PROJECT – DESIGN OF HIGH-RISE
BUILDING (B + G + 22)
REPORT SUBMISSION
(2024-25)
GROUP - 11
GUIDED BY –
Prof. Damodar Maity
Prof. Biswanath Banerjee
Prof. Sushanta Chakraborty
TEAM MEMBERS –
Sadbhav Pradhan 22CE10064
Rohit Kumar 22CE10061
Rounak Risu 22CE10062
Rupam Mahato 22CE10063
Saloni Shaw 22CE10065
Vikas Meena 22CE30031
Yuvraj Gill 22CE3EP27
CONTENTS –
1. Problem Statement
2. IS Codes, Materials Considered
3. Location, geometry & floor area,
particulars of the apartment
4. General Arrangement Drawing
5. Views of the Apartment
6. Beam Column Layout
7. Load Calculations
8. Load Combinations
9. Load Applications in STAAD Model
10. Information Regarding Beams &
Columns
11. Comparison of manual calculations
with staad pro results
1. BEAM
2. COLUMN
3. SLAB
12. Foundation Design
13. Design of Shear Wall
14. Calculations of shear wall
15. Beam-Column Junction
16. Staircase Design
17. Plumbing Calculations
18. Design of Underground Sewer Systems
19. General Requirements
20. Road-Network Layout
21. Quantity and cost estimation
PROBLEM STATEMENT-
Design a steel concrete composite residential tower comprising of
four apartments in each floor with the following information
supplied.
1. The campus is located at Gandhinagar.
2. The Residential Tower will be of (B+G+22) storeys.
3. Each floor will have five apartments; three studio apartments
(built-up area = 40±10 m2 each) and two 2-BHK apartments
(built-up area = 60±10 m2 each)with common facilities.
4. The bearing capacity of the soil for towers with odd group
number is 10 ton/m2.
5. Clear height of basement and ground floor is 2.80 m.
6. Height of each floor is 3.1 m.
7. Analysis and design of the Towers should comply with the
latest Indian Codes of Practice.
8. For all RCC structural elements, M30 grade of concrete and
Fe500 steel will beused. For steel members, Fe410 grade will be
used.
9. The floor diaphragms are assumed to be rigid.
10. Centre-line dimensions will be followed for analysis.
11. Seismic loads will be considered acting in the horizontal
direction and not along the vertical direction.
12. Any other parameter needed for the design can suitably be
assumed with proper justification.
INDIAN STANDARD CODES OF PRACTICE
The design follows Indian Standard codes:
