Extensive Korean Vocabulary List
his list compiles vocabulary from the provided documents, categorized for easier
T
learning. Pronunciation is given in romanization.
I. Greetings and Basic Expressions
Korean Word Pronunciation Meaning
안녕하세요 annyeonghaseyo Hello
감사합니다 gamsahamnida Thank you
죄송합니다 joesonghamnida I'm sorry
실례합니다 sillyehamnida Excuse me
반갑습니다 bangapseumnida Nice to meet you
안녕히 계세요 annyeonghi gyeseyo oodbye (to someone
G
staying)
안녕히 가세요 annyeonghi gaseyo oodbye (to someone
G
leaving)
네/예 ne/ye Yes
아니요 aniyo No
주세요 juseyo Please give me...
몰라요 mollayo I don't know
실례지만 sillyejiman Excuse me, but...
맞아요 majayo That's right.
잠깐만요 jamkkanmanyo Just a moment.
바꿔주세요 bakkwojuseyo lease change (it). Please
P
switch (person on phone)
미안해요 mianhaeyo I'm sorry (informal)
II. People
Korean Word Pronunciation Meaning
친구 chingu Friend
선생님 seonsaengnim Teacher
의사 uisa Doctor
회사원 hoesawon ffice worker/Company
O
employee
요리사 yorisa Cook/Chef
학생 haksaeng Student
분 bun person (honorific)
동료 dongnyo colleague
III. Locations
Korean Word Pronunciation Meaning
한국 hanguk Korea
미국 miguk USA
중국 jungguk China
일본 ilbon Japan
러시아 reosia Russia
캐나다 kaenada Canada
집 jip House/Home
학교 hakgyo School
회사 hoesa Company
병원 byeongwon Hospital
은행 eunhaeng Bank
식당 sikdang Restaurant
수영장 suyeongjang Swimming pool
대사관 daesagwan Embassy
서울역 Seoul yeok Seoul Station
극장 geukjang Theater
백화점 baekhwajeom Department Store
공항 gonghang Airport
길 gil Street, Road
목욕탕 mogyoktang Bathhouse
방 bang Room
서강대학교 seogang daehakgyo Sogang University
여기 yeogi Here
저기 jeogi There
거기 geogi Over there
위 wi On top of, Above
아래 arae Under, Below
앞 ap Front
뒤 dwi Behind
옆 yeop Beside, Next to
안 an Inside
밖 bak Outside
사이 sai Between
쪽 jjok Side, Direction
오른쪽 oreunjjok Right side
왼쪽 wenjjok Left side
버스 정류장 beoseu jeongnyujang Bus stop
지하철 역 jihacheol yeok Subway station
시장 sijang Market
사무실 samushil office
편의점 pyeonuijeom convenience store
근처 geuncheo vicinity
약속 장소 yaksok jangso meeting place
IV. Time
Korean Word Pronunciation Meaning
오늘 oneul Today
내일 naeil Tomorrow
어제 eoje Yesterday
몇 시 myeot si What time
시간 sigan Time
주 ju Week
달 dal Month
년 nyeon Year
아침 achim Morning
점심 jeomsim Lunchtime
저녁 jeonyeok Evening, Dinner
밤 bam Night
표 pyo Ticket
전화번호 jeonhwabeonho Phone number
생일 saengil Birthday
날짜 naljja Date
지난주 jinan ju Last week
이번 달 ibeon dal This month
작년 jaknyeon Last year
올해 olhae This year
내년 naenyeon Next year
요일 yoil Day of the week
월요일 woryoil Monday
화요일 hwayoil Tuesday
수요일 suyoil Wednesday
목요일 mogyoil Thursday
금요일 geumyoil Friday
토요일 toyoil Saturday
일요일 iryoil Sunday
시 si O'clock
첫날 cheonnal first day
언제 eonje when
동안 dongan during
다음에 daeume next time
주말 jumal weekend
V. Objects
Korean Word Pronunciation Meaning
볼펜 bolpen Ballpoint pen
안경 angyeong Glasses
책 chaek Book
의자 uija Chair
컴퓨터 keompyuteo Computer
물 mul Water
커피 keopi Coffee
녹차 nokcha Green tea
콜라 kolla Cola
사이다 saida Cider (Korean Sprite/7Up)
