30.7.
241
AIM
ANALYSIS
OF SIMPLE SALT
4
To identify the anions and cations of the
MATERIALS REQUIRED
given simple salt.
1. Test tubes, 2. Test tub stands, 3.
spatulas, 4. watch glass, 5. Some chemicals.
dil. Hu, oil. H2SO4, NH4OH, NH 4 Cl etc.
PROCEDURE
Т
PRELIMINARY TEST
1.
Colour and appearance of
Colour us
given
salt is noted
2. Solubility
a. In water
b. In cil HUL
Absence of (Cu2+), (Ni 2+) (CO 2+) (Mn 2+ Jetc.
(Ni 2+)
Soluble but precipitate Absence
in Naco
насоз
Soluble
of (NHL)
ammonium
Absence of (PISA)
No.
3.
Experiment
Observation
Inference
red frame
Presence
of (Ba2+)
་་
Flame Test
A little of the salt is
made into
ce with
paste
1 or 2 drops of
conc. HCce
and Shown to a non
luminous flame using a glass rod.
Brick red
1.
Test with dil. Hce
No Brisk efferuespence
2.
A little of the given salt
is treated
Test with ouil H2504
A little of the salt is
rubbed with oil. H2SO4
SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS OF ANIONS
Absence of carbonate
Ссоза
with dil. Hel
Smell of vinegar
Presence
of Acetate. (C2H382)
in a
watch
glass.
111
2CH3COONa + H2O4S
Na2SO4 + 2 CH3COOH
CONFIRMATORY TEST FOR ACETATE
Alittle of the salt sol. is
treated with neutral
Deep red coloured sol.
Presence of Autate confirmed CC2H3O2)
2.
ic chloride
ferric
(CH3COO)Fe + 2420
> сн3соосон Fe+аснасоон
Duasant fruity smell.
Presence of acetate
confirmed (Cz Hz O2)
To a little of the salt, conc. H2SO4 and ethyl
alcohol are added,
heated and then poured into a beaker containing
water.
2 CH SCOONa+ H2SO4
CH3COOH + C2H5OH
-> Na, 304 +2CH3COOH -> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
* Report = The anion present in the given salt=
in the given salt: Acetate (CH3 200) (CH3C00") SYSTEMATIC
ANALYSIS OF CATIONS
TV
1. Test for zero group (NH4+)
A little of the salt is Theated with NaOH solution.
2.
Test for group I
Dil. Hce is
added
a little of salt sol.
II
to
3. Test for group
Hydrogen sulphide gas is passed through a littl
a
of
the salt sol.
No smell of NH3
Absence of ammonium
(NH4)
No precipitate formed.
Absence of group I
(Pb2+)
No precipitate formed.
Absence
of group II (Cu2+)
No.
Experiment
Observation
Inference
Test for group
4.
To a little
5.
W
No gelatinous precipitate
salt
little of the
Sol add NH4Cl and
excess of NH4OH SOI.
Test for group IV,
H2S
gas
is passed through the above sol., t.e
Saut sol. + Solid NHull+
он
excess of NH4OH sol.
6. Test
Test for group I
To a little of the salt sol., add мни си, инион soli, and (NH4)2 CO 3 Sol.
Absence of group !!!
III (AR3+)
No precipitate formed
Absence
of group
IV
(Mn2+)
white precipitate formed
Presence of group I
Cca2+ / Sr+
/ Ba2+)
1.
MC&2 + (NH4)2CO3
-> MCO 3 +2NHCe
I
(M = Ca, Sr, Ba)
CONFIRMATORY TESTS FOR GROUP CATIONS
A little of the Salt 301. is
And then divided into 3
Salt sor. is added with oil. Autic acid and
aciclified
To the fi
first part, add dil, potassium chromate 301.
parts.
No yellow precipitate
formed.
Absence of Barium (Ba2+)
2. To the second
Second part,
add ammonium
охалаte 301.
3.
Flame Test
A little of the solid salt is made into a
CaCl2 + (NH4)2(204 > CaC2O4 + NH4Cl
Brick red frame colour
is
past
imparted to the
frame.
white precipitate formed. Presence
(Ca2+)
calcium
of calcium confirmed. (ca2+)
Presence
with 2 drops of conc. Hel
in a watch glass and it
is shown to a non-
luminous
glass
flame using
a
rool.
* Report
= The
cation present in the
given
salt=
Calcium (ca2+)
ས་
RESULT
૨.
The
3.
The
The anion present in the given cation present in
the given
in the given salt is - Calcium (Ca2+.) given simple salt
is
-
salt is -
1
Acetate (fats (5) (CH3.000
calcium Acetate (calcH3C00)2)
24