✅ IS 456:2000 – RCC design provisions
✅ IS 800:2007 – Structural steel design
✅ IS 875 (Parts 1-5) – Load considerations
✅ IS 11384:2022 – Composite construction guidelines
✅ IS 1343:2012 – Prestressed concrete guidelines
✅ IS 1786:2008 – High-strength reinforcement steel
✅ IS 1893 (Part 1):2016 – Seismic design criteria
✅ IS 2062:2011 – Structural steel specifications
MATERIALS CONSIDERED
For all RCC STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS,
1. M30 grade of concrete and Fe500 steel will be used.
2. For steel members, Fe410 grade is used.
LOCATION, GEOMETRY & FLOOR AREA
1. The Residential Apartment is located at Gandhinagar
(SEISMIC ZONE – III)
2. Each floor has 5 apartments , each floor has :
Three studio apartments - 45 sqr. m each
Two - 2BHK apartments - 52 sqr. m each
3. The Height of each floor is 3.1m
4. The clear height of Ground floor and Basement is 2.8 m
5. Dimension of Windows L=1.5m,B=1.2m
6. Dimension of Doors- L=2.2m, B=0.9m
7. Area of corridor = 61 sq. m
PARTICULARS OF THE APARTMENT
1. Studio Apartment – 2. 2 BHK Apartment –
Living Room Living Room
Bedroom(1) Bedrooms (2)
Washroom Washroom
Kitchen Kitchen
Dining Area Dining Area
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT DRAWING
1. FLOOR PLAN
2. GROUND FLOOR PLAN
3. BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN
4. ROOF PLAN
ISOMETRIC VIEW
FRONT VIEW
SIDE VIEW
BACK VIEW
BEAM-COLUMN LAYOUT
LOAD CALCULATIONS
DEAD LOAD (LOAD DEFN. & VALUES AS PER IS-875 PART-1)
LIVE LOAD (LOAD DEFN. & VALUES AS PER IS-875 PART-2)
WIND LOAD (LOAD DEFN. & VALUES AS PER IS-875 PART-3)
WIND LOAD(Contd…)
EARTHQUAKE LOAD (IS-1893)
Seismic Loads are in X+,X-,Z+ and Z-directions
LOAD COMBINATIONS (IS-456:2000 & IS-1893-2016)
LOAD APPLICATIONS IN STAAD MODEL
DEAD LOAD LIVE LOAD
WIND LOAD IN Z DIRN. WIND LOAD IN X DIRN.
EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN X DIRN.
EARTHQUAKE IN Z DIRN.
INFORMATION REGARDING BEAMS & COLUMNS
BEAM –
CROSS-SECTIONAL DIMENSION OF EVERY BEAM IS 300X250 mm2
LENGTHS OF BEAM USED ARE 4.825m, 4.19m, 3.2m, 6.44m
COLUMNS-
1. CROSS-SECTIONAL DIMENSION OF EVERY COLUMN FROM
BASEMENT – 10th FLOOR is 700 mm X 600 mm
2. CROSS-SECTIONAL DIMENSION OF EVERY COLUMN FROM
11th FLOOR – TOP(22nd FLOOR) is 650 mm X 500 mm
For GROUND FLOOR –
LENGTH OF COLUMN USED IS 2.8m
FOR ALL FLOORS FROM 1ST -22ND FLOOR –
LENGTH OF COLUMN IS 3.1m
MANUAL BEAM DESIGN
For beam no. - 9249
Length of beam = 4.19 m
Size = 300mm X 250mm
Clear cover = 25mm
DESIGN FOR FLEXURE:
Maximum applied moment (Mu) = 166.11kNm
Maximum bending moment = 0.133*fck*b*d^2
=0.133*30*250*(300-25-8/2)^2, assuming 8mm dia bar
=73.25 kNm
Mu>Mu(limiting)
=> Beam to be designed as Doubly Reinforced Beam
Now d’/d = 25/271 = 0.09
For finding fsc [SP 16 P.13 Table F]
0.05 – 424, 0.1 – 412
By interpolation fsc = 424-((424-412)/0.1-0.05)*(0.09-0.05)
=> fsc = 414.4 N/mm^2
From P.96 Is 456-2000
Mu – Mu(limiting) = fsc*Asc*(d-d’)
=>Asc = (Mu – Mu(limiting))/(fsc*(d-d’)) = 910.61 mm^2
Take 20mm Φ bars, No. of bars = 910.61/(pi*20^2/4) = 2.89
So 3 – 20mm Φ taken as compression reinforcement
For tension part:
From P.96 IS-456, Ast = Ast1 + Ast2
Ast1 = (0.5fck/fy)*[ 1 – root(1-(4.6*Mu(lim))/(fck*b*d^2))]*b*d
=>Ast1 = 763.21 mm^2
Ast2 = (Asc*fsc/0.87fy) = 867.77 mm^2
Ast = 763.21 + 867.77 = 1630.98 mm^2
Use 20mm Φ bars, No. of bars = 1630.98/(pi*20^2/4) = 5.19
So 5 – 20mm Φ taken as tension reinforcement
Check for shear
Vu = 75.77kN
Tv = Vu/bd = 1.118 N/mm^2
Now %tage of tension reinforcement
Ast/bd *100 = 2.41%
From table 19, P.73
2.25 – 0.88, 2.5 – 0.91
Tc = 0.88 + ((0.91-0.88)/(2.5-2.25))*(2.41-2.25) = 0.899 N/mm^2
Tv>Tc So shear design reqd.