오렌지주스 orenjijuseu Orange juice
바지 baji Pants
모자 moja Hat
운동화 undonghwa Sneakers
사과 sagwa Apple
딸기 ttalgi Strawberry
핸드폰 haendeupon Cellphone
음악 eumak Music
비자 bija Visa
책상 chaeksang Desk
가방 gabang Bag
신문 shinmun newspaper
지갑 jigap wallet
VI. Verbs
Korean Word Pronunciation Meaning
가다 gada To go
오다 oda To come
공부하다 gongbuhada To study
일하다 ilhada To work
운동하다 undonghada To exercise
수영하다 suyeonghada To swim
전화하다 jeonhwahada To call
식사하다 siksahada To eat a meal
보다 boda To see/watch
읽다 ikda To read
듣다 deudda To listen
쓰다 sseuda To write
자다 jada To sleep
만나다 mannada To meet
사다 sada To buy
팔다 palda To sell
만들다 mandeulda To make
청소하다 cheongsohada To clean
요리하다 yorihada To cook
등산하다 deunghanhada To hike
관광하다 gwangwanghada To sightsee
바쁘다 bappeuda To be busy
좋다 johda To be good
싫다 silhta To hate, dislike
입다 ipda To wear
아프다 apeuda To be sick/hurt
열이 나다 yeori nada To have a fever
축구하다 chukguhada To play soccer
농구하다 nongguhada To play basketball
테니스를 치다 teniseureul chida To play tennis
스케이트를 타다 seukeiteureul tahda To skate
드라이브하다 deuraibeu hada To drive
쇼핑하다 syopinghada To shop
이야기하다 iyagihada To talk
웃다 utda To laugh
울다 ulda To cry
걷다 geotda To walk
뛰다 ttwida To run
앉다 anjda To sit
서다 seoda To stand
기다리다 gidarida To wait
시작하다 sijakhada To start
끝나다 kkeutnada To finish
운전하다 unjeonhada To drive
식사하다 siksahada To eat a meal
공부하다 gongbuhada To study
일하다 ilhada To work
숙제하다 sukjehada To do homework
약속이 있다 yaksogi itda To have an appointment
수영하다 suyeonghada To swim
등산하다 deunghanhada To hike
관광하다 gwangwanghada To sightsee
준비하다 junbihada to prepare
결혼하다 gyeolhonhada to marry
기다리다 gidarida to wait
이사하다 isahada to move (house)
피곤하다 pigonhada to be tired
인터넷하다 inteonethada to use the internet
초대하다 chodaehada to invite
배우다 baeuda to learn
산책하다 sanchaekhada to take a walk
가지고 오다 gajigo oda to bring
돈을 찾다 doneul chajda to withdraw money
이메일을 보내다 imeireul bonaeda to send an email
늦다 neutda to be late
타다 tada to ride
갈아타다 garata to transfer
도착하다 dochakhada to arrive
VII. Adjectives
Korean Word Pronunciation Meaning
많다 manhta To be many/much
좋다 johta To be good
바쁘다 bappeuda To be busy
크다 keuda To be big
작다 jakda To be small
비싸다 bissada To be expensive
싸다 ssada To be cheap
맛있다 masitta To be delicious
재미있다 jaemiitta To be interesting/fun
어렵다 eoryeopda To be difficult
쉽다 swipda To be easy
멀다 meolda To be far
가깝다 gakkapda To be near
덥다 deopda To be hot
춥다 chupda To be cold
피곤하다 pigonhada To be tired
행복하다 haengbokhada To be happy
슬프다 seulpeuda To be sad
새 sae new
빠르다 ppareuda to be fast
가깝다 gakkapda to be near
복잡하다 bokjaphada to be crowded
일찍 iljjik early
VIII. Numbers
Korean Word Pronunciation Number Type
일 il 1 Sino-Korean
이 i 2 Sino-Korean
삼 sam 3 Sino-Korean
사 sa 4 Sino-Korean
오 o 5 Sino-Korean
육 yuk 6 Sino-Korean
칠 chil 7 Sino-Korean
팔 pal 8 Sino-Korean
구 gu 9 Sino-Korean
십 sip 10 Sino-Korean
하나 hana 1 Native Korean
둘 dul 2 Native Korean
셋 set 3 Native Korean
넷 net 4 Native Korean
다섯 daseot 5 Native Korean
