Unit 3

Short Questions and Answers

1. Define Respect as discussed in the course

Respect, as discussed in the Universal Human Values course, means right
evaluation of a human being. It is the ability to see a person as a human first,
not on the basis of body, gender, caste, religion, profession, money, power, or
knowledge. Respect arises from the understanding that every human being has
the same basic desire for happiness and prosperity.
Respect is not a feeling of fear, admiration, or superiority–inferiority. It is an
outcome of correct understanding and leads to equality in relationships.
Example:
Respecting a domestic worker and a company manager equally as human
beings.
Importance in daily life:
Respect builds trust, avoids conflicts, and creates harmony in family,
workplace, and society.

2. What is the minimum content of Respect?

The minimum content of respect is Right Evaluation.
Right evaluation means understanding the intrinsic value of a human being,
independent of external factors such as wealth, education, position, or physical
appearance.
Without right evaluation, respect becomes conditional and temporary. With
right evaluation, respect becomes stable and universal.
Example:
Not feeling superior because of higher education or feeling inferior due to lower
income.
Usefulness:
It helps remove discrimination, ego, and comparison from relationships.

3. What is the foundation value in the relationship?

The foundation value in all human relationships is Trust (Vishwas).
Trust is the assurance that the other person intends my happiness and
prosperity, and does not want to harm me.
Without trust, no other value like respect, love, or care can sustain. Trust is
natural, unconditional, and continuous.
Example:
A student trusting that a teacher’s guidance is for their improvement.
Daily life relevance:
Trust creates fearlessness and emotional security in relationships.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

4. Define Glory as discussed in the course
Glory (Gaurav) is the feeling of respect and admiration for values,
excellence, and right conduct. It is not related to physical strength, wealth,
position, or authority, but to ethical behavior and human values.
Glory inspires individuals to follow the path of righteousness and moral living.
Example:
Feeling proud of a person who stands for truth and honesty despite difficulties.
Importance:
Glory motivates society to uphold moral standards.

5. Distinguish between Love and Affection

Love and Affection are often confused, but they are fundamentally different.
Love is based on acceptance, understanding, and values. It is unconditional,
continuous, and not dependent on physical attraction.
Affection is based on attraction, usually related to body, behavior, or
usefulness, and is often temporary and conditional.
Example:
Parents’ concern for their child’s well-being is love, whereas attraction towards
beauty is affection.
Significance:
Understanding this difference prevents emotional instability and false
expectations.

6. Define the feeling of Love as a value in relationships

Love, as a value in relationships, is the feeling of acceptance of the other as
they are, along with a definite intention for their happiness and prosperity.
Love is not possessiveness, attachment, or dependency. It is stable,
unconditional, and leads to mutual growth.
Example:
Encouraging a friend to choose the right career even if it creates distance.
Role in daily life:
Love strengthens relationships and ensures emotional well-being.

7. Define the term „Justice‟ in the context of harmony in the family

Justice in the family means the recognition and fulfillment of mutual
expectations among family members, based on right understanding.
Justice ensures that everyone’s needs, roles, and responsibilities are fulfilled
fairly. It is continuous in nature, not occasional.
Example:
Equal care and opportunities for all children in a family.
Importance:
Justice maintains harmony and stability in family life.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

8. Define Justice–Preservation as a dimension of the Human Order
Justice–Preservation is a dimension of the Human Order that focuses on:
 Justice in human relationships, and
 Preservation of natural resources
It emphasizes responsible behavior towards both people and nature, ensuring
sustainability.
Example:
Fair treatment of workers and responsible use of water and electricity.
Relevance:
It ensures long-term human survival and environmental balance.

9. Differentiate between Glory and Gratitude

Glory is the feeling of admiration towards values and ideals, while Gratitude
is the feeling of thankfulness towards individuals who have contributed to our
life.
Glory uplifts moral values, while gratitude strengthens personal relationships.
Example:
Glory for freedom fighters; gratitude to parents and teachers.
Importance:
Both develop humility and positive social behavior.

10. Define Exchange–Storage as a dimension of the Human Order

Exchange–Storage refers to the system of producing, exchanging, and storing
physical facilities to fulfill human needs.
 Exchange ensures mutual fulfillment through sharing goods and services.
 Storage ensures availability for future needs.
Example:
Farmers selling crops and storing grains for future consumption.
Importance:
This dimension ensures physical prosperity and economic stability.

