOREMS :
n n n
(i)  (ar ± br) =  ar ±  br.
r 1 r 1 r 1
n n
(ii)  k ar = k  ar.
r1 r 1
n
(iii)  k = nk ; where k is a constant.
r 1

RESULTS
n
n ( n 1)
(i)  r= 2
(sum of the first n natural nos.)
r1
n
n (n  1) (2n  1)
(ii)  r² = 6
(sum of the squares of the first n natural numbers)
r 1
2
n n
n 2 (n  1) 2
(iii)  r3 = =  r (sum of the cubes of the first n natural numbers)
r1 4 r1

METHOD OF DIFFERENCE :
If T1, T2, T3, ...... , Tn are the terms of a sequence then some times the terms T2  T1, T3  T2 , .......
constitute an AP/GP. nth term of the series is determined & the sum to n terms of the sequence can
easily be obtained.
Remember that to find the sum of n terms of a series each term of which is composed of r factors in
AP, the first factors of several terms being in the sameAP, we “write down the nth term, affix the next
factor at the end, divide by the number of factors thus increased and by the common difference and add
a constant. Determine the value of the constant by applying the initial conditions”.

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

EXERCISE-1 [SPECIAL DPP]

SPECIAL DPP-1

3
Q.1 Let a1, a2, a3, ……, an are in A.P. such that an = 100, a40 – a39 = then 15th term of A.P. from end
5
is
448 452 454 458
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 5 5 5

Q.2 Three distinct A.P.'s have same first term, common differences as d1, d2, d3 and nth terms as
a1 2b 3c a7 3 b7
an, bn, cn respectively such that = 1 = 1 . If = then is equal to
d1 d2 d3 c6 7 c6
14 17 40 13
(A) (B) (C) (D)
49 21 49 21

Q.3 In a convex polygon, the degree measures of the interior angles form an arithmetic progression. If the
smallest angle is 159° and the largest angle is 177°, then the number of sides in the polygon, is
(A) 21 (B) 27 (C) 30 (D) 31

Q.4 Let ,  be the roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0 (a  0) and ,  be the roots of px2 + qx + r = 0 (p  0), and
D1, D2 be the respective discriminants of these equations. If , , ,  are in A.P., then D1 : D2 equals
a2 a2 b2 c2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
p2 b2 q2 r2

Q.5 In an arithmetic progression, if Sn = n(5 + 3n) and tn = 32, then the value of n is
[Note : Sn and tn denote the sum of first n terms and nth term of arithmetic progression respectively.]
(A) 4 (B) 5 (C) 6 (D) 7

Q.6 The first term of an A.P. is 5, the last is 45 and their sum is 400. If the number of terms is n and d is
n
the common difference, then   is equal to
d
(A) 9 (B) 8 (C) 7 (D) 6

Paragraph for questions nos. 7 to 9

Let the quantities 1, logy x, logz y and – 15 logx z be the first four terms of an arithmetical progression
with common difference d. All terms of the A.P. being real.

Q.7 Common difference d of theA.P. satisfies the equation

(A) 6d3 + 11d2 + 6d – 16 = 0 (B) 6d3 + 11d2 – 6d – 16 = 0
3 2
(C) 6d + 11d + 6d + 16 = 0 (D) 6d3 + 11d2 – 6d + 16 = 0

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.8 The value of (xz–3 + xy + yz3) is equal to

(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) 3

Q.9 Magnitude of the sum of the first 25 terms of the A.P. is equal to
(A) 575 (B) 675 (C) 625 (D) 552

Q.10 Let a1, a2, a3 ....... and b1, b2, b3 ...... be arithmetic progressions such that a1 = 25, b1 = 75 and
a100 + b100 = 100. Then
(A) the difference between successive terms in progression 'a' is opposite of the difference in progression 'b'.
(B) an + bn = 100 for any n.
(C) (a1 + b1), (a2 + b2), (a3 + b3), ....... are in A.P.
100
(D)  (a r  b r ) = 10000
r 1

Q.11 Positive integers a1, a2, a3, ........ form an A.P. If a1 = 10 and a a 2  100 , then
(A) common difference ofA.P. is equal to 6. (B) The value of a3 is equal to 20.
(C) The value of a22 is equal to 136. (D) The value of a a 3 is equal to 820.

Q.12 Let 'p' and 'q' be roots of the equation x2  2x + A = 0, and let 'r' and 's' be the roots of the equation
x2  18x + B = 0. If p < q < r < s are in arithmatic progression. Find the value of (A + B).

SPECIAL DPP-2

Q.1 Consider the series r2 + r4 + r6 + r8 + r10 + ....... . The third term is 16 times the fifth term.
The sum of the series is
1 1 1 4
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 3 2 3

Q.2 The value of x satisfying the equation   log  x

·   log 2 x

·   log 4 x

·   log 8 x

……  = 3
is equal to
1
(A)  (B)  (C) 3 (D)
3

1
Q.3 Let Tn be the nth term of a sequence for n = 1, 2, 3, 4, …….. If 4Tn+1 = Tn and T5 =
2560

then the value of  (Tn · Tn 1) is equal to
n 1

1 1 2 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
275 375 275 375

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.4 If the first term of a G.P. a1, a2, a3, ....... is unity such that the quantity 4a2 + 5a3 has the least value then
the sum to infinite number of terms of the sequence
5
(A) can not be found out as diverges. (B)
3
7 5
(C) (D)
5 7

b4 1
Q.5 The sequence {bn} is a geometric progression with  and b2 + b5 = 216. If bn  I  n  N,
b6 4
then the value of b1 is
(A) 8 (B) 10 (C) 12 (D) 14
n  1
1 1
Q.6 Given Sn =  2r , S =  2r . If S – Sn < 1000 then least value of 'n'
r 0 r 0
(A) 8 (B) 9 (C) 10 (D) 11

Q.7 If the roots of the equation, x3 + px2 + qx – 1 = 0 form an increasing G.P. where p and q are real, then
(A) p+q = 0 (B) p  (– 3, )
one root is smaller than 1
(C) one of the roots is unity (D) and one root is greater than 1.

