Faculty of Engineering
Electrical Systems Engineering Department
Electromagnetics II, ECE344
Model Answer of Quiz # 2
1) In a non-magnetic region, the electric field of an EM wave is given by
20 sin(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) 𝑎𝑥 + 5 sin(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) 𝑎𝑧 𝑉 ⁄𝑚. Using Maxwell’s equation, find the
Magnetic field intensity [8 Marks]
Since dealing with a non-magnetic medium; 𝜇𝑟 = 1 & 𝜎 = 0
𝐸̅ = 20 sin(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) 𝑎𝑥 + 5 sin(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) 𝑎𝑧
𝜕𝐵̅
∇ × 𝐸̅ = −
𝜕𝑡
𝑎𝑥 𝑎𝑦 𝑎𝑧
𝜕𝐸 𝜕𝐸 𝜕𝐸 −𝜕𝐸𝑥
𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆 = |𝜕⁄𝜕𝑥 𝜕⁄𝜕𝑦 𝜕⁄𝜕𝑧 | = ( 𝑧 ) 𝑎𝑥 − ( 𝑧 − 𝑥 ) 𝑎𝑦 + ( ) 𝑎𝑧
𝐸𝑥 0 𝐸𝑧 𝜕𝑦 𝜕𝑥 𝜕𝑧 𝜕𝑦
𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆 = [5 cos(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) × 5]𝑎𝑥 − [20 × cos(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) × 5]𝑎𝑧
∴ 𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆 = 25 cos(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) 𝑎𝑥 − 100 cos(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) 𝑎𝑧
∴ 𝐵̅ = − ∫(∇ × 𝐸̅ ) 𝑑𝑡
= − ∫ 25 cos(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) 𝑎𝑥 𝑑𝑡 − ∫ −100 cos(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) 𝑎𝑧 𝑑𝑡
−25 100
𝐵̅ = 9
sin ( 10 9
𝑡 + 5𝑦 ) 𝑎𝑥 + 9
sin(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) 𝑎𝑧
10 10
∴ 𝐵̅ = −25 sin(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) 𝑎𝑥 + 100 sin(109 𝑡 + 5𝑦) 𝑎𝑧 𝑛𝑇
̅⁄
̅ =𝑩 𝟔 𝟔
∴𝑯 𝝁 = −𝟏𝟗. 𝟗 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟏𝟎 𝒕 + 𝟓𝒚) 𝒂𝒙 + 𝟕𝟗. 𝟔 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟏𝟎 𝒕 + 𝟓𝒚) 𝒂𝒛 𝒎𝑨⁄𝒎
Calculate the frequency of such a wave. [2 Marks]
𝜔 = 109 = 2𝜋𝑓 → ∴ 𝒇 = 𝟏𝟓𝟗. 𝟏𝟓 𝑴𝑯𝒛
2) Now treat problem no. 1 using plane wave formulas to calculate:
a) The propagation constant, wavelength, wave velocity and intrinsic impedance.
[6 Marks]
Since the medium is Lossless
∴ 𝜶 = 𝒛𝒆𝒓𝒐
∴ 𝜷 = 𝟓 𝒓𝒂𝒅⁄𝒎
𝜸 = 𝒋𝟓 𝒎−𝟏
2𝜋
𝜆= = 𝟏. 𝟐𝟔 𝒎
𝛽
𝜔 109
∴𝑢= = = 𝟐𝟎𝟎 × 𝟏𝟎𝟔 = 𝟐𝟎𝟎 𝑴𝒎⁄𝒔
𝛽 5
𝜔 109
𝛽 = √𝜇𝑟 𝜖𝑟 →5= √1 × 𝜖𝑟 →∴ 𝜖𝑟 = 2.25
𝑐 3 × 108
𝜇𝑟 1
| | = 120𝜋√ = 120𝜋√
𝜖𝑟 2.25
∴ | | = 𝟐𝟓𝟏. 𝟑𝟑 𝒐𝒉𝒎 & ∴ 𝜽 = 𝟎𝟎
b) The Magnetic field intensity. [4 Marks]
𝐸
| | = | |
𝐻
𝐸1 20 𝐸2 5
∴ |𝐻1 | = | | = = 79.58 𝑚𝐴⁄𝑚 ∴ |𝐻2 | = | |= = 19.89 𝑚𝐴⁄𝑚
251.33 251.33
𝑎𝐾 × 𝑎𝐸1 = 𝑎𝐻1 𝑎𝐾 × 𝑎𝐸2 = 𝑎𝐻2
∴ −𝑎𝑦 × 𝑎𝑥 = 𝑎𝑧 ∴ −𝑎𝑦 × 𝑎𝑧 = −𝑎𝑥
̅ = −𝟏𝟗. 𝟖𝟗 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝒕 + 𝟓𝒚) 𝒂𝒙 + 𝟕𝟗. 𝟓𝟖 𝐬𝐢𝐧(𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝒕 + 𝟓𝒚) 𝒂𝒛 𝒎𝑨⁄𝒎
∴𝑯
3) A 75 𝞨 lossless line operating at 400 𝐾𝐻𝑧 is connected to a voltage source of 50 𝑉
whose input impedance of 𝑗10 𝞨, and is terminated with a load of 60 𝞨. If the line is of
length 60 𝑚 and of material (𝜇𝑟 = 1, 𝜖𝑟 = 2).
