Beyond Rote
Learning
Christian Puguh Sulistyo
I know that
What’s missing?
Let’s JUMP
“Rote learning helps students remember, but deep learning helps
them understand and transfer knowledge.” – Prof. John Hattie
Why Go Beyond Challenges of traditional learning:
Rote Learning? Surface-level
memorization
Lack of critical thinking Passive learners
Need for meaningful, connected, and reflective learning
Deep Learning
• Deep Learning IS NOT curriculum. It’s a learning approach!
• Deep learning is the process of acquiring these six global competencies:
character, citizenship, collaboration, communication, creativity, and
critical thinking.
• The learning PRINCIPLES are mindful, meaningful and joyful
• The learning EXPERIENCE are to understand, to apply and to reflect.
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6Cs competencies vs 8 profil lulusan
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Learning Principles
• “Active learning involves students in doing things
and thinking about the things they are doing.”
Bonwell & Eison (1991) - interaction,
collaboration, and cognitive engagement in
learning.
• “Self-regulated learners are proactive individuals
who set goals, select strategies, monitor their
progress, and reflect on their learning to
improve their performance.” Zimmerman (2002)
- goal-setting, strategy use, and self-reflection
• “Learning strategies are the special thoughts or
behaviors that individuals use to help them
comprehend, learn, or retain new information.”
O’Malley & Chamot (1990) – cognitive,
metacognitive, social and affective strategies
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Learning Principles
Let’s go deep – beyond surface learning
“Surface learning is when students focus on
memorizing information for assessments rather
than understanding underlying concepts.” Marton
& Säljö (1976)
“Deep learning occurs when learners focus on
understanding meaning, relating new information
to prior knowledge, and critically analyzing content
rather than just memorizing it.” Marton & Säljö
(1976)
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Surface vs Deep Learning
Aspect Deep Learning Surface Learning
Extrinsic (grades, avoiding
Motivation Intrinsic (curiosity, interest)
failure)
Understanding, making Rote memorization, minimal
Approach
connections effort
Passive, reproducing
Engagement Active, critical thinking
information
Knowledge
Long-term understanding Short-term recall
Retention
Can transfer knowledge to Limited to specific tasks or
Application
new contexts exams
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Learning Principles
“A positive learning environment is one where
students feel psychologically safe, valued, and
encouraged to participate actively in the learning
process.” Fraser (1986)
“A challenging learning environment provides tasks
that are slightly beyond a learner’s current abilities
but achievable with guidance, fostering cognitive
development.” Vygotsky (1978) – Zone of Proximal
Development (ZPD)
“Learning should be enjoyable and engaging, as
students learn best when they actively participate
in meaningful experiences that spark curiosity and
interest.” Dewey (1938) – Experiential Learning
“A motivating learning atmosphere provides
meaningful goals, engaging tasks, and positive
reinforcement to sustain students’ effort and
interest in learning.” Brophy (2004) – Motivational
Teaching Strategies
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