11. What would be the basis of the right evaluation – Self or Body?
The basis of right evaluation is the Self, not the Body.
The body is physical, temporary, and subject to change (age, health,
appearance). Evaluation based on the body leads to discrimination, comparison,
superiority–inferiority, and instability in relationships.
The Self represents consciousness, feelings, values, intentions, and the
continuous desire for happiness and prosperity. Since all human beings share
the same basic aspirations at the level of Self, evaluation based on Self leads to
equality and harmony.
Example:
Evaluating a person as good or bad based on intention and behavior, not skin
color or profession.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

Conclusion:
Right evaluation must be Self-based to ensure lasting respect and harmony.

12. Define Reverence. Can we have the feeling of Reverence for every
person?
Reverence is the feeling of deep respect and honor for values, right conduct,
and excellence, not merely for a person’s existence.
We cannot have reverence for every person, because reverence depends on
the presence of values and right conduct. However, we can have respect for
every person because respect is based on being human.
Example:
We respect all humans, but we feel reverence for people like Mahatma Gandhi
due to their values.
Conclusion:
Respect is universal; reverence is value-dependent.

13. What is the Complete Value in a relationship? Define.

The complete value in a relationship is Love.
Love is the feeling of acceptance of the other as they are, along with a
definite intention for their happiness and prosperity. When love is
established, all other feelings like trust, respect, care, affection, guidance,
reverence, and gratitude are naturally expressed in the right proportion.
Example:
Parents naturally express care, guidance, and affection because love is already
established.
Conclusion:
Love integrates all relationship values into a stable and continuous bond.

14. Is Guidance the need of every human being or just children in the
family?
Guidance is the need of every human being, not only children.
Children need guidance to understand the world, but adults also need guidance
for:
 Right decision-making
 Moral clarity
 Continuous self-improvement
Guidance is not control; it is sharing right understanding.
Example:
A teacher guiding students, a mentor guiding professionals, or scriptures
guiding society.
Conclusion:
Guidance is a lifelong requirement for human growth.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

15. Do we have the feeling of Respect for everyone?
By default, human beings have the potential to respect everyone, but in
practice, respect is often conditional due to wrong evaluation based on body,
status, or possessions.
True respect is possible only when evaluation is based on Self and right
understanding.
Example:
Respecting a poor person as much as a wealthy person.
Conclusion:
Respect becomes universal only with right evaluation.

16. What is the foundation value and complete value of a relationship?

 Foundation Value: Trust (Vishwas)
Trust is the assurance that the other intends my happiness and prosperity.
 Complete Value: Love
Love is acceptance and commitment to mutual happiness.
Example:
Friendship begins with trust and becomes complete with love.
Conclusion:
Trust initiates relationships; love perfects them.

17. Role of physical facility in the fulfilment of relationship

Physical facilities support relationships but do not define them.
Relationships are fulfilled through feelings in the Self, such as trust and love.
Physical facilities only help in providing comfort and convenience.
Example:
Money can support family needs, but cannot replace care or respect.
Conclusion:
Physical facilities are necessary but not sufficient for relationship fulfillment.

18. If someone helps fulfill your needs of body and self, what feelings do
you have for them?
If someone fulfills:
 Body needs: We feel gratitude
 Self needs: We feel love, respect, and reverence
Example:
A doctor providing treatment – gratitude
A teacher shaping life – respect and reverence
Conclusion:
Different contributions evoke different feelings, all rooted in understanding.

19. Basis of an undivided society – the world family

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The basis of an undivided society is right understanding of coexistence and
universal human values.
When every individual sees:
 The human race as one family
 Nature as a partner, not a resource
Then division based on caste, nation, religion, and race dissolves.
Example:
Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam – the world is one family.
Conclusion:
Shared values create an undivided society.

20. Is working for competition the same as working for excellence?

Analyze.
No, competition and excellence are fundamentally different.
 Competition is comparison with others, driven by fear and insecurity.
 Excellence is self-improvement, driven by understanding and joy.
Competition creates jealousy and stress; excellence creates fulfillment and
growth.
Example:
Studying to beat others vs. studying to understand and improve oneself.
Conclusion:
Excellence leads to harmony; competition leads to conflict.

