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86. Presumptive coliform count
[Link] E. coli
88. Serodiagnosis of typhoid fever/Widal test
89. Halophilic Vibrios
90. Kanagawa phenomenon
91. Bacterial pigments
92. Meliodosis
93. Cat scratch disease
94. Rat bite fever
95. X and V factor
96. Satellitism
97. Chancroid
98. HACEK bacteria
99. Acellular pertussis vaccine
100. Q fever
101. Drug resistance in M. tuberculosis/MDR
TB/XDR-TB
102. Acid Fast Staining
103. BCG vaccine
104. Tuberculin test
105. Lepromin test
106. RNTCP guidelines on diagnosis of pulmonary
tuberculosis
107. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis
108. MOTT/NTM
109. VDRL/RPR test
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119. Trachoma
120. Lymphogranuloma venereum (LG)
121. Bacterial infections of the eye
122. Antifungal drugs
123. Mycetism/Mycotoxicosis
124. Fungal culture media
125. Dernmatophytes
126. Candidiasis
127. Cryptococcosis
128. Dimorphic fungi
129. Aspergillosis
130. ld reaction
131. Dematiaceous fungi
132. Mycetoma
133. Rhinosporidiosis
[Link]
135. Histoplasmosis
136. Fungal spores
137. Viral replication
138. Cultivation of viruses
139. Viral morphology
140. Interferon
141. Inclusion bodies
142. Negri body
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T4Z. IVegrr Douy
143. Cell culture/Tissue culture
144. Bacteriophage
145. Viral vaccines
[Link] effect
147. Oncogenesis
148. Burkitts' lymphoma
149. Viral latency
150. Prion diseases
151. Delta virus
152. HBSAg
153. Immune response to Hepatitis virus
154. HCV
155. Rabies vaccines
156. Ebola virus
157. Dengue shock syndrome
158. Diarrheal viruses
159. Antiviral drugs
160. Molluscum contagiosum
161. HIV post-exposure prophylaxis
162. Swine flue/Bird flu
163. Chikungunya virus
164. Emerging viral diseases
165. AIDS
166. SARS
167. Infectious mononucleosis
16Q \/ariralla-7nctar
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84. TTaveler s alarrhea
85. ETEC/EIEC/EHEC/EPEC
86. Presumptive coliform count
87. Diarrheagenic E. coli
88. Serodiagnosis of typhoid fever/Widal test
89. Halophilic Vibrios
90. Kanagawa phenomenon
91. Bacterial pigments
92. Meliodosis
93. Cat scratch disease
94. Rat bite fever
95. X and V factor
96. Satellitism
97. Chancroid
98. HACEK bacteria
99. Acellular pertussis vaccine
100. Q fever
101. Drug resistance in M. tuberculosis/MDR
TB/XDR-TB
102. Acid Fast Staining
103. BCG vaccine
104. Tuberculin test
105. Lepromin test
106. RNTCP guidelines on diagnosis of pulmonary
tıuhaPOulaoic
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[Link]-gonoccal urethritis (NGU)/ Non-specific
urethritis
68. Elek's test
69. Lysogenic conversion
70. Diphtheroids
71. Toxigenicity tests for Corynebactium
diphtheria
72. DPT vaccine
73. Malignant pustule
74. Hide Porter's disease
75. Nagler reaction
76. Litmus milk test/Stormy clot
77. Toxins of Clostridium perfringens
78. Antibiotic associated pseudomembranous
colitis
79. Bacterioides
80. Actinomycosis
81. Bacterial vaginosis
82. Mclntosh Filde's Jar/Gas Pak system
83. Bacterial normal flora
84. Traveler's diarrhea
85. ETEC/EIEC/EHEC/EPEC
86. Presumptive coliform count
87. DiarrheagenicE. coli
88. Serodiagnosis of typhoid fever/Widal tes
89. Halophilic Vibrios
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43. Mutation
44. Polymerase Chain Reaction
45. Plasmid
46. String test
47. Phage typing
[Link] safety cabinets
49. Staphylococcal toxins
50. Superantigen
51. Toxic Shock Syndrome
52. Coagulase test
53. Catalase test
54. MRSA
55. Antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus
aureuS
56. Coagulase Negative Staphylococci
57. ASO test
58. Flesh eating bacteria
59. CAMP test
60. Enterococci
61. Viridans Streptococci
62. Quellung reaction
63. C-Reaction Protein (CRP)
64. Pneumococcal vaccine
65. Meningococcal vaccine
66. Oxidase test
67. Non-gonoccal urethritis (NGU)/ Non-specific
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21. Differences between eukaryotes and
prokaryotes
22. Antiseptics
23. Quaternary ammonium compounds
24. Chemisterilants
25. Autoclave
26. Hot air oven
27. Tyndallization
28. Inspissation
29. Pasteurization
30. Surface-active agents
31. Sterilization controls
32. Biosafety
33. Selective media
34. Enriched media
35. McConkey's agar
36. Anaerobic culture media
37. Biphasic media
38. Transport media
39. Bacterial growth curve
40. Conjugation
41. Transduction
42. Transposons/jumpinggenes
43. Mutation
44. Polymerase Chain Reaction
45. Plasmid
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WIUT eXAIpiES.
