2 ACCURACY
Exercise 2.7 (cont) 8 The radius of the circle shown (below) is given to 1 d.p. Calculate the
upper and lower bounds of:
a the circumference,
b the area.
8.5 cm
9 The area of the circle shown (below) is given to 2 s.f. Calculate the
upper and lower bounds of:
a the radius,
b the circumference.
Area
400 cm2
10 The mass of a cube of side 2 cm is given as 100 g. The side is accurate
to the nearest millimetre and the mass accurate to the nearest gram.
Calculate the maximum and minimum possible values for the density
of the material (density = mass ÷ volume).
11 The distance to the nearest 100 000 km from Earth to the Moon is given
as 400 000 km. The average speed to the nearest 500 km/h of a rocket to
the Moon is given as 3500 km/h. Calculate the greatest and least time it
could take the rocket to reach the Moon.
Student assessment 1
1 Round the following numbers to the degree of accuracy shown in
brackets:
a 2841 (nearest 100) b 7096 (nearest 10)
c 48 756 (nearest 1000) d 951 (nearest 100)
2 Round the following numbers to the number of decimal places
shown in brackets:
a 3.84 (1 d.p.) b 6.792 (1 d.p.)
c 0.8506 (2 d.p.) d 1.5849 (2 d.p.)
e 9.954 (1 d.p.) f 0.0077 (3 d.p.)
3 Round the following numbers to the number of significant figures
shown in brackets:
a 3.84 (1 s.f.) b 6.792 (2 s.f.)
c 0.7065 (1 s.f.) d 9.624 (1 s.f.)
e 834.97 (2 s.f.) f 0.00451 (1 s.f.)
g 62.4899 (5 s.f.) h 0.9997 (3 s.f.)
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Calculating with upper and lower bounds
4 1 mile is 1760 yards. Estimate the number of yards in 11.5 miles.
5 Estimate the shaded area of the figure below:
8.9 m
2.3 m 5.6 m
4.8 m
6 Estimate the answers to the following.
Do not work out an exact answer.
5.3 × 11.2 (9.8) 2 18.8 × (7.1) 2
a 2.1
b c
(4.7) 2 (3.1) 2 × (4.9) 2
7 A cuboid’s dimensions are given as 12.32 cm by 1.8 cm by 4.16 cm.
Calculate its volume, giving your answer to an appropriate degree
of accuracy.
Student assessment 2
1 The following numbers are expressed to the nearest whole number.
Illustrate on a number line the range in which each must lie.
a 7 b 40 c 300 d 2000
2 The following numbers are expressed correct to two significant
figures. Representing each number by the letter x, express the range
in which each must lie, using an inequality.
a 210 b 64 c 3.0 d 0.88
3 Some students measure the dimensions of their school's rectangular
playing field to the nearest metre. The length was recorded as 350 m
and the width as 200 m. Express the range in which the length and
width lie using inequalities.
4 A boy’s mass was measured to the nearest 0.1 kg. If his mass was
recorded as 58.9 kg, illustrate on a number line the range within
which it must lie.
1
5 An electronic clock is accurate to 1000 of a second. The duration of
a flash from a camera is timed at 0.004 seconds. Express the upper
and lower bounds of the duration of the flash using inequalities.
6 The following numbers are rounded to the degree of accuracy
shown in brackets. Express the lower and upper bounds of these
numbers as an inequality.
a x = 4.83 (2 d.p.)
b y = 5.05 (2 d.p.)
c z = 10.0 (1 d.p.)
d p = 100.00 (2 d.p.)
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2 ACCURACY
Student assessment 3
1 Five animals have a mass, given to the nearest 10 kg, of: 40 kg, 50 kg,
50 kg, 60 kg and 80 kg. Calculate the least possible total mass.
2 A water tank measures 30 cm by 50 cm by 20 cm. If each of these
measurements is given to the nearest centimetre, calculate the
largest possible volume of the tank.
3 The volume of a cube is given as 125 cm 3 to the nearest whole
number.
a Express as an inequality the upper and lower bounds of the
cube’s volume.
b Express as an inequality the upper and lower bounds of the
length of each of the cube’s edges.
4 The radius of a circle is given as 4.00 cm to 2 d.p. Express as an
inequality the upper and lower bounds for:
a the circumference of the circle,
b the area of the circle.
5 A cylindrical water tank has a volume of 6000 cm 3 correct to 1 s.f.
A full cup of water from the tank has a volume of 300 cm 3 correct to
2 s.f. Calculate the maximum number of full cups of water that can
be drawn from the tank.
6 A match measures 5 cm to the nearest centimetre. 100 matches end
to end measure 5.43 m correct to 3 s.f.
a Calculate the upper and lower limits of the length of one match.
b How can the limits of the length of a match be found to 2 d.p.?
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