Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research

General Directorate of Technological Studies

Higher Institute of Technological Studies of Medenine

Drafting Guide
of a Project Report
End of Studies
Document prepared for students of Applied Bachelor in

Mechanical Engineering

Developed by: Taieb NAILI

Mechanical Engineering Technologist

Academic Year: 2012/2013

Guided development of a Final Project Report Table of contents

Table of contents

2
Preface…………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………..………………………

3
[Link]………………………………………………………………..…………………………………...………..………….…………
1.1 Definition of the final year project (PFE)
1.2 Objectives of a final project internship
1.3 Choice of the project theme
1.4 Documentation & Bibliography
1.5 Approach to the final project

7
FinalReport……………………………………………….………………………….…………………………………………………….
2.1 Content and quality
2.2 Structure of the final report

[Link]………………………………………………………..…….……….13
[Link]………………………………………….………………………….……………………………...………………17
[Link]é&PowerPointPresentation………………………………………..….……………….……………………20
5.1 Preparation of Slides

5.2 Recommandations

5.3 After the presentation

Guided development of a Final Study Project Report FOREWORD

PREFACE
As part of their studies, each student (or a pair of students) at ISET is

called to write a final study report (PFE).

The final study report is of a technical nature. The report is carried out in a context

professional or academic, is produced at the end of a research or achievement

carried out as part of an engineering project and usually leads to a

recommendations.

This is an 'action' document based on a strategy; the author presents it.

his work and justifies it in view of a final decision.

The present 'Guided elaboration of a Final Project Report' has been written

in order to provide students with all the necessary information and guidelines to structure

and write a report that meets professional standards. It also aims to

answer several questions of a technical, methodological, or strategic nature that a

questions a student might have during the structuring and writing of their final report

of studies.

However, this document is in no way a limitation of the scope of creativity,

the originality and imagination of the student.

It does not, either, represent a substitute for the coach who remains the most qualified to guide.

the student. However, the order of the parts must be respected.

This guide aims to harmonize the methods and teaching tools to be used for a

better coherence and improved readability of theses.

Taieb NAILI 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Guided preparation of a Final Project Report GENERALITIES

1. GENERALITIES
[Link] of the final study project (PFE)
The final study project (PFE) constitutes a supplement to practical training.
mandatory for ISET students. It's a professional work assignment, under
form of a supervised engineering project by at least one teacher
the establishment. Any student aiming to obtain a bachelor's degree
applied must successfully complete a graduate thesis project.
Thesis topics can be proposed either by university teachers or
professionals. Students can carry out the activities of their
projects either in laboratories of educational institutions or in
professional companies in Tunisia.
The final project internship is a 4 to 5 month internship undertaken by the
students generally during the 6ththsemester
The grade awarded to a student following their final project internship will be
accounted as 20 credits;
The final year project internship allows the student to complete their training by
a professional situational context and to deepen knowledge and
to acquire rigorous methods of investigation and work;
During the internship period, the student must comply with the discipline of
the company or organization that hosts it, especially in terms of attendance and
punctuality
The student must comply with the confidentiality requirements set by the company;
The student is called to apply himself and give his best as well.
in terms of work discipline in respect of the institution it represents and
the organization that welcomes it;
These internships are very rarely paid.

At the end of the year, students who have completed their projects will have to present.
their work in front of a jury made up of teachers and professionals, who
will evaluate the aforementioned presentation.

Taieb NAILI 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Guided development of a Final Year Project Report GENERALITIES

1.2. Objectives of a final year project

Through the activities of the final year project, the future graduate is called to show
his skills and scientific and technical abilities to:

understand the context of the project and the issue raised in the notebook
charges
better plan and manage the different activities of the project,
conduct bibliographic research effectively,
formulate correctly the approaches of studies related to the subject area,
propose feasible and optimized designs,
master new tools and technical environments,
carry out development or engineering work,
analyze the results obtained and formulate relevant conclusions,
value the work done and the results achieved,
write a well-structured report following the rules of scientific writing,
prepare a clear presentation for the oral presentation.