Shear carried by concrete = Vuc = Tc*b*d = 0.899*250*271 = 60.91kN
By stirrups = Vus =Vu – Vuc = 75.77 – 60.91 = 14.86kN
Provide 8mm Φ bar 2L stirrups
Asv = 2 * pi/4 * 8^2 = 100.53 mm^2
1. Vus = 0.87*fy*Asv*d/Sv => Sv = 795 mm
2. 0.75d = 203.25 mm
3. 300mm
Sv = min of (795, 203.25,300) = 203.25 mm
So provide 2L – 8 mm Φ bar stirrups @ 200mm c/c
BEAM DETAILING
MANUAL COLUMN DESIGN
Design of 700mm x 600mm Column
P = 7449.89 kN, Muy = 13.93 kNm, Muz = 21.62 kNm
Clear cover = 25mm
L =3.1m, L’ = 0.65L = 2.015m(assuming fixed ends)
L’/b = 3.35<12
Hence we design a short column of rectangular cross section
under biaxial bending
Assuming %tage of steel = 2%
Maximum compressive force on column
(Pu) = 0.45 * fck * Ac + 0.75 * fy * Asc
= 0.45*(30)*(600)*(700) + 0.75*500*(2/100)*(600)*(700)
= 8820 kN
P/Pu = 0.84 => α = 2
d’/D = (25+20/2+8)/700 = 0.06
p/fck = 0.067
Pu/fck*b*D = 0.6
From the interaction diagram in SP - 16: 1980: -
(For d’ / D = 0.05 and fy = 500 MPa)
Mu / (fck * D * b^2) = 0.06
⇒ Muz1 = 453.6 KN.m
Muy1/fck*b*D^2 = 0.06
⇒Muy1 = 529.2 kNm
Now, (Muy / Muy1) ^ α + (Muz / Muz1) ^ α < 1
So, (13.93 / 529.2) * 2 + (21.62/ 453.6) * 2 = < 1
Therefore we can take 2% of steel
So, the Area of steel required = (2 / 100) * (600)*(700) = 8400mm2
Provide 26 # 20 φ bars as main reinforcement
For transverse reinforcements:
Considering 8 φ steel bars for transverse reinforcement:
According to IS: 456 - 2000, the spacing between the
transverse reinforcement shall not be more than sixteen
times the smallest diameter of the longitudinal reinforcement
tie bar i.e., 16 * 20 = 320mm or 300 mm
Hence we provide 8 Φ transverse reinforcement @ 300mm c/c
COLUMN DETAILING
MANUAL SLAB DESIGN
Raw dimension of slab = 4.825m X 4.19m
Depth of the slab = 150mm
Cover=30mm
Diameter of bar=10mm
effective depth = 150-30-5 =115mm
Load calculations
Self weight of slab (DL)= 1x1x0.15 x 25 = 3.75 kN/m²
Live Load = 3kN/ m²;
Dead Load = 1kN/m²;
Total Load 7.75 kN/m²
Factored Design Load = 1.5 x 7.75 = 11.625 kN/m²
Calculation for bending moment
Ly/Lx = 4.825/4.19 = 1.15
(As per Table 27 of IS 456:2000)
ɑx = 0.079
ɑy = 0.06
Mx = ɑx*w*lx² = 0.079*11.625*(4.19)² = 16.12 kNm
My = ɑy*w*ly² = 0.06*11.625*(4.19)² = 12.245 kNm
Checking for depth requirement from moment
Mv = 0.133*fck*bd2
=>16.12*10^(6) = 0.133*30*1000*d2
d = 63.56mm < 115 mm that is provided: therefore, OK
Check for shear
Ly/Lx = 1.15
Max design shear = 0.5* W*Lx = 0.5*11.625*4.19 =24.3543 kN
Average shear strength = Tv = V/ bd
= 24.354*1000/ 1000x115 = 0.211 N/mm2
The minimum design shear strength of concrete for M30
concrete is 0.29 > 0.211
Hence, No shear reinforcements required.