Q.8 The first term of an infinite geometric series is 21. The second term and the sum of the series are both
positive integers. The possible value(s) of the second term can be
(A) 12 (B) 14 (C) 18 (D) 20

Q.9 Column-I Column-II

(A) Let Sn, S2n, S3n are the sums of n, 2n, 3n terms of an (P) 3
S3n
arithmetic progression, then S  S is equal to (Q) 4
2n n
(B) For an increasing G.P. a1, a2, a3, ......, an, ..... (R) 6
n
a6 = 4a4; a9 – a7 = 192. If  a i  1016 then 'n' equals
i4

(C) Let gn be the nth term of the geometric progression of (S) 8

100
100
10 5
positive numbers. If  g 2n 
3
and  g 2n  1  9 , (T) 10
n 1 n 1

then the common ratio of geometric progression, is

(D) A geometric progression consists of an even number of terms.
If the sum of all the terms is 5 times the sum of terms occupy the odd place
then its common ratio is

Q.10 Let , ,  be the roots of the cubic 2x3 + 9x2 – 27x – 54 = 0. If , ,  are in G.P., then find the value
2
of |  |  |  |  |  | .
3
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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

SPECIAL DPP-3

Q.1 If f (x) = 4x4 – ax3 + bx2 – cx + 5 (a, b, c  R) has four positive real zeros r1, r2, r3, r4 such that
r1 r2 r3 r4
   = 1, then a is equal to
2 4 5 8
(A) 19 (B) 20 (C) 21 (D) 22

1
Q.2 If  are roots of equation x2 + px – = 0 (p R and p 0) , then the minimum value of
2p 2
(4 + 4) is equal to
(A) 2 (B) 4  2 (C) 2  2 (D) 3  2

Q.3 If two positive real numbers are such that their arithmetic mean is 2k times their geometric mean,
then the minimum value of k equals
1 1
(A) (B) 4 (C) (D) 2
4 2

Q.4 Let A6 be the sum of first six terms of an arithmetic sequence, and G6 be the sixth term of a geometric
sequence. Both sequences have the same first term, and the common difference of the arithmetic sequence
A6 1
equals the common ratio of the geometrical sequence, which is equal to two. If is equal to then
G6 2
(G6 – A6) equals
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 48 (D) 144

x 4  2 x 2  101
Q.5 The minimum value of for x  R, is equal to
x2 1
4 8
(A) (B) 10 (C) (D) 20
5 3

Q.6 Let a, b, c  R be such that a > –1, b > –2, c > 3 and a + b + c = 24, then the maximum value of
(a + 1)(b + 2)(c – 3) is equal to
(A) 256 (B) 512 (C) 1024 (D) 2048

Q.7 If x and y are positive real numbers and 3x + 4y = 5, then the greatest value of 16x2y3 is
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

2x x 3y 4y2
Q.8 For any x, y  R, xy > 0 then the minimum value of   4 equals
y3 3 9x
1 1
(A) 23 (B) 2 (C) 3 3 (D) 3

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.9 Let x1, x2 be two positive real numbers.

 16 y2 x2 
Statement-1: The minimum value of  2  1  12  is 2.
x 2 y1 
 1
x1  x 2
Statement-2:  x1x 2 .
2
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

Q.10 If a, b, c are three positive roots of the equation x3 – px2 + qx – 48 = 0 (p, q > 0) then find
1 2 3
the minimum value of 2    .
a b c

SPECIAL DPP-4


k2 m
Q.1 The value of  4k can be written as n , where m and n are relatively prime positive integers.
k 0
Then the value of (m + n) is
(A) 28 (B) 47 (C) 66 (D) 85

3 5 7
Q.2 The sum 3
 3 3  3 3 3 + …… upto 11 terms is equal to
1 1 2 1 2 3
134 143 163 123
(A) (B) (C) (D)
63 36 43 41

n n n
S14 S22  S22 S32
Q.3 Let S1 = K , S2 = K 2
and S3 =  K3 , then
S12  S32
is equal to
K 1 K 1 K 1

(A) 4 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) 0

1 2 3 n
Q.4 The limiting sum of the infinite series,  2  3  .... whose nth term is n is
10 10 10 10
1 10 1 17
(A) (B) (C) (D)
9 81 8 72

2 2  4 2  62    (2n ) 2
Q.5 For 2 2 2 to exceed 1.01, the maximum value of n is
1  3  5    (2n  1)2
(A) 149 (B) 150 (C) 151 (D) 152

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.6 If a1, a2, a3, ……, an are consecutive terms of an increasing A.P., and
(n  1) · n · (n  1)
(12 – a1) + (22 – a2) + (32 – a3) + ……… + (n2 – an) = ,
3
a a a 
then the value of  5 3 2  is equal to
 6 
(A) 1 (B) –1 (C) 2 (D) –2

 1  1   1 1  1 
Q.7 The sum of the infinite series 1 + 1     + 1   2   2  + ……
 5  2   5 5  2 
20 10 5 5
(A) (B) (C) (D)
9 9 9 3

n
2r  1
Q.8 If Sn =  r 4  2r3  r 2 , then S10 is equal to
r 1

121 120 60
(A) 1 (B) (C) (D)
120 121 61
Q.9 Infinite number of triangles are formed as shown in figure. y
If total area of these triangles is A then 8A is equal to
(A) 3
3
(B) 4 1
1
9
x
(C) 1 O 1
1 2
27
3
(D) 2

Q.10 Let Sn = (2 + 2) + (22 + 5) + (23 + 10) + (24 + 17) + ..................... upto n brackets.
If Sn = 2n+A + Bn3 + cn2 + Dn + E for all n  N, where A, B, C, D, E are constants then
1 1
(A) B = (B) C = (C) D =1 (D) E = – 2
6 2

1 p
Q.11 The value of  is equal to , where p and q are relatively prime natural numbers.
n 1 (3n  2) (3n  1) q
Then the value of (p2 + q2) is equal to
(A) 4 (B) 9 (C) 10 (D) 13

26
Q.12 Let d bet the minimum value of f (x) = 5x2 – 2x + and f (x) is symmetric about x = r..
5
 p
If  1  (n  1)d  r n 1 equals
q
, where p and q are relative prime, then find the value
n 1
of (3q – p).