[Link] of project theme

The project's theme must align with a need expressed by the company. It must
respond to a central issue that generally boils down to a single one
central question.
It is recommended to avoid overly vague themes in which the student is likely to
to get lost and waste time in the project delineation.
When determining the theme of the report, the student must take into consideration
several criteria:
His mastery of the chosen theme (prior knowledge)
The existence of accessible and sufficient documentation for this topic
The possibility of undertaking the project in the available reception unit
The availability of the information necessary for empirical validation
The time required to complete the project
The availability of mentors (educational and professional) who can guide him.
properly

Taieb NAILI 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Guided development of a Final Graduation Project Report GENERALITIES

1.4. Documentation & Bibliography

It must define the theoretical framework of the project and respond to its
problematic. It will also allow to determine the scientific tools to
use for the project.
To gather information, the student could draw from several sources, including
notably:
The existing literature in the library
The theoretical concepts acquired during his training (the integrated courses)
Previous work done in the field (theses, projects, studies
...etc.
Specialized journals in the field
Websites dealing with the theme of the project (avoid sites whose content is
difficult to verify, as not everything that is on the internet is necessarily
correct

Once the documentation is completed, the student can draft the plan for their project.
while being aware of the limitations of the available information.

1.5. Approach to the final study project

The final project concerns all students. It is scheduled throughout
of the sixth and final semester of studies during which students are
will be dedicated full-time to the PFE;
The proposals for graduation project topics, from teachers or companies,
must be submitted to the mechanical engineering department of the ISET of
Médenine at the latest, the second week of February. Any subject of PFE.
must be validated in advance by a committee in the department (or in the case
decided by the department director;
During the project period, students are required to communicate at least once.
Once a month, the progress of their project work to their supervisors.
They must write a project report following the required standard format.
in this guide;
At the end of the semester, each student presents a report describing the entire
work completed and the results obtained and the presentation before a defense jury
;
The number of pages in the report, excluding annex pages (annexes, appendices...)
must be greater than 30;

Taieb NAILI 4 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Guided development of a Final Project Report GENERALITIES

Only students who have acquired are authorized to support the final project.
an authorization from the supervisors;
Before the defense date, students are required to submit to the
department secretariat, adhering to the deadlines set in advance:
one number of copies of the report (paper);
Note: this number will be set by the scientific council
2. A copy of the specifications signed by the supervisor and the director of
department
3. a CD containing an electronic copy of the report (Doc file) and
the presentation (PowerPoint file);
After the defense and the possible correction of the errors pointed out by the
jury members, the following items must be submitted to the library:
a copy of the report (paper);
- a CD containing an electronic copy of the final report (DOC and PDF files),
the presentation (PowerPoint file) and the Solidworks files (if they exist);
Each graduation project is subject to an evaluation resulting in a grade.
which must be greater than or equal to 10 out of 20 for the project to be validated;
In the case of an unvalidated project, the evaluation jury will judge the work by one
the following assessments:
correction of the report;
an extension of the project's period;
Realization of a new PFE.

Taieb NAILI 5 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Guided preparation of a Final Study Project Report Final Report

Final Report
2.1. Content and quality

The final project report (PFE) must summarize all the work carried out.
by the student during their internship. Thus, it must be a personal effort in which
the student must express their ideas in a coherent manner and using their own
The student must also avoid "copy/pasting" from different websites.
the internet, which sometimes does not contain correct information or provides
information off the topic being addressed.
Finally, the student should avoid including any unnecessary information that does not
direct interest in understanding the report (for example, user manual
of software, explanation of how a known system works, etc.). In this case,
It is better to include a reference to the source that contains the original information.
detailed.
A university document includes a cover, a title page, a table
subjects, an introduction and a general conclusion, a certain number of
chapters also including introductions and conclusions, tables and
schemes and appendices.
Number of pages: An internship report for a final study project (PFE)
should contain at least 30 pages.

Printing: only on the front side A4 format

Binding: The binding must be done on the left

2.2. Structured final study report

The presentation of the pages of the final study project report is subject to an order.
precise. In addition, certain writing standards must be respected for the
different parts of the document:
preliminary pages;
Body of the document;
additional pages.

Taieb NAILI 6 Department of Mechanical Engineering

 Guidelines for the development of a final project report Final Report

The report must include the following sections in order:

Cover page;
The dedications;
The acknowledgments;
The Table of Contents;
The list of figures;
The list of tables;
The general introduction;
The technical content (in the form of 2 or 3 chapters);
The general conclusion;
The bibliographic references (Bibliography & Netography);
The appendices (optional part);
Summary and keywords in Arabic, French, and English.