여섯 yeoseot 6 Native Korean
일곱 ilgop 7 Native Korean
여덟 yeodeol 8 Native Korean
아홉 ahop 9 Native Korean
열 yeol 10 Native Korean
스물 seumul 20 Native Korean
서른 seoreun 30 Native Korean
마흔 maheun 40 Native Korean
쉰 swin 50 Native Korean
예순 yesun 60 Native Korean
일흔 ilheun 70 Native Korean
여든 yeodeun 80 Native Korean
아흔 aheun 90 Native Korean
백 baek 100 Sino-Korean
천 cheon 1,000 Sino-Korean
만 man 10,000 Sino-Korean
IX. Counters
Korean Word Pronunciation Meaning
개 gae Counter for general objects
명 myeong Counter for people
병 byeong Counter for bottles
권 gwon Counter for books
X. Currency
Korean Word Pronunciation Meaning
원 won Korean Won (currency)
얼마예요? eolmayeyo? How much is it?
~원이에요 ~wonieyo It is ~ won.
XI. Other
Korean Word Pronunciation Meaning
뭐 mwo What
이거 igeo This thing
저거 jeogeo That thing
그 geu That
이 i This
도 do Also/Too
많이 manhi A lot
하고 hago And
같이 gachi Together
전부 jeonbu All
수업 sueop Class, Lesson
태권도 taekwondo Taekwondo
영화 yeonghwa Movie
약속 yaksok Appointment, Promise
숫자 sutja Number
I can provide you with detailed information on Korean tenses, particles, and grammar
patterns based on the text.
I. Tenses
orean has several tenses to indicate when an action occurs. Here are some of the
K
fundamental tenses:
● Present Tense:
○ -아/어요: This is the most common way to express thepresent tense in
spoken Korean.
■ For example: 가다 (to go) becomes 가요 (I go).
● Past Tense:
○ -았/었어요： This ending is used to indicate actions orstates that
occurred in the past.
■ For example: 먹다 (to eat) becomes 먹었어요 (I ate).
● Future Tense:
○ -(을) 거예요: This ending expresses intention or futureplans.
■ For example: 하다 (to do) becomes 할 거예요 (I will do).
II. Particles
Particles are crucial in Korean as they indicate the role of nouns in a sentence.
● Subject Particles:
○ 이/가: These particles mark the subject of a sentence.'이' is used after a
consonant, and '가' is used after a vowel.
■ For example: 학생이 (student - subject), 사과가 (apple - subject)
● Object Particle:
○ 을/를: These particles mark the object of a sentence.'을' is used after a
consonant, and '를' is used after a vowel.
■ For example: 책을 (book - object), 우유를 (milk - object)
● Location Particles:
○ 에: Used with verbs like "가다" (to go) and "오다" (tocome) to indicate
the destination.
■ For example: 학교에 가요 (I go to school).
○ 에서: Used to indicate the location where an actiontakes place.
■ For example: 학교에서 공부해요 (I study at school).
● Time Particle
○ 에: Used to indicate a specific time.
■ For example: 3시에 만나요 (Meet me at 3 o'clock).
Other Particles
●
○ 도: Indicates "also" or "too".
■ For example: 저도 학생이에요 (I am a student, too).
○ (으)로: Indicates means, method, direction.
■ For example: 버스로 가요 (go by bus)
III. Grammar Patterns
Here are some essential grammar patterns:
● N -이에요/예요: This is equivalent to "is/am/are" in English.'이에요' is used after a
consonant, and '예요' is used after a vowel.
○ For example: 저는 학생이에요 (I am a student).