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

SPECIAL DPP-5

4 1
Q.1 If a and b are positive real numbers such that a + b = 6, then the minimum value of   
a b
is equal to
2 1 3
(A) (B) (C) 1 (D)
3 3 2

1 1 1 1 
Q.2 If harmonic mean of numbers , 2 , 3 , , 10 is 10 then  is equal to
2 2 2 2 2 1
(A) 5 (210) (B) 10 (210) (C) 5 (D) 10

Q.3 The arithmetic mean of  and  is x2 + 1 and geometric mean of  and  is 2x + 1.
If harmonic mean of  and is 4, then x equals
1 1 3
(A) (B) (C) (D) 1
4 2 4

Q.4 If ,  and  are the positive roots of the equation x3 – 6x2 + 3px – 2p = 0, p  R then the value of
  
  +  equals
  
(A) 3 (B) 6 (C) 11 (D) 15

Q.5 If a, b, c are positive real numbers such that a + b + c = 3, then the minimum value of
a b c
  is equal to
6a 6b 6c
1 1 3 4
(A) (B) (C) (D)
5 3 5 5

x
Q.6 If 1, , y are in harmonic progression (x, y  0), then the number of integral ordered pairs (x, y) is
2
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5

Q.7 Let log (a + c), log (a + b), log(b + c) (in that order) are in A.P. and a, c, b (in that order) are in H.P.,
kc
where a, b, c > 0. If a + b = , then find the value of k.
4

Q.8 Let f(x) = (a2 + b2 – 4a – 6b + 13)(2x2 – 4x + 5), a, b  R such that f(0) = f(1) = f(2).
If a, A1, A2 …… A10, b is an A.P. and a, H1, H2, ……, H10, b is a H.P.,

1 8 
then find the value of   A r H11 r  .

10  r 4 


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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.9 Let  are zeroes of P(x) = 5x4 + px3 + qx2 + rx + s (p, q, r, s  R) and  are zeroes of
Q(x) = x3 – 9x2 + ax – 24 (<<<). If  (taken in that order) are in arithmetic progression
P(1)
and  (taken in that order) are in harmonic progression, then find the value of .
Q(1)

Q.10 Let four positive numbers a, b, c and d be in increasing G.P. and G and H are their geometric mean
and harmonic mean respectively such that 14H = G. If common ratio of the G.P. is m + n 3 ,
where m, n  N then find the value of (m – n).

EXERCISE-2
Q.1 The sum of first n terms of two arithmetic series are in the ratio of (7 n + 1) : (4 n + 27) . Find the ratio
of their nth term.

Q.2(i) There are n AM’s between 1 & 31 such that 7th mean : (n  1)th mean = 5 : 9, then find the value of n.

(ii) IfA1,A2,A3, .......A51 are arithmetic means inserted between the numbers a and b, then find the value of
 b  A 51   A1  a 
     .
 b  A 51   1 A  a 

Q.3(a) The interior angles of a polygon are in AP. The smallest angle is 120° & the common difference is 5°.
Find the number of sides of the polygon.
(b) The interior angles of a convex polygon form an arithmetic progression with a common difference of 4°.
Determine the number of sides of the polygon if its largest interior angle is 172°.

Q.4 A cricketer has to score 4500 runs. Let an denotes the number of runs he scores in the
nth match. If a1 = a2 = .................. = a10 = 150 and a10, a11, a12, ............................are in A.P. with
common difference – 2, then find the total number of matches played by him to score 4500 runs.

Q.5 Let {an} be an arithmetic sequence with first term 77 and common difference – 3 .
n
Find the maximum value of ak .
k 1

Q.6(a) Find the average of the numbers n sin n°, n = 2, 4, 6, ......., 180.
359
(b) Find the value of the sum  k · cos k .
k 0

Q.7 In a set of four numbers, the first three are in GP & the last three are inAP, with common difference 6.
If the first number is the same as the fourth, find the four numbers.

Q.8 Let A = {a1, a2, a3, ..........} and B = {b1, b2, b3, .........} are arithmetic sequences such that
10 15 a 2  a1 p
a1 = b1  0, a2 = 2 b2 and  ai =  b j . If b 2  b1
=
q
where p and q are coprime
i 1 j1
then find the value of (p + q).

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.9(i) If 32sin 2x–1, 14, 34–2sin2x form first three terms of anA.P., then find the sum 1 + sin 2x + sin22x + ... .
    
(ii) If tan   x  , tan , tan  x  in order are three consecutive terms of a G.P. then sum of all the
 12  12  12 
solutions in [0, 314] is k. Find the value of k.

Q.10 If the first 3 consecutive terms of a geometrical progression are the real roots of the equation
2x3 – 19x2 + 57x – 54 = 0 find the sum to infinite number of terms of G.P.

Q.11 Find the nth term and the sum to n terms of the sequence:
(i) 1 + 5 + 13 + 29 + 61 + ...... (ii) 6 + 13 + 22 + 33 + .......

Q.12 Find the sum of the series 2 + 5 + 14 + 41 + 122 + ........ up to n terms.

and hence evaluate S8.

  n 2  2n  3 
Q.13 Let '' denotes the sum of the infinite series   n
.

n 1  2 
Compute the value of (1 + 2 + 3 + ....... +  ).
3 3 3 3

Q.14 Find sum of the following series to n terms and to infinity:

n
1 1 1
(i)    ......... (ii)  r (r + 1) (r + 2) (r + 3)
1 . 4 .7 4 .7 .10 7 .10 .13 r1
n
1 1 1.3 1.3.5
(iii)  2
4r  1
(iv)    ........... .
r1 4 4.6 4.6.8
1 2 3
(v)    ................
1  1  1 1  2  2 1  3  34
2 4 2 4 2

Q.15(a) The harmonic mean of two numbers is 4. The airthmetic meanA& the geometric mean G satisfy the
relation 2 A + G2 = 27. Find the two numbers.
(b) The AM of two numbers exceeds their GM by 15 & HM by 27. Find the numbers.