Calculation of steel area
x/d = 1.2 -√(1.44-6.68Mu/fck*b*d^2) = 0.12
z = d(1-0.416*x/d)=107.824
Area of steel in x dirn. = Mu/(0.87fy*z)=343.68mm2
Area of steel bar = π(10)(10)/4 = 78.5 mm2
Spacing reqd. = 1000*78.5/343.68 = 228.41 mm
Provide 10 Φ @220mm c/c
For longer direction,
My = 12.245kNm
Area of steel in longer direction = 150-30-10-5 = 105 mm
x/d = 1.2 -√(1.44-6.68Mu/fck*b*d^2) = 0.107
z = d(1-0.416*x/d) =105*(1-0.416*0.107)=100.32mm
Area of steel in y dirn. = Mu/(0.87fy*z)=280.59mm2
Spacing reqd. = 1000*78.5/280.59 = 279.76mm
Provide 10 Φ @250 mm c/c
FOOTING DESIGN
CALCULATION FOR PILE LENGTH
Safe Load = 2000 kN
Soil properties-
Unit weight of soil(Y) = 18 kN/m3
Angle of internal friction(φ) = 30 degrees
Cohesion(c) = 5kpa
Friction angle(δ) = 0.75* φ = 22.5 degrees
Pile assumptions:
Diameter(D) = 0.5m
FOS = 2.5(per IS 2911)
Ultimate load capacity = Qu = 2000*2.5 = 5000 kN
Pile Capacity formula(as per IS 2911)
Qu = Qb + Qf
Where Qb = end bearing
Qf = skin friction capacity
End bearing capacity-
Qb = Ab*qb
Ab = base area of pile = pi*D^2/4 = 0.1963m2
qb=cNc + Y*L*Nq
Nc = 37.75( for φ = 30 degrees)
Nq = 22.5(for φ = 30 degrees)
L = Length of pile to be determined
qb=5*37.75 + 18*L*22.5
qb = 188.75 + 405L kN/m2
Qb = 0.1963*(188.75+405L)
Qb = 37.04 + 79.52L kN
SKIN FRICTION CAPACITY
Qf = As*fs
As = surface area of pile shaft = pi*D*L = 1.571L m3
fs = ca + K *σv*tan δ
ca = adhesion = 0.5 * 5 = 2.5 kPa
K = earth pressure coefficient = 1 - sin φ = 1-sin(30 deg) = 0.5
tan δ = tan 22.5 deg = 0.414
σv = Y*L/2 = 9L kN/m3
fs = 2.5 + 0.5*9*L*0.414 = 2.5 + 1.863L kN/m2
Qf = 1.571L * (2.5 + 1.863L) = 3.928L + 2.927L^2
Ultimate capacity Qu = Qb + Qf
5000 = (37.04 + 79.52L) + (3.928L + 2.927L^2)
2.927L^2 + 83.448L – 4962.96 = 0
L = 29.32m
Verification =
For L = 29.32 m,
Qb = 37.04 + 79.52*29.32 = 2368.56 kN
Qf = 3.928*29.32 + 2.927*(29.32^2) = 2631.4 kN
Qu = Qb + Qf = 4999.96kN(satisfies requirement)
Safe Capacity =
Q_safe = Qu/FOS = 4999.96/2.5 = 1999.98 = 2000kN(approx.)
So the required length of pile is 29.32 m. For practical
design, take length of pile, L = 30 metres
DETAILING OF FOOTING
DESIGN OF
SHEAR WALL
Front view Back view
SIDE VIEW
CALCULATIONS
OF SHEAR WALL
BEAM COLUMN JUNCTION
STAIRCASE DESIGN
PLUMBING CALCULATIONS
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
\
ROAD NETWORK LAYOUT
QUANTITY AND COST ESTIMATION
Material Cost: Concrete Density (M30) = 2400 kg/m³
Total Volume of concrete = 3224.13 m³
Assuming 20% wastage, the amount of concrete
required =
1.2 × 3224.13 = 3868.96 m³
Rate of concrete (M30) = Rs 4800 / m³
Therefore, total cost of concrete = 3868.96 × 4800 =
Rs. 18570988.8 = Rs. 1.86 crores (approx.)