Long Questions and Answers

**1. (a) Is it possible to live in a relationship without understanding
the relationship?
How is a family the basic ground for understanding relationships? Explain.**
Living in a relationship without understanding
Yes, it is possible to live in a relationship without understanding, but such
relationships are unstable, stressful, and full of conflicts. In most cases,
people live in relationships based on assumptions, traditions, social pressure,
emotions, or physical needs, rather than right understanding.
When we do not understand a relationship:
 Expectations are unclear
 Feelings like trust and respect are conditional
 Small issues turn into major conflicts
 Relationships become temporary or burdensome
For example, many marriages survive only due to social pressure, not because
of mutual understanding.
Thus, living is possible, but living harmoniously is not possible without
understanding relationships.

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Family as the basic ground for understanding relationships
The family is the first and most important place where a human being learns
relationships. It is the natural laboratory of human values.
In the family, a person experiences:
 Trust (child trusts parents)
 Care (parents caring for children)
 Guidance (elders guiding younger members)
 Respect (between elders and youngsters)
 Love (acceptance and continuity)
Family relationships are natural and long-term, unlike workplace or social
relations, which makes them ideal for learning.
For example:
 A child learns trust by depending on parents.
 A sibling learns cooperation and adjustment.
 Respect and justice are learned through family roles.
Thus, the family becomes the basic ground where understanding of
relationships develops and later extends to society.

Conclusion
Without understanding, relationships exist only mechanically. The family
provides the first, continuous, and experiential platform to understand and
live relationships harmoniously.

**1. (b) What is the proposal for the definition of Trust?

Illustrate the feeling of trust with one example.**
Proposal for the definition of Trust
In Universal Human Values, Trust (Vishwas) is defined as:
“Trust is the assurance that the other person intends my happiness and
prosperity.”
This definition emphasizes intention, not behavior, competence, or immediate
outcomes. Trust is:
 Natural
 Unconditional
 Continuous
 The foundation of all relationships
Trust does not mean blind belief. It is based on the understanding that no
human being wants to harm another by intention.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

Illustration of Trust
Example (common life):
A student trusts that a teacher may scold or correct them, but the intention
behind it is their improvement, not harm.
Personal-life illustration:
When parents restrict certain activities, a child who understands trust believes
that parents’ intention is safety and well-being, not control.

Conclusion
Trust removes fear, suspicion, and insecurity. Once trust is established, all other
values like respect, care, and love can grow naturally.

**2. (a) Distinguish between Intention and Competence.

What happens when we confuse the two and doubt the intention of the other?**
Intention vs Competence
Aspect Intention Competence
Meaning What a person wants to do Ability to do it
Level Self Body, skill, knowledge
Nature Mostly positive May be adequate or inadequate
Change Rarely negative Improves with learning
Intention refers to the desire for mutual happiness.
Competence refers to skill, efficiency, or capability.

Outcome when we confuse the two

When we confuse incompetence with bad intention:
 We start doubting people
 Trust breaks down
 Relationships weaken
 Fear and misunderstanding increase
For example, if a colleague makes a mistake due to lack of skill and we assume
bad intention, conflict arises unnecessarily.
This confusion creates stress, suspicion, and disharmony in relationships.

Conclusion
Most human problems arise not because of bad intention, but due to lack of
competence. Confusing the two destroys relationships.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

**2. (b) What is the outcome when we doubt intention?
What happens when we see intention and competence separately and trust
intention?**
Outcome of doubting intention
When we doubt the intention of others:
 We feel insecure and defensive
 Communication breaks down
 Cooperation reduces
 Relationships become fragile
Even genuine help is seen with suspicion, leading to isolation and loneliness.

Outcome when we separate intention and competence

When we clearly distinguish between intention and competence:
 We trust the intention of the other
 We help improve competence
 Relationships strengthen
 Harmony is maintained
Example:
If a family member fails in a task, we support them instead of blaming them.
3. (a) Meaning of family, expectations and responsibilities
Meaning of Family
For me, family is a group of people with whom I share relationships based
on trust, love, care, guidance, and mutual responsibility. Family is not only a
biological unit but the first place where human values are experienced and
practiced.
Members of my family / extended family
 Parents (Father, Mother)
 Grandparents
 Siblings (Brother, Sister)
 Relatives (Uncle, Aunt, Cousins)
What do I call them
 Parents – Mother and Father
 Grandparents – Dada, Dadi / Nana, Nani
 Siblings – Brother, Sister
 Relatives – Uncle, Aunt, Cousins
My expectations from them
 Parents: Love, guidance, care
 Grandparents: Wisdom, affection
 Siblings: Cooperation, friendship
 Relatives: Support, goodwill

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My responsibilities (expected feelings)
 Towards parents – Respect, gratitude, care
 Towards grandparents – Reverence and affection
 Towards siblings – Love, cooperation
 Towards relatives – Respect and goodwill
Conclusion
Family is the first school of relationships, where a person learns how to live
with others harmoniously.