Q.16 If a, b, c, d, e be 5 numbers such that a, b, c are in AP ; b, c, d are in GP & c, d, e are in HP then:

(i) Prove that a, c, e are in GP .
(ii) Prove that e = (2 b  a)²/a .
(iii) If a = 2 & e = 18 , find all possible values of b , c , d .

1.3 3.5 5.7 7.9

Q.17 Find the sum of the infinite series     ..........  .
2 2 2 23 2 4
1 1 1
Q.18(i) If k1 and k2 (k2 < k1) are two values of k for which the numbers , 2 , are in
k2 k 4k  5
harmonic progression then find the value of (2k1 – 3k2).
(ii) If the 10th term of an HP is 21 and 21st term of the same HP is 10, then find the 210th term.
(iii) If the roots of 10x3  cx2  54x  27 = 0 are in harmonic progression, then find c and all the roots.

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.19 Let 1 and 2 be two real values of  for which the numbers 22, 4, 24
taken in that order form
an arithmetic progression. If 1 and 2 are two real values of  for which the numbers 1, 2, 6 – 2

taken in that order form a geometric progression, then find the value of 12   22  12   22 . 
Q.20 Given that the cubic ax3 – ax2 + 9bx – b = 0 (a  0) has all three positive roots. Find the harmonic mean
of the roots independent of a and b, hence deduce that the root are all equal. Find also the minimum
value of (a + b) if a and b  N.

EXERCISE-3
SECTION-A
(JEE-MAIN Previous Year's Questions)
Q.1 The sum of the series 13 – 23 + 33 – ......+ 93 = [AIEEE 2002]
(1) 300 (2) 125 (3) 425 (4) 0

Q.2 If the sum of an infinite GP is 20 and sum of their square is 100 then common ratio will be =
[AIEEE 2002]
(1) 1/2 (2) 1/4 (3) 3/5 (4) 1

Q.3 If the third term of anA.P. is 7 and its 7th term is 2 more than three times of its 3rd term, then sum of its
first 20 terms is [AIEEE 2002]
(1) 228 (2) 74 (3) 740 (4) 1090

Q.4 If the sum of the roots of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 is equal to the sum of the squares of
a b c
their reciprocals, then , and are in [AIEEE 2003]
c a b
(1) A.P. (2) G.P.
(3) H.P. (4) arithmetico-geometric progression

Q.5 Let two numbers have arithmetic mean 9 and geometric mean 4. Then these numbers are the roots of the
quadratic equation [AIEEE 2004]
(1) x2 + 18 x + 16 = 0 (2) x2 – 18x + 16 = 0 (3) x2 + 18 x – 16 = 0 (4) x2 – 18 x – 16 = 0

Q.6 Let Tr be the rth term of an A.P. whose first term is a and common difference is d. If for some positive
1 1
integers m, n, m  n, Tm = and Tn = , then a – d equals [AIEEE 2004]
n m
1 1
(1) 0 (2) 1 (3) 1/mn (4) 
m n
n (n  1) 2
Q.7 The sum of the first n terms of the series 12 + 2. 22 + 32 + 2.42 + 52 + 2.62 +..... is when n
2
is even. When n is odd the sum is [AIEEE 2004]
2
3n (n  1) n 2 (n  1) n ( n  1) 2  n ( n  1) 
(1) (2) (3) (4)  
2 2 4  2 

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

  
If x =  a , y = b  cn
n n
Q.8 ,z= where a, b, c are in A.P. and | a | < 1, | b | < 1, | c | < 1, then x, y,, z
n 0 n 0 n 0

are in
(1) GP (2) AP
(3)Arithmetic - Geometric Progression (4) HP [AIEEE 2005]

Q.9 If in a ABC, the altitudes from the verticesA, B, C on opposite sides are in H.P., then sinA, sin B, sin C
are in [AIEEE 2005]
(1) G.P. (2) A.P.
(3)Arithmetic – Geometric progression (4) H.P.

a1  a 2  ...  a p p2 a6
Q.10 Let a1, a2, a3, ..... be terms of an A.P. If = 2 , p  q then equals
a1  a 2  ...  a q q a 21

7 2 11 41
(1) (2) (3) (4) [AIEEE 2006]
2 7 41 11

Q.11 If a1, a2, ..... an are in H.P., then the expression a1a2 + a2a3 + .... + an –1an is equal to [AIEEE 2006]
(1) (n – 1) (a1 – an) (2) na1an (3) (n – 1) a1an (4) n (a1 – an)

Q.12 In a geometric progression consisting of positive terms, each term equals the sum of the next two terms.
Then the common ratio of this progression equals [AIEEE 2007]

(1)
1

1 5  (2)
1
5 (3)
1
2
 5 1  (4)
1
2
 
5 1
2 2
2 6 10 14
Q.13 The sum to infinity of the series 1   2  3  4  ....... [AIEEE 2009]
3 3 3 3
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 4 (4) 6

Q.14 A person is to count 4500 currency notes. Let an denotes the number of notes he counts in the nth
minute. If a1 = a2 = ... = a10 = 150 and a10, a11 .... are in AP with common difference –2, then the time
taken by him to count all notes, is [AIEEE 2010]
(1) 24 min (2) 34 min (3) 125 min (4) 135 min

Q.15 A man saves Rs. 200 in each of the first three months of his service. In each of the subsequent months of
his service. In each of the subsequent months his saving increases by Rs. 40 more than the saving of
immediately previous month. His total saving from the start of service will be Rs. 11040 after.
(1) 18 months (2) 19 months (3) 20 months (4) 21 months
[AIEEE 2011]

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.16 Statement 1: The sum of the series

1 + (1 + 2 + 4) + (4 + 6 + 9) + (9 +12 + 16) + ...... + (361 + 380 + 400) is 8000.

 k 
n
Statement 2 : 3
 (k  1)3 = n3, for any natural number n. [AIEEE 2012]
k 1

(1) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is not a correct explanation for Statement 2.
(2) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false.
(3) Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true.
(4) Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is a correct explanation for Statement 1.