Taking volume of steel to be 1.5% of volume of
concrete,
Volume of steel = 48.36 m³
Assuming 15% wastage, amount of steel required =
1.15 × 48.36 = 55.62 m³
Weight of steel = 55.62 × 7850 = 436587.5 kg = 436.59
ton
Rate of steel (Fe500) = Rs 45,000 / ton
Therefore, total cost of steel =
436.59 × 45000 = Rs. 19646437.66 = Rs. 1.96 crores
(approx.)
For one floor, outer wall volume = (4.43 + 16.07 + 4.43
+ 6.93 + 7.33 + 6.93 + 3 + 3.21 + 6.4 + 9.65 + 6.4 + 3.21
+ 3 + 6.93 + 7.33 + 6.93) * 0.3 * 3.1 = 95.03 m3
Inner wall volume = (3.83 + 3.83 + 2.18 + 2.5 + 2.65 +
3.1 + 3.1 + 3 + 2.5 + 3.21 + 2.21 + 4.825 + 2.21 + 2.21 +
3.21 + 4.825 + 4.19 * 3 + 3.21 * 2 + 4.825 * 2 + 3.9 * 2 +
3 + 2.5 + 3.1 * 2 + 2.65 + 2.5 + 2.18 + 3.83 * 2 + 4.19 +
6.44 + 3.21 + 2.21 + 6.44 + 3.21) * 0.15 * 3.1 = 62.72 m3
For staircase and lift walls =
2 * (1.2 * 0.2 + 1.2 * 0.2 + 1.5 * 0.2 + 0.15 * 2.5 + 0.15 *
1) * 3.1 = 2 * 2.22 * 3.1 = 6.88 m3
So total volume of wall in 1 floor = 164.63m3 For 22
floors, volume = 164.63*22 = 3621.86 m3
For Groundfloor, volume of wall =
(30.65+5.66+2.22)*2.8 = 107.9m3
Volume of wall at roof = 30.654*1.2 = 36.78 m3
Total volume = 3766.54 m3
Cost of brickwork = Rs. 4000/m3
Total cost of brickwork = 4000*3766.54 = Rs. 15066160
The combined cost of steel, concrete and brick material
required = 18570988.8 + 19646437.66 + 15066160
= Rs. 53283586.46 = Rs. 5.33 crores(approx.)
Assuming electricity cost as about 10% of material cost
= Rs. 5328358.64
Assuming plumbing cost as about 10% of material cost
= Rs. 5328358.64
Assuming labor cost as about 50% of material cost =
Rs. 2664179.32
Assuming other miscellaneous costs as about 40% of
material cost = Rs. 21313434.56
Therefore, the total cost(excluding foundation) =
53283586.46 + 5328358.64 + 5328358.64 +
2664179.32 + 21313434.56 = Rs. 87917917.62
= Rs. 8.8 crores(approx.)
COST OF FOUNDATION
Total no. of piles = 46
No. of piles in each pile group=7
Total number of piles = 46*7 = 322
Volume of total foundation for 30m depth of pile as
calculated =(0.817.48 + (pi(0.5)^2/4)207) * 322 =
10802.37 m3
Volume of reinforcements = 1% of 10802.37 =
108.02m3
Assuming 10% wastage in pile material, volume =
1.1*10802.37 = 11882.60 m3
Assuming 15% wastage in steel reinforcements, volume
= 1.15*108.02 = 124.22 m3
Cost of pile material used = 4000*11882.6 =Rs.
47530400
Rate of steel (Fe500) = Rs 45,000 / ton
Cost of steel used = 7.850124.2245000 = Rs. 43880715
Total cost = Rs. 91411115 = Rs.9.15 crores(approx.)
Total cost of construction = 87917917.62 + 91411115 =
Rs. 179329032.60 = Rs. 17.93 crores (approx.)
Cost per square feet = 179329032.60/(3229.17*24)
= Rs. 2313.92/sq. ft. = Rs. 2314/sq. ft.