57. Drawa neat and labelled diagram of an lgG
molecule. Describe the properties of all the
classes of immunoglobulins.
58. Describe the cells of the reticuloendothelial
system. Describe their role in innate
immunity.
59. Classify immunity. Describe the various
mechanism of innate/acquired immunity.
60. Classify hypersensitivity reactions. Describe
the mechanism of action of
Immediate/Delayed hypersensitivity
reactions.
61. What is autoimmunity. Describe the
pathogenesis of various autoimmune
disorders and tests employed to detect them.
62. What are immunodeficiency disorders?
Describe briefly the various T-cell/B-cell
related immunodeficiencies.
63. What is the basis of humoral/cell-mediated
immune response? Describe the process with
an illustration.
64. Classify vaccines. Write notes on various
vaccines administered as per national
immunization programme.
65. Draw the two common complement
activation nathwavs and descrihe the
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1. Contributions of Louis Pasteur
2. Contributions of Robert Koch
3. Koch's postulates
4. Nobel Prize winners related to microbiology
5. Morphological forms of bacteria
6. Bacterial spore
7. Flagella
8. Bacterial cell wall
9. Bacterial capsule
10. Intracytoplasmic inclusions
11. L-forms
12. Pili
13. Biofilm
14. Endotoxin
15. Differences between endotoxin and exotoxin
16. Bacteriocine
17. Darkground staining
18. Negative staining
19. Phase-contrast microscope
20. Electron microscope
21. Differences between eukaryotes and
prokaryotes
22. Antiseptics
23. Quaternary ammonium compounds
24. Chemisterilants
25. Autoclave
<
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51. Describe the etiology, life cycle,
pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and
treatment of toxoplasmosis.
52. Name the parasites causing infections in the
immunocompromised. Describe the
pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of
Cryptosporidium.
53. Name the species of Plasmodium and
differentiate their features. Describe the life
cycle, laboratory diagnosis and treatment of
malaria.
54. Name the filarial nematodes. Describe the life
cycle, laboratory diagnosis and treatment of
bancroftian filariasis.
55. Name the parasites causing infection of the
nervous system. Describe the life cycle.
laboratory diagnosis and treatment of
Acanthamoeba infection.
56. Classify antigen-antibody reactions. Describe
the various types of
agglutination/precipitation reactions along
with examples.
57. Draw a neat and labelled diagram of an lgG
molecule. Describe the properties of all the
classes of immunoglobulins.
58. Describe the cells of the reticuloendothelial
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45. Name the viral diseases of childhood.
Describe the etiology, pathogenesis,
laboratory diagnosis and prophylaxis of
measles.
46. Name the opportunistic viral diseases.
Describe the pathogenesis, laboratory
diagnosis and treatment of CMV infections.
47. Classify Picornaviridae. Describe the
pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and
prophylaxis of polio.
48. Enumerate the nematodes infesting intestine.
Describe the life cycle, laboratory diagnosis
and treatment of
roundworm/hookworm/pinworm.
49. Classify tapeworms. Describe the life cycle,
laboratory diagnosis and treatment of
conditions produced by tapeworm.
50. Describe the life cycle, pathogenesis,
laboratory diagnosis and treatment of
entamoeba infection.
51. Describe the etiology, life cycle,
pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and
treatment of toxoplasmosis.
52. Name the parasites causing infections ir *h
immunocompromised. Describe the
pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of
38. Classify arboviruses. Describe the
pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of
dengue.
39. Describe the pathogenesis, laboratory
diagnosis,and prophylaxis of rabies.
40. Enlist the oncogenic viruses. Describe the
mechanism of oncogenic transformation.
41. Describe the pathogenesis, laboratory
diagnosis, and treatment of HIV infection.
42. Name the virus transmitted parenterally.
Describe the pathogenesis, laboratory
diagnosis,and treatment of HCV.
43. Name the sexually transmitted viral
infections and their etiological agents.
Describe the pathogenesis, laboratory
diagnosis, and treatment of papilloma virus.
44. Enlist the viruses causing respiratory tract
infections. Describe the pathogenesis and
laboratory diagnosis of influenza.