Q.17 If 100 times the 100th term of anAP with non zero common difference equals the 50 times its 50th term,
then the 150th term of this AP is [AIEEE 2012]
(1) 150 (2) zero (3) – 150 (4) 150 times its 50th term

Q.18 The sum of first 20 terms of the sequence 0.7, 0.77, 0.777, .........., is [JEE (Main) 2013]
7 7 7 7
(1) (99 – 10–20) (2) (179 + 10–20) (3) (99 +10–20) (4) (179 – 10–20)
9 81 9 81

1 1
Q.19 Let  and  be the roots of equation px2 + qx + r = 0, p  0. If p, q, r are in A.P. and  = 4, then
 
the value of |  –  | is [JEE (Main) 2014]
2 13 61 2 17 34
(1) (2) (3) (4)
9 9 9 9

Q.20 Three positive numbers form an increasing G.P. If the middle term in this G.P. is doubled, the new
numbers are inA.P. Then the common ratio of the G.P. is [JEE (Main) 2014]
(1) 2  3 (2) 2 3 (3) 3  2 (4) 2  3

Q.21 If (10)9 + 2(11)1(10)8 + 3(11)2(10)7 + ............. + 10(11)9 = k (10)9, then k is equal to

121 441
(1) 110 (2) (3) (4) 100 [JEE (Main) 2014]
10 100
13 13  23 13  23  33
Q.22 The sum of first 9 terms of the series   + …… is [JEE (Main) 2015]
1 1 3 1 3  5
(1) 142 (2) 192 (3) 71 (4) 96

Q.23 If m is theA.M. of two distinct real numbers l and n (l, n > 1) and G1, G2 and G3 are three geometric
means between l and n, then G14  2G 42  G 34 equals. [JEE (Main) 2015]
(1) 4 lmn2 (2) 4 l2m2n2 (3) 4 l2mn (4) 4 lm2n

Q.24 If the 2nd, 5th and 9th terms of a non-constant A.P. are in G.P., then the common ratio of this G.P. is
7 8 4
(1) (2) (3) (4) 1 [JEE (Main) 2016]
4 5 3

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

2 2 2 2
 3  2  1  4 16
Q.25 If the sum of the first ten terms of the series 1    2    3   4    4  +…, is m, then
 5  5  5  5 5
m is equal to [JEE (Main) 2016]
(1) 99 (2) 102 (3) 101 (4) 100

Q.26 For any three positive real numbers a, b and c, 9(25a2 + b2) + 25(c2 – 3ac) = 15b (3a + c). Then
(1) b, c and a are in G.P. (2) b, c and a are in A.P.
(3) a, b and c are in A.P. (4) a, b and c are in G.P. [JEE (Main) 2017]

12
Q.27 Let a1, a2, a3, .........., a49 be in A.P. such that  a 4k 1  416 and a9 + a43 = 66.
k 0

If a12 + a22 + ..........+a172 = 140 m, then m is equal to: [JEE (Main) 2018]
(1) 34 (2) 33 (3) 66 (4) 68

Q.28 Let A be the sum of the first 20 terms and B be the sum of the first 40 terms of the series
12 + 2·22 + 32 + 2·42 + 52 + 2·62 + ….… If B – 2A = 100 , then  is equal to:
(1) 464 (2) 496 (3) 232 (4) 248 [JEE (Main) 2018]

SECTION-B
(JEE-ADVANCED Previous Year's Questions)
Q.1 Let  be the roots of x2 – x + p = 0 and  be the roots of x2 – 4x + q = 0. If are in G.P.,
then the integral values of p and q respectively, are [JEE 2001, Scr, 1 out of 35]
(A) –2, –32 (B) –2, 3 (C) –6, 3 (D) –6, –32

Q.2 If the sum of the first 2n terms of theA.P. 2, 5, 8, ........... is equal to the sum of the first n terms of theA.P.
57, 59, 61, ........, then n equals [JEE 2001, Scr, 1 out of 35]
(A) 10 (B) 12 (C) 11 (D) 13

Q.3 Let the positive numbers a, b, c, d be in A.P. Then abc, abd, acd, bcd are
(A) NOT in A.P./G.P./H.P. (B) in A.P.
(C) in G.P. (D) H.P. [JEE 2001, Scr, 1 out of 35]

Q.4 Let a1, a2 .......... be positive real numbers in G.P. For each n, let An, Gn, Hn, be respectively, the
arithmetic mean, geometric mean and harmonic mean of a1, a2, a3, ...........an. Find an expression for the
G.M. of G1, G2, .........Gn in terms of A1, A2 .............An, H1, H2, .........Hn. [ JEE 2001 (Mains); 5]

3
Q.5 Suppose a, b, c are in A.P. and a2, b2, c2 are in G.P. If a < b < c and a + b + c = , then the value of a is
2
[JEE 2002 (Screening), 3]
1 1 1 1 1 1
(A) (B) (C)  (D) 
2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.6 Let a, b be positive real numbers. If a , A1 , A2 , b are in A.P. ; a , G1 , G2 , b are in G.P. and
G1 G 2 A1  A 2 ( 2 a  b) ( a  2 b )
a , H1 , H2 , b are in H.P. , show that H H  H  H  9ab
1 2 1 2

[JEE 2002, Mains,5 out of 60]

c
Q.7 If a, b, c are in A.P., a2 , b2 , c2 are in H.P. , then prove that either a = b = c or a, b,  form a G.P..
2
[JEE 2003, Mains-4 out of 60]

Q.8 The first term of an infinite geometric progression is x and its sum is 5. Then [JEE 2004 (Screening)]
(A) 0 x  10 (B) 0 < x < 10 (C) –10 < x < 0 (D) x > 10

Q.9 If a, b, c are positive real numbers, then prove that [(1 + a) (1 + b) (1 + c)]7 > 77 a4 b4 c4.
[JEE 2004, 4 out of 60]