Taieb NAILI 7 Department of Mechanical Engineering

 Guided development of a Final Project Report Final Report

2.2.1. Cover pages & Summaries

a) Main cover page (cover page)
The cover page is the cover page of the report. This page allows the
reader to take note of the origin of the document as well as the subject matter addressed.
The following elements must appear on the page:
The establishment;
Type of document presented (final year project);
Title of the final study report;
First names and last names of the different supervisors;
Date: The scheduled date of the defense or the current academic year.

b) Second cover page

This page (back of the report) must contain a summary (of 100 to 150 words) of the work
performed, expressed in the three languages: Arabic ‫ )ﻣﻠﺨﺼﺺ‬French (Summary), English
The abstract places the project in its context, presents its objectives, its or
his method(s) and summarize the main results of the work. It must be complete and
sufficiently informative to be understood independently of the project report.
Each summary must end with a list of keywords.

2.2.2. Dedications (optional page)

The dedication page is optional. It is left to the student's discretion to make

pleasure for those for whom work really matters.
This is a personal writing of a few lines in which you express your
gratitude to the people in your family, your close circle, and your friends.

2.2.3. Acknowledgments

It was obviously about thanking the responsible people of the hosting organization, the
supervisors (educational (ISET) and professional) and anyone who contributed
contribution to your work.
When several students are involved in the completion of the final project, it
It is important to clearly identify them and describe their specific contribution.
Avoid overly learned or overly warm formulas. Stay true and sincere.
The format is free, which will allow you to express yourself in your own style.
The study report is a document of a nature academic, it is appropriate to express one's
I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to all those who have supported me throughout this journey. Your encouragement and belief in my abilities have been invaluable. I am grateful for the time and effort you have dedicated to helping me reach my goals. I would also like to extend my appreciation to my family and friends for their unwavering support. Your kindness and understanding during challenging times have made a significant difference in my life. It is a privilege to have you by my side. Finally, I would like to thank my mentors and colleagues who have shared their wisdom and knowledge with me. Your guidance has shaped my path, and I am fortunate to have learned from such remarkable individuals. Thank you for being a source of inspiration.

Taieb NAILI 8 Department of Mechanical Engineering

 Guided elaboration of a Final Project Report Final Report

2.2.4. Table of contents

The table of contents allows, through pagination, to find the place where
a sought-after element by the reader. The table of contents must be generated
Automatically. To do this, use styles for formatting your titles.
It should not present more than three levels of subtitles. It is important to
highlight that the table of contents begins with the introduction and ends with the
bibliographic references or the bibliography (or the appendices if there are any).

Example:
Table of Contents
Dedications
Acknowledgements
General introduction ................................................. 1

Chapter 1. Presentation of the host company

1. Presentation of the organization .................................................3

1.1 Organization chart ……………………………………………………………….…………………3

1.2 The different services.....................................................6

Chapter 2. Name Chapter 2............................................................ 10

Chapter 3. Chapter name 3...............................20

General conclusion ………………………………………………………...…...…...…...……. ...50
Bibliography .............................................................. 52

Netography ....................................................................................... 51

Annexes ...................................................................................... 53

2.2.5. List of tables

As soon as the final report includes more than three tables, a list of the tables
is presented after the table of contents. The list of tables presents the number and the
Title of each table. The number corresponds to the order of appearance of the table in a
chapter (e.g.: table 2.4 refers to chapter 2 and the fourth table).
It is generated automatically.
Example:
List of tables

Table 1.1. Summary table of the existing ...

Table 2.4. Table of possible values ................................................. 25

Tableau 3.1. Data Dictionary………………………………………………………..……40

Note: you can use 'Tab' instead of 'Table'.

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 Guided preparation of a Final Study Project Report Final Report

2.2.6. List of figures

The list of figures (graphs, illustrations, photographs) follows the same rules of
presentation than those planned for the list of tables. This section is generated
automatically.
Example:
List of figures
Figure 1.1. Organizational chart............................................................04

Figure 1.4: Tangential and radial efforts in a gear………….............………………..….25

Figure 2.4. Diagram of the solution....................................................40

Note: you can use 'Fig' instead of 'Figure'

2.2.7. General introduction

The general introduction allows access to the content of the report. It serves to capture
the reader's attention and to pique their interest in discovering the answer to the
problem presented.
The general introduction should be written once the internship report is completed.
is completed. It must mention the issue, the interest, the objectives of the
research and the methodology adopted. Indeed, the content of each chapter is
briefly announced.
The length of the introduction can vary between one and three pages.
2.2.8. Development of the chapters
This is the essential part of the report. The report is generally made up of
chapters, but can also be subdivided into parts and subparts. Each chapter
is structured in a way that remains connected to what precedes and follows. The content
and the sequence of the chapters must conform to the methodology followed for
the development of the project (regarding the steps and models).
Each chapter includes:
An introduction that presents the content of the chapter;
The development of the chapter content;
a conclusion aimed at synthesizing the chapter and announcing the
next chapter;
The numbering within a chapter should be done in hierarchical form in
using Arabic numerals.
Example:
1. xxxxxx
1.1. yyyyy
1.1.1. zzzzz