● N-있어요/없어요: These expressions mean "to have/there is"and "to not
have/there is not," respectively.
○ For example: 돈이 있어요 (I have money). 돈이 없어요 (I don't have
money).
● V-(으)세요: This is a polite ending used to request orinstruct someone to do
something.
○ For example: 가세요 (Please go).
● V-(지) 마세요: This is used to tell someone not to dosomething.
○ For example: 가지 마세요 (Please don't go).
● V-고 싶어요: This is used to express desire.
○ For example: 한국에 가고 싶어요 (I want to go to Korea)
● V-(으)러 가다/오다: Indicates going or coming for a specificpurpose.
○ For example: 영화를 보러 가요 (I go to see a movie).
IV. Unique Situations
● H
onorifics: Korean has a complex system of honorifics to show respect. Verb
endings and particles change depending on the social status of the person you
are speaking to. For example, the '-세요' ending is a common way to show
respect.
○ Subject Honorifics: The suffix '-(으)시-' is added to verb stems to show
respect to the subject of the sentence.
■ For example: 선생님께서 말씀하셨습니다. (The teacher said...)
Here, '-(으)시-' is added to the verb stem '말씀하-' (to speak).
'께서' is the honorific form of the subject particle '가'.
○ Special Honorific Verbs: Some verbs have special honorific forms.
■ 먹다 (to eat) becomes 드시다
■ 주다 (give) becomes 드리다
■ 있다 (be) becomes 계시다
○ Formality Levels: Korean has several levels of formality, each with distinct
verb endings and sentence structures. The most common levels are:
■ 해요체: Polite form used in most everyday situations.
■ 하십시오체: Formal polite form used in presentations, news
broadcasts, and formal settings.
■ 해체: Informal form used among close friends and family.
■ 해라체: Intimate form used to address people younger than
oneself or of lower social status.
Counters: Korean uses different counters depending on the type of object
●
being counted. For example, '개' is used for general objects, '명' for people, '병'
for bottles, and '권' for books.
● Numbers: Korean has two number systems: Sino-Korean and Native Korean.
Sino-Korean numbers are derived from Chinese and are used for dates, money,
and measurements. Native Korean numbers are used for counting objects and
people.
Korean Numbers and Currency
Korean uses two main systems for numbers: Native Korean and Sino-Korean.
1. Native Korean Numbers
U
● sed for counting objects, people, and age.
● Limited to counting up to 99.
Number Native Korean
1 하나 (hana)
2 둘 (dul)
3 셋 (set)
4 넷 (net)
5 다섯 (daseot)
6 여섯 (yeoseot)
7 일곱 (ilgop)
8 여덟 (yeodeol)
9 아홉 (ahop)
10 열 (yeol)
20 스물 (seumul)
30 서른 (seoreun)
40 마흔 (maheun)
50 쉰 (swin)
60 예순 (yesun)
70 일흔 (ilheun)
80 여든 (yeodeun)
90 아흔 (aheun)
2. Sino-Korean Numbers
D
● erived from Chinese.
● Used for dates, money, phone numbers, measurements, and numbers greater
than 99.
Number Sino-Korean
1 일 (il)
2 이 (i)
3 삼 (sam)
4 사 (sa)
5 오 (o)
6 육 (yuk)
7 칠 (chil)
8 팔 (pal)
9 구 (gu)
10 십 (sip)
100 백 (baek)
1,000 천 (cheon)
10,000 만 (man)
3. Korean Currency
T
● he currency of South Korea is the Won (원).
● When stating amounts, use Sino-Korean numbers.
● Common expressions:
○ 얼마예요? (eolmayeyo?) - How much is it?
○ ~원이에요. (~wonieyo.) - It is ~ won.
Amou orean
K Romanizat English
nt (Hangul) ion
₩1 일 원 il won 1 won
₩10 십 원 sip won 10 won
₩100 백 원 baek won 100 won
1,00 천 원
₩ cheon won 1 ,000
0 won
10,0 만 원
₩ man won 1 0,000
00 won
50,0 오만 원
₩ o-man won 5
0,000
00 won