Q.10 In the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0, if  = b2 – 4ac and  + , 2 + 2, 3 + 3 are in G.P. where
,  are the roots of ax2 + bx + c = 0, then [JEE 2005 (Screening)]
(A)   0 (B) b = 0 (C) c = 0 (D)  = 0

 n  1  n+1
Q.11 If total number of runs scored in n matches is   (2 – n – 2) where n > 1, and the runs scored in
 4 
the kth match are given by k·2n+1– k, where 1  k  n. Find n. [JEE 2005 (Mains), 2]

Q.12 For n = 1, 2, 3, ....., let

2 3 n
3 3 3 3
A n           .......   1n 1   , and Bn = 1 – An,
4 4 4 4
Find the smallest natural number n0 such that Bn > An for all n  n0. [JEE 2006, 6]

Paragraph for question nos. 13 to 15

Let Vr denote the sum of the first 'r' terms of an arithmetic progression (A.P.) whose first term is 'r' and
the common difference is (2r – 1).
Let Tr = Vr + 1 – Vr – 2 and Qr = Tr + 1 – Tr for r = 1, 2, ... [JEE 2007, 4+4+4]

Q.13 The sum V1 + V2 + ...... + Vn is

1 1
(A) n(n + 1)(3n2 – n + 1) (B) n(n + 1)(3n2 + n + 2)
12 12
1 1
(C) n(2n2 – n + 1) (D) (2n3 – 2n + 3)
2 3

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.14 Tr is always
(A) an odd number (B) an even number
(C) a prime number (D) a composite number

Q.15 Which one of the following is a correct statement?

(A) Q1, Q2, Q3, ....... are in A.P. with common difference 5.
(B) Q1, Q2, Q3, ....... are in A.P. with common difference 6.
(C) Q1, Q2, Q3, ....... are in A.P. with common difference 11.
(D) Q1 = Q2 = Q3 = .......

Paragraph for question nos. 16 to 18

Let A1, G1, H1 denote the arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means, respectively, of two distinct
positive numbers. For n  2, let An – 1 and Hn – 1 have arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means as
An, Gn, Hn respectively. [JEE 2007, 4+4+4]

Q.16 Which one of the following statements is correct?

(A) G1 > G2 > G3 > ......
(B) G1 < G2 < G3 < ......
(C) G1 = G2 = G3 = ......
(D) G1 < G3 < G5 < ...... and G2 > G4 > G6 > ......
Q.17 Which one of the following statements is correct?
(A) A1 > A2 > A3 > ......
(B) A1 < A2 < A3 < ......
(C) A1 > A3 > A5 > ...... and A2 < A4 < A6 < ......
(D) A1 < A3 < A5 < ...... and A2 > A4 > A6 > ......
Q.18 Which one of the following statements is correct?
(A) H1 > H2 > H3 > ......
(B) H1 < H2 < H3 < ......
(C) H1 > H3 > H5 > ...... and H2 < H4 < H6 < ......
(D) H1 < H3 < H5 < ...... and H2 > H4 > H6 > ......

Q.19 A straight line through the vertex P of a triangle PQR intersects the side QR at the point S and the
circumcircle of the triangle PQR at the point T. If S is not the centre of the circumcircle, then
1 1 2 1 1 2
(A) + < QS  SR (B) + > QS  SR
PS ST PS ST
1 1 4 1 1 4
(C) + < (D) + > [JEE 2008, 4]
PS ST QR PS ST QR

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.20 Suppose four distinct positive numbers a1, a2, a3, a4 are in G.P. Let b1 = a1, b2 = b1 + a2, b3 = b2 + a3
and b4 = b3 + a4.
STATEMENT-1 : The numbers b1, b2, b3, b4 are neither in A.P. nor in G.P.
and
STATEMENT-2 : The numbers b1, b2, b3, b4 are in H.P.
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; statement-2 is a correct explanation for statement-1
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for statement-1
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True [JEE 2008, 3 (–1)]

Q.21 If the sum of first n terms of an A.P. is cn2, then the sum of squares of these n terms is
[JEE 2009, 3 (–1)]
n (4n 2 1)c 2 n (4n 2  1)c 2 n (4n 2 1)c 2 n (4n 2  1)c 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
6 3 3 6

k 1
Q.22 Let Sk, k = 1, 2, ......, 100, denote the sum of the infinite geometric series whose first term is and
k!

1
the common ratio is . Then the value of
k
100 2 100 2

  k  3k  1 Sk , is
100! k 1
 [JEE 2010, 3]

Q.23 Let a1, a2, a3.....a11 be real numbers satisfying [JEE 2010, 3]
a1 = 15, 27 - 2a2 > 0 and ak = 2ak_1 – ak–2 for k = 3, 4..... 11.
a12  a 22  .........  a11
2
a  a 2  ......  a 11
If  90 , then the value of 1 is equal to
11 11

Q.24 The minimum value of the sum of real numbers a–5, a–4, 3a–3, 1, a8 and a10 with a > 0 , is
[JEE 2011, 4]
p
Q.25 Let a1, a2, a3, ........., a100 be an arithmetic progression with a1 = 3 and Sp =  a i , 1  p  100. For
i 1

Sm
any integer n with 1  n  20, let m = 5n. If does not depend on n, then a2 is [JEE 2011, 4]
Sn

Q.26 Let a1, a2, a3 ........ be in harmonic progression with a1 = 5 and a20 = 25. The least positive integer n for
which an < 0 is [JEE 2012, 3]
(A) 22 (B) 23 (C) 24 (D) 25
4n k ( k 1)
Q.27 Let Sn =  (1) 2 k 2 . Then Sn can take value(s) [JEE (Advanced) 2013, 4]
k 1

(A) 1056 (B) 1088 (C) 1120 (D) 1332

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.28 A pack contains n cards numbered from 1 to n. Two consecutive numbered cards are removed from
the pack and the sum of the numbers on the remaining cards is 1224. If the smaller of the numbers on the
removed cards is k, then k – 20 = [JEE (Advanced) 2013, 4]

b
Q.29 Let a, b, c be positive integers such that is an integer. If a, b, c are in geometric progression and
a
a 2  a  14
the arithmetic mean of a, b, c is b + 2, then the value of is [JEE (Advanced) 2014, 3]
a 1