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 Guided preparation of a Final Project Report Final Report

2.2.9. General conclusion

The conclusion should develop the following points:
Reminder of the objectives of the final year project;

Summary of the work done;

Limits and perspectives of the work done.

2.2.10. Bibliography and Netography

a) Bibliography:
The bibliography lists all the books, documents, communications and
scientific articles related to a given subject, which have been consulted for writing
of the report but that are not referenced.
The bibliography is organized in alphabetical order by authors: Author's name in
capital letters, title of the work in italics, place and publishing house, year, number of
pages, here are the 5 elements of a bibliographic entry to indicate according to the model
following
[i] AUTHOR_NAME1, AUTHOR_NAME2, "Title of the work", place of publication,
name of the publisher
Example:
The Art of the Thesis
pages.

b) Netography:
Websites visited during the development of the project, with a brief description of
consulted theme (one or two lines at most) plus the date of the last visit.
Example:
Rules of French Typography: April 2013

2.2.11. Annexes
List of explanatory documents, diagrams, supplementary sheets, etc.
Each appendix must have a title.

2.2.12. Glossary (optional): Explains little-known terms related to a specific activity.

2.2.13. Index (optional)
It groups the various subjects addressed as well as the mentioned names in alphabetical order.
in the text (people, places, software, products, concepts, etc.) with indication of the page where
they are listed. The index is generated automatically on two columns.

Taieb NAILI 11 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Guidelines for the Development of a Final Study Project Report DRAFTING STANDARDS

3. PRESENTATION AND WRITING STANDARDS

Respecting presentation standards allows the student to produce a report of
final year project of quality and facilitates the understanding of readers (members
of the jury). The same format (layout, title format, subtitles, paragraphs,
…) must be maintained throughout the report. To do this, if you use Microsoft
Word (or equivalent) it is strongly recommended to use Styles for the
different parts of the text. The styles ensure having a uniform report and
allow the automatic generation of the table of contents.
Using the stylesheet does not lock you into a template. You can
choose the font, size, color, etc. of your titles.
The stylesheet defines all the styles used in the report. You just need to choose them.
for each part of the text:
Word 2007 and later: select the text you want to apply the style to and
press the desired style at the top of the window.

Word 2003: select the text to which you want to apply the style then
select the desired style from the styles menu at the top left (under the bar
of tools):

3.1. Body of text

Choose the Normal style for the body of the text in the report.
3.2. Titles and Subtitles
Following the hierarchy in the document, choose style Title 1 for the chapter titles, the
styleTitle for the titles of Dedications, Acknowledgments, Summaries, etc., and the styles
Title 2, Title 3, and Title 4 for the different levels of titles and subtitles. It is preferable
to stop at level 4 of title hierarchy. If in one case it is necessary to add a
lower-level subtitle, you can use bullets such as: etc.).

Taieb NAILI 12 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Guided elaboration of a Final Year Project Report WRITING STANDARDS

3.3. Figures and Tables

Each figure (or table) must have a number and a title. The number must be
composed of the chapter number followed by the sequential number of the figure (or
table) in the chapter. For a figure, the title must be written at the bottom. On the other hand,
For a table, the title must be written at the top. Use the Caption style for titles.
Figures (or tables) while bolding the first part of the title (see
examples below). It is always important to ensure that the title and the figure (or table)
Corresponding items do not appear on two different pages.
Examples:

Figure 1.4: Tangential and radial efforts in a gear

=====================================================

Table 1.2: History of failures

3.4. Pagination
The page numbering must start from the introduction and end
to the bibliographic references (or the appendices if any). The numbers must
to be centered at the bottom of the footer. The dedications, the acknowledgments, and the table
materials must not be paginated (or can be paginated using some)
Roman numerals in uppercase I, II, III,...

Taieb NAILI 13 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Guided preparation of a Final Project Report WRITING STANDARDS

Notes: Word 2007

1) To change pages, avoid pressing the 'Enter' key until you reach the other side.
page. Make 'Insert Page Break'. Thus, the structure will not move, even if you
make changes to your document.
2) For automatic insertion of footnotes: References Insert a note of
bottom of the page.