a) Draw the system described [1 Mark]
T.L
Zg
Z0
ZL
Vg
b) Find 𝒁𝒊𝒏 and the voltage at the sending end [2 Marks]
𝜔 2𝜋 × 400 × 103
𝛽= √𝜇𝑟 𝜖𝑟 = √1 × 2 = 11.85 𝑚𝑟𝑎𝑑 ⁄𝑚
𝑐 3 × 108
𝛽𝑙 = 11.85 × 10−3 × 60 = 0.711 𝑟𝑎𝑑 → ∴ 𝛽𝑙 ≅ 40.70 → ∴ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛽𝑙 = 0.86
𝑍𝐿 + 𝑗𝑍0 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛽𝑙
𝑍𝑖𝑛 = 𝑍0
𝑍0 + 𝑗𝑍𝐿 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛽𝑙
60 + 𝑗 64.5 6606.92⌊36.210
𝑍𝑖𝑛 = 75 =
75 + 𝑗 51.6 91⌊34.530
∴ 𝒁𝒊𝒏 = 𝟕𝟐. 𝟔⌊𝟏. 𝟔𝟖𝟎 = 𝟕𝟐. 𝟓𝟕 + 𝒋 𝟐. 𝟏𝟑 𝞨
Zg
0 0 Zin
𝑍𝑖𝑛 72.6⌊1.68 3630⌊1.68
𝑉0 = 𝑉𝑔 = 50 =
𝑍𝑖𝑛 + 𝑍𝑔 72.57 + 𝑗 2.13 + 𝑗10 73.58⌊9.490
∴ 𝑽𝟎 = 𝟒𝟗. 𝟑𝟑⌊−𝟕. 𝟖𝟏𝟎 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒕 Vg
c) Find 𝒁𝒊𝒏 and the voltage at the receiving end [2 Marks]
∴ 𝑍𝑖𝑛 ≡ 𝑍𝐿 = 60 𝛺
𝑉𝐿 = 𝑉0 𝑒 −𝛾𝑙 = 𝑉0 𝑒 −𝑗𝛽𝑙 Since the T.L is lossless, there exists no attenuation constant
0 0
𝑉𝐿 = 49.33 𝑒 −𝑗7.81 𝑒 −𝑗40.7
𝟎
∴ 𝑽𝑳 = 𝟒𝟗. 𝟑𝟑 𝒆−𝒋𝟒𝟖.𝟓𝟏 ≡ 𝟒𝟗. 𝟑𝟑 𝒆−𝒋𝟎.𝟖𝟓 𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒕
d) The reflection coefficient at both, the source and load [2 Marks]
Z L Z 0 60 75
L
Z L Z 0 60 75
L 0.111
in L e 2 z 0.111 e j 2 l
in 0.111 e j1.422
e) The standing wave ratio at both, the source and load [2 Marks]
1 in 1.111
SWR in 1.25
1 in 1 0.111
1 L 1.111
SWR L 1.25
1 L 1 0.111
f) The input impedance at the mid-point of the transmission line [1 Mark]
At the mid-point of the T.L, therefore the length will be 60⁄2 = 30 𝑚
𝛽𝑙 = 10.47 × 10−3 × 30 = 0.3555 𝑟𝑎𝑑 → ∴ 𝛽𝑙 = 20.40 → ∴ 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛽𝑙 = 0.37
60 + 𝑗27.75 4957.98⌊24.820
𝑍𝑖𝑛 = 75 =
75 + 𝑗22.2 78.22⌊16.50
∴ 𝒁𝒊𝒏 = 𝟔𝟑. 𝟑𝟗⌊𝟖. 𝟑𝟐𝟎 𝜴 = 𝟔𝟐. 𝟕 + 𝒋 𝟗. 𝟏𝟕 𝞨