Q.30 Suppose that all the terms of an arithmetic progression (A.P.) are natural numbers. If the ratio of the sum
of the first seven terms to the sum of the first eleven terms is 6 : 11 and the seventh term lies in between
130 and 140, then the common difference of this A.P. is [JEE (Advanced) 2015, 4]

Q.31 Let the harmonic mean of two positive real numbers a and b be 4. If q is a positive real number such that
a, 5, q, b is an arithmetic progression, then the value(s) of | q – a | is (are)
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 5
[JEE (Advanced) 2015, MTC, 2]

Q.32 Let bi > 1 for i = 1, 2, ....., 101. Suppose logeb1, logeb2, ....., logeb101 are in Arithmetic Progression
(A.P.) with the common difference loge2. Suppose a1, a2, ......, a101 are in A.P. such that a1 = b1 and
a51 = b51. If t = b1 + b2 + ...... + b51 and s = a1 + a2 + ..... + a51, then [JEE (Advanced) 2016, 3]
(A) s > t and a101 > b101 (B) s > t and a101 < b101
(C) s < t and a101 > b101 (D) s < t and a101 < b101

Q.33 The sides of a right angled triangle are in arithmetic progression. If the triangle has area 24, then what is
the length of its smallest side? [JEE (Advanced) 2017, 3]

Q.34 Let X be the set consisting of the first 2018 terms of the arithmetic progression 1, 6, 11, ….…, and
Y be the set consisting of the first 2018 terms of the arithmetic progression 9, 16, 23, ….…. Then, the
number of elements in the set X  Y is _______. [JEE (Advanced) 2018, 3]

EXERCISE-4
(Potential Problems Based on CBSE)
Q.1 For the A.P., a1, a2, a3, ……, if a4 : a7 = 2 : 3, find a6 : a8.

1 1
Q.2 If mth term of an A.P. is and the nth term is ; show that its (mn)th term is 1.
n m
Q.3 How many terms of the sequences 18, 16, 14,…… be taken so that their sum is zero?

Q.4 In anA.P., the first term is 2 and the sum of the first five terms is one-fourth of the next five terms. Show
that 20th term is –112.

Q.5 The sums of first n terms of two arithmetic progressions are in the ratio 5n + 4 : 9n + 6. Find the ratio of
their 18th terms.

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.6 Between 1 and 31, m numbers have been inserted in such a way that the resulting sequence is an A.P.
and the ratio of 7th and (m – 1)th numbers is 5 : 9. Find the value of m.

Q.7 If the numbers a, b, c are in A.P., show that the following triples of numbers are also inA.P. :
1 1 1
(i) , , ; (a, b, c > 0)
b c c a a b
(ii) a2(b + c), b2(c + a), c2(a + b)
(iii) bc – a2, ca – b2, ab – c2
(iv) (b + c)2 – a2, (c + a)2 – b2, (a + b)2 – c2

Q.8 There are n A.M.s between 3 and 17. The ratio of the last mean to the first mean is 3 : 1. Find n.

Q.9 If a1, a2, ........, an are in A.P., where ai > 0  i, show that
1 1 1 n 1
  .....  = .
a1  a 2 a2  a3 an  1  an a1  a n

11
Q.10 Evaluate  (2  3k ) .
k 1

Q.11(i) The sum of first three terms of a G.P. is 16 and the sum of the next three terms is 128. Determine the first
term, the common ratio and the sum to n terms of the G.P.

(ii) If the 4th, 10th and 16th terms of a G.P. are x, y and z respectively. Prove that x, y, z are in G.P.

(iii) If the first and the nth term of a G.P. are a and b, respectively, and if P is the product of n terms, prove that
P2 = (ab)n .
(iv) The 5th, 8th and 11th terms of a G.P. are p, q and s, respectively. Show that q2 = ps.
Q.12 Find four numbers forming a geometric progression in which the third term is greater than the first term
by 9, and the second term is greater than the 4th term by 18.

Q.13 The sum of two positive numbers is 6 times their geometric mean, show that numbers are in the ratio
3  2 2 : 3  2 2 .
Q.14 The number of bacteria in a certain culture doubles every hour. If there were 30 bacteria present in the
culture originally, how many bacteria will be present at the end of 2nd hour, 4th hour and nth hour?

Q.15 Find the sum to n term of each of the series

(i) 3 × 12 + 5 × 22 + 7 × 32 + ……
(ii) 12 + (12 + 22) + (12 + 22 + 32) + ……
(iii) n2 + 22
(iv) 3 + 7 + 13 + 21 + 31 + ……
13 13  23 13  23  33
(v)    
1 1 3 1 3  5

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

EXERCISE-5 (Rank Booster)

Q.1 The first term of an arithmetic progression is 1 and the sum of the first nine terms equal to 369. The first
and the ninth term of a geometric progression coincide with the first and the ninth term of the arithmetic
progression. Find the seventh term of the geometric progression.

Q.2 The 1st, 2nd and 3rd terms of an arithmetic series are a, b and a2 where 'a' is negative. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd
terms of a geometric series are a, a2 and b find the
(a) value of a and b
(b) sum of infinite geometric series if it exists. If no then find the sum to n terms of the G.P.
(c) sum of the 40 terms of the arithmetic series.

Q.3 Find three numbers a , b , c between 2 & 18 such that;

(i) their sum is 25
(ii) the numbers 2, a, b are consecutive terms of an AP &
(iii) the numbers b , c , 18 are consecutive terms of a GP .

Q.4 In the quadratic equation A 3  2 x 2    

B
3 2
x  C  0 with ,  as its roots.


If A = 49  20 6  14
; B = sum of the infinite G.P. as 8 3  8 6  16  .......
3 3
and |–|= 6 6   k
where k = log610 – 2 log6 5 + log6 (log 6 18  log 6 72) ,
then find the value of C.

Q.5
11
(a) If m be the minimum value of the expression  (n  c) (2n  c) , then find the value of (c + m).
n 1

n
r a  c 
(b) If  1 · 3 · 5 · 7 ..........(2r  1) = 1   where a, b, c  N, a < b and b is
r 1 b  1 · 3 · 5........(2n  1) 
a prime number then find the value of (a + b + c).


