Unit – 1 Important Questions & Answers (Computer Networks)
2 MARKS:
1. Define Computer Network?
A computer network is a collection of interconnected computers and devices that can share data,
resources, and services.
2. Define Internet?
The Internet is a global network of interconnected computer networks that use the TCP/IP protocol
to communicate and exchange information.
3. What is ARPANET?
ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) was the first operational
packet-switching network and the precursor to the Internet, developed by the U.S. Department of
Defense in 1969.
4. What do you mean by network topology?
Network topology refers to the physical or logical arrangement of network devices and cables.
5. What is a network? And what are the benefits of the networks?
A network is a group of interconnected devices that can communicate with each other. Benefits
include resource sharing, centralized data management, cost savings, and better communication.
6. What do you mean by half-duplex?
Half-duplex communication allows data to travel in both directions, but only one direction at a time.
7. Define multiplexing and demultiplexing?
Multiplexing is combining multiple signals for transmission over a single medium. Demultiplexing is
separating those combined signals at the receiver end.
8. What are the different transmission media?
Transmission media include guided (twisted pair, coaxial cable, fiber optic cable) and unguided
media (radio waves, microwaves, infrared).
5 MARKS:
9. Explain the types of transmission modes.
• Simplex: Data flows only in one direction.
• Half-duplex: Data flows in both directions but one at a time.
• Full-duplex: Data flows in both directions simultaneously.
10. What is network topology? Explain the different network topologies.
Network topology describes the layout of network connections. Types include:
• Bus topology
• Star topology
• Ring topology
• Mesh topology
• Hybrid topology
11. What are the different types of networks? Explain in detail.
• LAN (Local Area Network)
• MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
• WAN (Wide Area Network)
• PAN (Personal Area Network)
• WLAN (Wireless LAN)
12. What are the applications of Computer Networks?
• Resource sharing (printers, files)
• Communication (email, chat)
• Data sharing and storage
• E-commerce and online services
• Distributed computing
10 MARKS:
13. Explain the OSI reference model with neat diagram.
The OSI model has 7 layers:
1. Physical layer
2. Data link layer
3. Network layer
4. Transport layer
5. Session layer
6. Presentation layer
7. Application layer
Each layer provides services to the layer above and communicates with its peer layer in other
systems.
14. Explain the TCP/IP reference model with neat diagram.
TCP/IP model has 4 layers:
1. Network Interface layer
2. Internet layer
3. Transport layer
4. Application layer
It is the foundation of the Internet.
15. What is OSI Model? Explain the functions and protocols and services of each layer.
The OSI model standardizes network communication into seven layers. Each layer has functions:
• Physical: Transmission of raw data
• Data Link: Error detection/correction
• Network: Routing and addressing
• Transport: Reliable data transfer
• Session: Establish/manage sessions
• Presentation: Data translation/encryption
• Application: User interface, network services
16. Briefly explain different types of transmission medias in computer networks?
• Twisted Pair Cable
• Coaxial Cable
• Fiber Optic Cable
• Wireless Media (Microwave, Radio, Infrared)