3) To delimit the part that will not be paginated from the paginated part, you must
insert a continuous section break between the two parts: Page layout Jumps of
pages Continuous section jump (on the page before the table of contents).
Then place your cursor at the bottom of the table of contents page. Click
twice to display the header and footer. A new banner
A tools menu appears where you can read "Link to previous" in orange. You
you must definitely uncheck it for your two parts to be good
distinct. Finally, go to "Page number" to choose the position of your
number as well as its format. This position and this format are inscribed
automatically continuously on the table of contents page and the pages
Next. Close the header and footer.

3.5. Header and footer

Only the paginated sections should have a header and a footer.
The font size must not exceed 9 points.
In the header, you need to put:
on the left: the title of the PFE report;
to the right: ISET of Medenine;
A line (horizontal line) is used to separate the header from the body of the text.
In the footer, you need to put:
on the left: the names of the students: Last Name First Name, Last Name First Name;

centered: pagination;
on the right: the current academic year;
A line separating them from the text of the page.

3.6. Table of contents

After finishing the writing of the report, and thanks to the use of heading styles
subtitles, the summary of the report can be generated automatically by Word. A
Once the summary is generated, the modifications made to the text are reflected.
automatically on the summary by clicking on the button (or menu for Word
Update the table.

Taieb NAILI 14 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Guided development of a Final Project Report WRITING STANDARDS

Procedure to follow:
In Word XP or 2003, click where the table of contents should be inserted, then click
on the 'Insert' menu, select 'Reference', 'Tables and indexes';

In the window that appears, click on the Table of Contents tab and choose the
options as shown in the figure below.

Word 2007 or later, under the 'References' tab, click on the 'Table of' group.
subjects", then click at the bottom of the menu on "Insert a table of contents"
to display the previous window.

Taieb NAILI 15 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Guided preparation of a Final Year Project Report PRACTICAL ADVICE

4. PRACTICAL ADVICE
WRITING
It is recommended to start writing as early as possible, as soon as the plan is set.
in place. Allow at least two months for writing.
To make your report harmonious and therefore pleasant to read, it is recommended
to use:
the same typography: a single font for the entire document
(variation possible with size, bold, and italic). Except for the page of
coverage where greater freedom is tolerated;
the same layout: a single composition principle for the entire document
(margin, line spacing, note, hierarchy) ;
The text should not be too dense and its content should be balanced. It should be avoided
era
to write in the first person person 'I' (except for acknowledgments). Use of
preference for "we";
To write the report correctly, it is advisable to use the spell checker.
of spelling and grammar integrated into the text editor. For example,
Microsoft Word underlines spelling mistakes with a red line and mistakes
by marking grammar errors with a green line and providing suggestions for correction
when you right-click on the mistake. It is also recommended
that the student gives his report to a French teacher to correct it beforehand
to submit the final copy;
The importance of proofreading: do you proofread yourself and have others proofread for you
people. During a first reading, check the meaning, and during a second
lecture, look only at the words to correct any potential mistakes
of spelling or typing (note, automatic correctors do not "see"
not everything) ;

Once your report is written, reviewed, and corrected, you can insert automatically
all the tables (summary, annex table, table of contents, etc.) if you
you used the style sheet. A very appreciable time saving;
Use short and well-constructed sentences;
Group all the sentences that address the same idea into one paragraph;
Do not use 'one';
Use 'we' for the presentation of your work;
Use 'he' to present the mode of operation;

Taieb NAILI 16 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Guidance for Developing a Final Study Project Report PRACTICAL ADVICE

Do not use underlining for titles or parts of sentences;

Do not use colors for chapter titles;
Frame the figures, center them, and add captions (same principle for the
(tableaux);
Try to write balanced chapters in terms of volume (number of
pages) ;
In the report, one should go from the most general to the most detailed;
Avoid short paragraphs (2 or 3 lines), and sentences that are too long (3 lines).
or more)
Avoid '...' and replace it with 'etc.';
Put the full text of the acronyms you use during the first.
occurrence
Avoid footnotes as much as possible;
Avoid empty spaces on the pages (due to figures), the figures need to be moved.
to avoid leaving blank areas in the middle of the chapters;
The numbering starts (1) from the page 'General Introduction';
Before printing your report, think about converting it to PDF. This way, your
memory will not undergo any changes during printing.