45. Name the viral diseases of childhood.
Describe the etiology, pathogenesis,
laboratory diagnosis and prophyl axis of
measles.
46. Name the opportunistic viral diseases.
Describe the pathogenesis, laboratory
diagnosis and treatment of CMV infections.
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31. What are dermatophytes? Enlist the various
dermatophytic infections along with their
etiological agents. Describe the process of
laboratory diagnosis and treatment.
32. Name the sub-cutaneous fungal infections
along with their etiological agent. Describe
the pathogenesis and laboratory diagnosis of
eumycotic mycetoma.
33. Name the systemic fungal infections along
with their etiological agent. Describe the
pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and
treatment of histoplasmosis.
34. Enumerate the opportunistic fungal
infections along with their etiological agent.
Describe the pathogenesis and laboratory
diagnosis of candidiasis.
35. Classify viruses. Describe the strategies
adopted in the laboratory diagnosis of viral
infections.
36. Classify Herpes viruses. Describe the
pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis, and
treatment of HSV infections.
37. Name the viruses causing hepatitis. Describe
the pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis,
prophylaxis and treatment of HBV infecti
38. Classify arboviruses. Describe the
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22. What is meant by nosocomial infection?
Which are common nosocomial pathogens?
Describe the various infections produced by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
23. Name the bacterial etiolgical agents of food
poisoning. Describe the strategy involved in
diagnosingoutbreaks of food-poisoning.
24. Describe the pathogenesis, laboratory
diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of
plague.
25. Describe the pathogenesis, classification,
laboratory diagnosis, and treatment of
leprosy.
26. Name the bacterial STDs. Describe the
pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis, and
treatment of syphilis.
27. Classify treponemes. Describe the
pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis,and
treatment of leptospirosis.
28. Classify Rickettsiae. Describe the etiology,
pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and
treatment of spotted fevers.
29. Classify Chlamydia. Describe the various
infections produced by C. trachomatis along
with its laboratory diagnosis and treatme
30. Classify fungi and their diseases. Describe
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16. Classify Clostridia. Describe the
pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis,
treatment and prophylaxis of gas gangrene.
17. Classify the non-sporing anaerobes. Describe
the various infections produced by them and
the strategies adopted to culture them.
18. Classify Enterobacteriaceae. Mention the
various infections produced by Escherichia
coli. Describe the laboratory diagnosis and
treatment of acute cystitis.
19. Name the bacteria capable of causing
dysentery. Describe the pathogenesis,
laboratory diagnosis and treatment of
bacillary dysentery.
20. Describe the etiology, pathogenesis,
laboratory diagnosis, treatment and
prophylaxis of enteric fever.
21. Enumerate the bacteria causing
gastroenteritis. Describe the pathogenesis,
laboratory diagnosis, treatment and
prophylaxis of cholera.
22. What is meant by nosocomial infection?
Which are common nosocomial pathogens?
Describe the various infections produced h
Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
23. Name the bacterial etiolgical agents of food
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9. What is pyogenic meningitis? Enlist the
various etiological agents and describe the
pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis,
treatment and prophylaxis of Neisseria
meningitis.
10. Which are the bacterial STDs? Write the
pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and
treatment of gonorrhoea.
[Link] the infections produced by
pneumococcus. Describe the pathogenesis,
laboratory diagnosis, treatment and
prophylaxis of pneumococal pneumonia.
12. Classify Mycobacteria. Describe the
pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis,
treatment and prophylaxis of pulmonary
tuberculosis.
13. Enlist the bacterial zoonotic diseases.
Describe the pathogenesis, laboratory
diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of
anthrax.
14. Define Pyrexia of Unknown Origin. Describe
the pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis and
treatment of brucellosis.
15. Describe the pathogenesis, laboratory
diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis of
diphtheria.
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[Link] the structure of bacterial cell with the
aid of a neatly labelled diagram. Also
mention the roles of these structures and
methods of their detection.
2. Define sterilization. Classify various methods
of sterilization with suitable examples.
3. Define disinfection. Classify various methods
of disinfection with suitable examples.
4. What are culture media. Classify the types of
culture media with examples and their uses.
5. Describe the various methods of horizontal
gene transfer among bacteria and mention
their significance.
6. Enlist the virulence factors of
Staphylococcus aureus. Describe the various
conditions caused by this bacterium along
with their laboratory diagnosis.
7. Classify Streptococci. Describe the virulence
factors of Streptococcus pyogenes along
with the lesions produced and the laboratory
diagnosis.
8. Enumerate the pyogenic bacteria. Describe
the procedure involved in the diagnosis of
any suppurative infection.
9. What is pyogenic meningitis? Enlist the
VarioIC otiolonica anonte and docoriho tho
