Investigative Mcu
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ScribdTranslationsCIRCULAR MOVEMENT EXERCISES
UNIFORM
1.- A particle describes a U.M.R. with a radius of 10 m. If its initial position forms an angle of 30.oregarding the
positive direction of the x-axis and its speed is 3π m/s, determine:
a) La posición (ángulo en grados) y el espacio recorrido a los 2 segundos.( 138o, 6π m) b) El
time it will take to complete 3 laps. (20 s)
c) The number of laps it will complete in 30 seconds. (4.5 laps)
6.7 s
a) Using the equation:
x = Vi*t
x = ( 3π m / s ) * ( 2 s )
x = 6π m⇒ space traveled
x = r*θ
θ=x/r
θ = ( 6π m / 10 m )
θ = 1.88 rad
1.88 rad * (360° / 2π rad) = 108°
β = 108° + 30°
β = 138°⇒ angled position
b) Time it will take to complete 3 laps
3 laps * (2π rad / 1 lap) = 18.85 rad
s = (18.85 rad) * (10 m)
s = 188.5 m⇒ distance traveled
t = (188.5 m) / (3π m/s)
t = 20 s⇒ time it takes to complete 3 laps
c) # of laps that will be completed in 30 s
s = ( 3π m/s ) * (30 s )
s = 282.74 m
θ = ( 282.74 m) / ( 10 m )
28.274 rad
28,274 rad * (1 turn / 2π rad) = 4.5 turns
d) Period and frequency
T = (2π)*(r) / v
T = (2π)*(10 m) / (3π m/s)
T = 6.7 s⇒ period
f=1/T
f = 1 / (6.7 s)
f = 0.15 rev/s⇒ frequency
3.-Draw the vectors that represent velocity and acceleration at various points along the trajectory of a
M.C.U.
The velocity vector has a constant magnitude and is tangent to the circle at any of its points.
The acceleration is centripetal, also of constant magnitude. It has the direction of the radius, inward in any of
his points.
Velocity and acceleration are always perpendicular to each other.
5.- A rod 3 m long rotates about one of its ends at 20 rpm: Calculate:
The period and the number of revolutions it will make in 15 s. (3 s ; 5 rev)
speed of the other end of the rod. (2π m/s)
The speed of a point on the rod located 1 m from the fixed end. (2.1 m/s)
speed of a point on the rod located 2 m from the fixed end. (4.2 m/s)
a) For circular motion, the period is the time it takes to complete one turn,
generally expressed in seconds.
For this case T = 1 min / 20 rev . 60 s / min = 3 seconds
The number of revolutions is N = 20 rev/min . 15 s . 1 min / 60 s = 5 revolutions.
b) It is necessary to find the angular velocity of the rod in rad/s.
ω = 20 rev/min . 2 π rad/rev . 1 min/60 s = 2.09 rad/s
v = ω R = 2.09 rad/s . 3 m = 6.28 m/s
c) v = 2.09 rad/s . 1 m = 2.09 m/s
d) v = 2.09 rad/s . 2 m = 4.19 m/s
A car wheel takes 20 seconds to cover 500 meters. Its radius is 40 cm. Find the number of turns it will make.
cover the 500 m and the RPM at which it spins.
(199 rev; 596.8 rpm)
L = 2·π·r = 6.28·40 = 251.2 cm. I will convert to meters to work with the same units -----> 251.2 cm. = 2.5
m. measures the wheel (rounding to the tenths)
If every 2.5 m is one turn of the wheel, dividing:
500 ÷ 2.5 = 200 laps (or revolutions, it's the same)
How do you make those 200 laps in 20 seconds, using a rule of three...?
In 20 seconds, it does 200 laps.
In 60 seconds (1 min.) it will give 'x'.
x = 60×200 / 20 = 600 rpm (revolutions per minute)
2s
Angular speed
w = 2 π / time frequency
w = 30x 2π / 60
w = 3.14(PI)
w=2, T=2π, w=2π, π=2s
11.-The wheel of a bicycle with a radius of 45 cm rotates an angle of 3 radians in a time of 2 seconds.
Find:
a) The number of revolutions per minute at which the wheel rotates. (14.3 rpm)
b) The linear velocity of a point on the wheel and the distance that point will travel in 3 minutes.
0.675 m/s
a) ωrpm= 1.5x30/π= 14.32 rpm
13.-If a motor spins at 8000 rpm, determine: a) its
angular velocity (837.76 rad/s) b) its
period (0.007 s)
a) ω = 8000 revolutions / min . 2 π rad / revolution - 1 min / 60 s = 837.8 rad/s
b) ω = 2 π / T; T = 2 π / ω
T = 2 π / 837.8 rad/s = 0.007 s
15.-Calculate the speed of a rotor spinning at 3000 rpm if its radius is 0.8 m. (251.3 m/s)
w = 300 rpm
R = 0.8 m
v=?
We convert rpm to rad/s
w = (3000 rev/min) (1 min) / (60 s) (2π rad) / (1 rev) =
w = 3000 (2π rad) / 60 s
w = 6000πrad / 60s
w = 6000 (3.1416) / 60s
w = 18849.6 rad / 60s
w = 314.16 rad/s
We calculate the tangential speed
v=w*R
v = 314.16 rad/s * 0.8 m
v = 251.32 m/s
Answer
v = 251.32 m/
17.- The tangential speed of a material point located 0.6 m from the axis of rotation is 15 m/s. Find:
the angular velocity (25 rad/s)
the period (0.25 s)
Vt = Va * radius
Replacing:
15 = 0.6 * (Angular speed)
25 rad/s
Period = 2π / (angular velocity)
Replacing:
2π/25
3
19.-The wheels of a bicycle move at a speed of 15 m/s, if its radius is 30 cm, what will be the
normal or centripetal acceleration? (750 m/s)2)
a = v²/r
The radius must be converted to meters.
30 cm = 0.3 m
a = 15²/0.3
a = 750 m/s²
21.-The angular velocity of a moving point is 5 π rad/s, what is the velocity if the radius of gyration is 16 cm? (2.5
m/s)
Vt = w * r
Where w is the angular velocity and r is the radius:
First we convert 16 cm to meters,
16cm = 16 * 10^-2m = 0.16m
Replaced:
Vt = (5π rad/s)(0.16)
2.512 m/s
23.- A satellite orbits around the Earth at a height of 210 km above the Earth's surface. If its acceleration
centripetal is 9.2 m/s2and the radius of the Earth is 6370 km. Determine:
a) La velocidad a la que se desplaza el satélite (7780,5 m/s) b) El
orbital period of the satellite (5313.8 s - 1h 28min 33s)
If ac = V² / R
R = 6370 km + 210 km = 6580 km = 6580000 m
V = √(R . ac) = √(6580000 m . 9.2 m/s²) = 7780 m/s
27.-A pulley A with a diameter of 30 cm is connected by a transmission belt to another pulley B with a diameter of 50 cm.
Determine the frequency of pulley B if A has a frequency of 20 rps. (12 rps)
The transmission ratio between the two pulleys is:
f1 x D1 = f2 x D2
where
frequency of speed of pulley A = 20 rps
diameter of pulley A = 30 cm
f2: speed frequency of pulley B
D2: diameter of pulley B = 50 cm
Replacing :
20 rps x 30 cm = f2 x 50 cm
f2 = (20 x 30)/50 = 12
Therefore, the frequency of pulley B is 12 rps.
29.-Calculate the normal or centripetal acceleration of a particle at the tip of a fan blade of 0.3 m.
diameter, rotating at 1200 rpm.
We know that ac = ω² R
