TENSE STRUCTURE FUNCTION TIME MARKERS

PRESENT SIMPLE - to be I am/ am not sixteen years old. Estados Presentes No tiene indicadores específicos,
She/He/ It is/isn’t a doctor pero ud. Puede utilizar los
You/We/They are/ aren’t sisters inficadores del presente simple y/o
Are you a teacher? Yes, I am / No, I am not el presente continuo)(Porej: It .is
Is she 19 years old? No, she isn’t always the same with her...She isn’t
at home at the moment)

PRESENT SIMPLE I/They/We/You go/ don’t go to school -Rutinas - everyday,months,year, etc

She/He/It goes/ doesn’t go to school -Verdades universals - Adverbios de frecuencia (always,
Do you go to school...? Yes, I do/No, I don’t -Programas de eventos u horarios (The never, often, etc)
Does she go to school..?Yes, she does. No,she plane leaves at 5pm) - Otros: generally, frequently, etc
doesn’t
PRESENT CONTINUOUS I am wearing jeans - Acciones en el momento de hablar - (Presente) now/at the moment /
She/He/It is going to the cinema (ahora) Look! / Listen!
They/We/You are traveling to Scotland. - Acciones temporarias - (Futuro) this weekend, next
Are you wearing...?Yes, I am / No, I am not - Planes futuros (futuro cercano) Saturday, this Monday, etc
Is she going to ..? Yes, she is /No, she isn’t. *[Link] puede utilizar el be going - Today
to+ verb para el futuro cercano
SIMPLE PAST - to be I/She/It/He was/wasn’t at home - Estados pasados (I was at home -Ud puede utililizar los inficiadores
They/You/ We were/weren’t there yesterday) de tiempos del Simple Past y/o
Were you at home yesterday? No, I wasn’t Past Cont.(Ej. I was at school
yesterday ...or yesterday at 5pm)
SIMPLE PAST I went (didn’t go) to the market (Irreg. II col.) - Acciones o situaciones pasadas - last week, Monday,year,ect
I finished (didn’t finish) school...(Reg. -ed) (acciones completas o terminadas en el - Yesterday
Did you go/finish to ...? Yes, I did / No, I didn’t pasado) - three years ago
- in 1990
PAST CONTINUOUS I/She/He/It was/wasn’t wearing jeans... - Acciones pasadas con especificidad - yesterday morning
They/We/You were/weren’t working... temporal (yesterday at five o’clock) - yesterday at half past eight
Were you working..?Yes, I was/ No, I wasn’t - Acciones pasadas temporarias
-Para brindar información descriptiva en - I was watching TV when the e
narración rang. (combinación de
Past Cont. & Simple Past)
PRESENT PERFECT They/I/You / We have/haven’t finished our - Acciones que comenzaron en el - since last night, 1990, three days
homework yet. (have + verb -ed Regular) pasado y continua en el presente. (I ago (since + momento punctual en
She/He/It has/hasn’t written ...(has+3rd column of have lived in this house since 1976) el pasado)
verbs= Irregular) - Acciones pasado sin especificidad de - for three years (for + período de
Have you seen a shark? Yes, I have/ No, I haven’t tiempo. Se utiliza para halar d tiempo
Has she studied French ? Yes, she has/ No, she experiencias pasadas también. (Lucy - Adverbios: already, just, ever.
hasn’t has traveled to Europe ...pero no never, yet
sabemos cuando viajó)
PAST PERFECT I had/ hadn’t gone there before (had+ 3rd column) - Es una acción en el pasado respecto - No tiene indicadores
She had/hadn’t finished... (had+verb -ed) del pasado: Muchas veces se dice que específicos... el contexto indica su
Had she gone ...?Yes, she had/No, she hadn’t es el pasado en el pasado. (Por ej. uso. .The library was closed by 10
Cuando ud esta relatando una historia pm, but we hadn’t finished our
en el pasado simple y desea hacer una research work)
referencia a una acción que sucedió con
anterioridad al evento que describe, ud
debe utilizar el pasado perfecto.)
(Everyone had left the party by the time I
arrived. I arrived at the party but
everyone had left)
(FUTURE) I am/ am not going to study medicine.. - Plan para el futuro que hemos - next winter, vacation, January,etc
BE GOING TO ... She/He/It is/isn’t going to travel there organizado con anterioriddad. * Ud - in 2010
They/You/We are/aren’t going to finish.. tambien puede utilizar el Present
Are you going to finish..? Yes, I am /No, I am not Continuous.
- Predicción sorbe la base de evidencia
presente. (Por ej. UD ve nubes negras
en el cielo. It´s going to rain.)

(FUTURE) Hotels will/ won’t be expensive in June. Predicciones simples sobre las cuales next year, month, etc
WILL/WON’T ... I will/won’t sit next to you no tenemos control. - in 2010
Will you be there next month? Yes, I will/No, I - Decisiones futuras en el momento. (Pr - in June
won’t ej. Comienza a llover. I´ll take a taxi)
- Combinaciones con frases como: I
think .. I expect ..../
I’m afraid... / I’m sure that the weather
will be good tomorrow)