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Bma2108 Ordinary Differential Equations SB Main

The document is an examination paper for the course on Ordinary Differential Equations, scheduled for December 7, 2024. It contains various questions covering topics such as distinguishing between ordinary and partial differential equations, solving specific equations, and applying methods like integrating factors and power series solutions. Students are instructed to answer question one and any two additional questions from the paper.

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dngure7777
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42 views3 pages

Bma2108 Ordinary Differential Equations SB Main

The document is an examination paper for the course on Ordinary Differential Equations, scheduled for December 7, 2024. It contains various questions covering topics such as distinguishing between ordinary and partial differential equations, solving specific equations, and applying methods like integrating factors and power series solutions. Students are instructed to answer question one and any two additional questions from the paper.

Uploaded by

dngure7777
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION 2024/2025

SCHOOL OF PURE AND APPLIED SCIENCES


DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL SCIENCES

BMOA/BCOM/BBM/BEDA/BEDS/BSNE
SCHOOL BASED/DIBEL

UNIT CODE: BMA2108 UNIT TITLE: ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL


EQUATIONS

DATE: SAT 7TH DEC, 2024 4.00PM MAIN EXAM TIME: 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS: ANSWER QUESTION ONE AND ANY OTHER TWO QUESTIONS

QUESTION ONE
a) Distinguish between an ordinary differential equation and a partial differential
equation. (3 Marks)

𝑑𝑦
b) Determine whether 𝑦 = 2 + 𝑐𝑒 −2𝑥 is a solution to the equation 𝑑𝑥 + 4𝑥𝑦 = 8𝑥.
(3 Marks)

c) Determine the general solution of the following equations; (6 Marks)


𝑖) 𝑦 ′ = (𝑥 + 2)𝑒 𝑥 𝑦 −2
𝑑𝑦 1
𝑖𝑖) + 𝑦 = 𝑒𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑥

d) Show that the equation (2𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 − (2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0 is homogeneous and
solve. (5 Marks)

e) Solve the exact equation, (2𝑥𝑦 + cos 𝑦 )𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 sin 𝑦) 𝑑𝑦 = 0 . (5 Marks)

Paper One Page 1


𝑑2 𝑠 𝑑𝑠
f) The sales, s of a company are said to respect the logistic − 6 𝑑𝑡 + 9𝑠 =0,
𝑑𝑡 2
determine the general expression of sales in terms of time 𝑡. (3 Marks)

g) Determine the differential equation associated with the primitive; 𝑦 = 𝐶1 𝑒 5𝑥 +


𝐶2 𝑒 7𝑥 . (5 Marks)

QUESTION TWO
a) Solve the following pair of simultaneous differential equations:
𝑑𝑥
3 = 3𝑥 + 2𝑦
𝑑𝑡 given that when 𝑡 = 0, 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑦 = 3
𝑑𝑦
2 + 3𝑥 = 6𝑦
𝑑𝑡
(8 Marks)
b) The equation of motion of a train is given by
𝑑𝑣
𝑚 = 𝑚𝑘(1 − 𝑒 −𝑡 ) − 𝑚𝑐𝑣
𝑑𝑡
Where v is the speed, t is the time and m, k and c are constants. Determine the
speed, given that v=0 at t=0. (8 Marks)

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
c) Solve the equation; 𝑑𝑥 2 + 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0. (4 Marks)

QUESTION THREE
a) Show that the solution of the differential equation
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 3 − 𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2 𝑦 − 5𝑥 3
= is of the form
𝑑𝑥 𝑥𝑦 2 − 𝑥 2 𝑦 − 2𝑥 3

𝑦 2 4𝑦 𝑦 − 5𝑥
2
+ + 18 𝑙𝑛 ( ) = 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 + 42
2𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
When 𝑥 = 1 and 𝑦 = 6 (8 Marks)

b) Find the particular solution for the given differential equation by the method of
undetermined coefficients
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 1
− 7 𝑑𝑥 + 10𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑥 + 20; 𝑦(0) = 0, 𝑦′(0) = − 3 (8 Marks)
𝑑𝑥 2

c) Solve the differential equation, 𝑦 ′′ − 2𝑦 ′ + 5𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑥 . (4 Marks)

Paper One Page 2


QUESTION FOUR
a) Consider the differential equation (4𝑥 + 3𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + (2𝑥𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 0;
i) Show that it is not exact. (3 Marks)

ii) Using an integrating factor of the form 𝑥 𝑛 where n is a positive integer,


solve the equation. (5 Marks)

b) Determine the general solution of the following equations: (10 Marks)


𝑑𝑦
i. 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 𝑙𝑛𝑦 = 𝑥𝑦𝑒 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
ii. (𝑥 + 1) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥(𝑦 2 + 1)

c) Explain what is meant by the term, solution of a differential equation. (2 Marks)

QUESTION FIVE
a) Obtain the power series solution valid in the interval |𝑥| < 𝑅;

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
+ 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + (𝑥 2 + 2)𝑦 = 0 (10 Marks)
𝑑𝑥 2

b) Use the method of variation of parameters to solve


𝑑2 𝑦
+ 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝑥; (10 Marks)
𝑑𝑥 2

Paper One Page 3

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