Q.6 For 0 <  < , let S() = 1 + (1 + sin ) cos  + (1 + sin  + sin2) cos2 + ... 
2

Then find the value of

 2 1 

S  .
2 4

99
5100
Q.7 Let S =  (25) n  5100
. Find [S].
n 1
Where [y] denotes largest integer less than or equal to y.

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

Q.8 A computer solved several problems in succession. The time it took the computer to solve each successive
problem was the same number of times smaller than the time it took to solve the preceding problem.
How many problems were suggested to the computer if it spent 63.5 min to solve all the problems
except for the first, 127 min to solve all the problems except for the last one, and 31.5 min to solve all the
problems except for the first two?

343
Q.9 Let a and b be positive integers. The value of xyz is 55 or according as a, x, y, z, b
55
are in arithmetic progression or harmonic progression. Find the value of (a2 + b2).

Q.10 In a GP the ratio of the sum of the first eleven terms to the sum of the last eleven terms is 1/8 and the
ratio of the sum of all the terms without the first nine to the sum of all the terms without the last nine is 2.
Find the number of terms in the GP.

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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

EXERCISE-1

SPECIAL DPP-1
Q.1 D Q.2 B Q.3 C Q.4 A Q.5 B
Q.6 D Q.7 C Q.8 D Q.9 A
Q.10 ABCD Q.11 AC Q.12 74

SPECIAL DPP-2
Q.1 B Q.2 C Q.3 B Q.4 D Q.5 C
Q.6 C Q.7 ACD Q.8 ABCD Q.9 (A) P; (B) T ; (C) R ; (D) Q
Q.10 7

SPECIAL DPP-3
Q.1 A Q.2 C Q.3 C Q.4 C Q.5 D
Q.6 B Q.7 B Q.8 B Q.9 D Q.10 3

SPECIAL DPP-4
Q.1 B Q.2 B Q.3 D Q.4 B Q.5 B
Q.6 A Q.7 A Q.8 C Q.9 A Q.10 BD
Q.11 C Q.12 3

SPECIAL DPP-5
Q.1 D Q.2 C Q.3 C Q.4 C Q.5 C
Q.6 D Q.7 8 Q.8 3 Q.9 7 Q.10 3

EXERCISE-2
14n  6
Q.1 Q.2 (i) n = 14; (ii) 102 Q.3 (a) 9 ; (b) 12
8n  23
Q.4 34 Q.5 1027 Q.6 (a) cot 1°, (b) – 180
Q.7 (8 ,  4 , 2 , 8) Q.8 27 Q.9 (i) 2; (ii) 4950
27
Q.10 Q.11 (i) 2n+1  3; 2n+2  4  3n (ii) n² + 4n + 1; (1/6) n (n + 1) (2n + 13) + n
2
1
Q.12 Sn = (3n + 1 + 2n – 3); S8 = 4924 Q.13 8281
4
Q.14 (i) sn = (1/24)  [1/{6(3n + 1) (3n + 4) }] ; s = 1/24 (ii) (1/5) n (n + 1) (n + 2) (n+ 3)(n + 4)
 1 1.3.5.....(2n  1)(2n  1) 
(iii) n/(2n +1) ; (iv) sn = 2   ; s = 1
2 2.4.6......(2n )(2n  2) 
n (n  1) 1
(v) 2 ; s =
2( n  n  1) 2
Q.15 (a) 6, 3; (b) 120, 30 Q.16 (iii) b = 4, c = 6, d = 9 or b =  2, c =  6, d =  18
Q.17 23 Q.18 (i) 10; .(ii) 1 ; (iii) C = 9 ; (3, 3/2 , 3/5)
Q.19 12 Q.20 28
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 SEQUENCE & PROGRESSION

EXERCISE-3
SECTION-A
Q.1 3 Q.2 3 Q.3 3 Q.4 3 Q.5 2
Q.6 1 Q.7 2 Q.8 4 Q.9 2 Q.10 3
Q.11 3 Q.12 4 Q.13 2 Q.14 2 Q.15 4
Q.16 4 Q.17 2 Q.18 2 Q.19 1 Q.20 1
Q.21 4 Q.22 4 Q.23 4 Q.24 3 Q.25 3
Q.26 2 Q.27 1 Q.28 4

SECTION-B
Q.1 A Q.2 C Q.3 D
1
Q.4 A , A ,............ A  H , H ,............ H 
1 2 n 1 2 n
2n

Q.5 D Q.8 B Q.10 C

Q.11 n = 7 Q.12 n0 = 6 Q.13 B Q.14 D Q.15 B
Q.16 C Q.17 A Q.18 B Q.19 BD Q.20 C
Q.21 C Q.22 3 Q.23 0 Q.24 8 Q.25 9
Q.26 D Q.27 AD Q.28 5 Q.29 4 Q.30 9
Q.31 AD Q.32 B Q.33 6 Q.34 3748.00

EXERCISE-4
179
Q.1 4:5 Q.3 19 Q.5
321
3 11
Q.6 14 Q.8 6 Q.10 22 + (3 – 1)
2

Q.11 (i)
16
7
; 2;
16 n
7

2 1  Q.12 3, –6, 12, –24 Q.14 120, 480, 30 (2n)

n n (n  1)2 (n  2) n
Q.15 (i) (n + 1) (3n + 5n + 1); (ii)
2
; (iii) (n + 1) (2n + 1) + 2(2n – 1)
6 12 6
n 2 n
(iv) (n + 3n + 5) ; (v) (2n2 + 9n + 13)
3 24

EXERCISE-5

1 1 1 545
Q.1 27 Q.2 (a) a = – , b = – ; (b) – ; (c) Q.3 a = 5 , b = 8 , c = 12
2 8 3 2
Q.4 (a) 128 Q.5 (a) 130; (b) 4 Q.6 2
Q.7 49 Q.8 8 problems , 127.5 minutes Q.9 50
Q.10 n = 38

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