TYPOGRAPHY

. Some typographic rules

Abbreviations: Must be explained in the glossary;

The acronyms;
. They are written in capital letters and without a period when read letter by letter.
(CSA) ;
. They are written with the first letter capitalized and the rest in lowercase.
when they are pronounced like a word (Onu, Éna).
The capitals;
. Capitals must be accented;
(CONVENTION CENTRE and not CONGRESS HALL)

. You must capitalize the first letter at the beginning of a sentence, verse, quote, of
proper noun and first name;

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Guided development of a Final Project Report PRACTICAL ADVICE

. As well as the names of peoples and inhabitants when they are names
common but not when they are qualifying adjectives or designate
the language of the country. (This Italian actress loves the French, but does not speak

not for that reason French).

The numbers;
They usually write it out in full:
(twenty, the sixties, sixth grade) ;
-Dates are written in Arabic numerals (2014);
Centuries and political regimes are written in Roman numerals (XXI)century);
We say second when a list goes beyond two and second if it is.
stops at two.
Punctuation: One speaks of a space in typography
Simple signs (the period, the semicolon, and the ellipsis) do not
take only one space after ;
Double signs (the colon, the semicolon, the exclamation mark, the
question mark, quotation marks, and parentheses) take a space before
and a space after ;
No space inside brackets, quotation marks, and parentheses;
-No space before and after the hyphen, as well as the apostrophe;
A space after the dash if it is used for a list;
- etc. is never followed by an ellipsis. Either we put three dots of
suspension or etc., but not both.

LAYOUT

Recommended font: Times New Roman;

Font size: 12 pts;
Line spacing: 1.5;
The text must be justified;
The document margins = 2.5 cm (top, bottom, right, left);
Standardize the spacing between titles and paragraphs;
Avoid underlining and bold, but also italics, which are mainly used for
citations;
We must adopt the same type of chips and the same withdrawal for the same level;
Each item ends with a semicolon except the last one, which ends with a period.

Taieb NAILI 18 Department of Mechanical Engineering

Guideline for the Development of a Final Study Project Report EXPOSÉ

5. EXHIBIT & POWERPOINT PRESENTATION

5.1. Preparation of the Slides

On the day of the defense, each student (or pair) must give a presentation on their
work before a jury based on a PowerPoint presentation (or equivalent).
The duration of the presentation is 20 minutes, followed by a discussion of about 15 minutes.
Thus, to not exceed the allotted time, the presentation must contain at least
maximum between 15 and 20 slides that contain the essentials of the work done.
The presentation must contain the following elements:
Cover page that includes the title of the thesis, the names of the students and the
supervisors ;
The outline of the presentation;

An introduction;
Presentation of the host company and the context of the internship;
The purpose of the work done;
The technical content;
The conclusions;
The perspectives.

5.2. Recommendations

In the presentation, the following points must be respected:

Use a font size larger than 20 that preferably has the style.
Grass
Ne pas utiliser de longs paragraphes mais écrire chaque idée sous forme de tirets
(fleas)
Use more figures than text;
Ensure that the figures used are readable; otherwise, they should not be included.
Choose text colors that have a high contrast with the background color.
plan (the colors may be slightly different on a projector!) ;
Put numbers on all the slides (bottom right);
During the presentation, it is imperative to avoid reading the text from the slide.
word for word. It is better to use the presentation as support to remember.
Ideas to present while expressing them differently;

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Guidelines for the Preparation of a Final Study Project Report EXPOSE

Leverage your resources.

The body:
Adopt a stable and contracted position;
Don't stay "stuck" to the keyboard or the projector;
Never turn your back when addressing the jury;
Avoid unnecessary movements and gestures.

The voice:
Volume: Speak loudly;
Rate: Speak slowly;
Pauses: Take a few small silences;
Voice modulation:
. Expressive soup (do not keep the same tone, rhythm);
. Release your energy.

The gestures:
Support your statements with appropriate gestures and movements;
Avoid distracting gestures: playing with the pen, swinging legs, hands
in the pockets.

The gaze:
Ensure brief eye contact with the participants;
Avoid looking at the ceiling, the floor, your documents, or always the same.
persons.

5.3. After the presentation

Take note of the feedback given to you. Show open-mindedness and
compare them with your own impressions. Your next presentation will not be
what better.

So, get your pencils and keyboard ready!

Good writing...

Taieb NAILI 20 Department of Mechanical Engineering