3. (b) How is trust the foundation value of relationship?

Trust (Vishwas) is the foundation of all relationships because it provides the
assurance that the other person intends my happiness and prosperity.
Without trust:
 Fear enters relationships
 Doubt replaces cooperation
 Love and respect cannot sustain
Trust comes before respect, care, affection, and love.
Example:
A child naturally trusts parents; on this trust, respect, love, and guidance
develop.
Conclusion:
Trust is the base upon which all other relationship values stand.

4. (a) Define Trust. Role of clarity between intention and competence

Definition of Trust
Trust is the assurance that the other person has a positive intention towards
my happiness and prosperity, even if outcomes are not perfect.
Intention vs Competence
 Intention: What a person wants to do (at the level of Self)
 Competence: Ability or skill to do it (at the level of body/knowledge)
Role of clarity
When we understand that:
 Intention is mostly positive
 Competence can be lacking
Then:
 Trust continues
 Conflicts reduce
 Relationships strengthen
Example:
A teacher may fail to explain well (lack of competence) but intends student’s
growth.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

4. (b) Define Respect and wrong evaluations
Respect (as per UHV)
Respect is the right evaluation of a human being, based on being human, not
on body, wealth, caste, gender, or position.
Wrong evaluations without right understanding
 Evaluating based on money (rich = respectable)
 Based on position (boss > worker)
 Based on body (fair, strong, young)
 Based on caste or religion
Example:
Disrespecting a laborer and respecting a corrupt officer is wrong evaluation.
Conclusion:
Right evaluation ensures equality and harmony.

5. (a) Distinguish between Intention and Desire

Intention Desire
At the level of Self At the level of body
Always positive Can be unlimited
For mutual happiness For personal pleasure
Example:
Intention – helping a friend
Desire – wanting luxury or fame

5. (b) Why is right understanding required in relationships?

Right understanding helps in:
 Clear expectations
 Correct evaluation
 Stable relationships
Example 1:
Understanding parents’ strictness as care, not control.
Example 2:
Understanding colleague’s mistake as lack of skill, not bad intention.
Conclusion:
Right understanding leads to mutual happiness.

6. (a) Describe the human goal

Human Goal
The human goal is continuous happiness and prosperity, at:

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  Individual level
 Family level
 Society level
 Nature level
This goal ensures:
 Inner happiness
 Social harmony
 Environmental sustainability

6. (b) Why education and Sanskar are the first human goals?
Education
Education is right understanding of self, relationships, society, and nature.
Sanskar
Sanskar is the practice of right feelings and behavior.
Education Sanskar
Understanding Practice
In Self In behavior
Conclusion:
Without education and sanskar, prosperity alone leads to misuse and conflict.

7. (a) Define Affection and its role in family harmony

Affection is the feeling of care and emotional attachment, especially towards
those who are dependent.
Example:
Parents’ affection for children.
Affection:
 Creates emotional bonding
 Supports nurturing
 Strengthens family harmony

7. (b) Define Love and basis of undivided society

Love
Love is the feeling of acceptance of the other as they are, with intention of
their happiness and prosperity.
Love as complete value
All other values (trust, respect, care, guidance) are included in love.
Basis of undivided society
 Love
 Right understanding
 Justice

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  Trust
Concept: Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam (World is one family)

8. (a) Distinguish Reverence, Gratitude and Glory

Feeling Meaning
Reverence Deep respect for values
Gratitude Thankfulness to people
Glory Pride in excellence & ideals

8. (b) Love vs Infatuation

Love Infatuation
Value-based Body-based
Continuous Temporary
Accepting Possessive
Love leads to undivided society as it removes selfishness.

9. (a) Comprehensive human goals

 Right understanding
 Prosperity
 Fearlessness
 Coexistence
Without clear goals
 Competition
 Exploitation
 Violence
 Environmental destruction

9. (b) Justice as basis of undivided society

Justice ensures:
 Mutual fulfillment
 Fairness
 Trust
Justice in relationships removes exploitation and division.

10. (a) Comprehensive goals for social harmony

 Right understanding
 Mutual trust
 Justice

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  Prosperity
Production & Work goals
 Adequate physical facilities
 Sustainable production
Example:
Producing food without harming nature.

10. (b) Critical examination of present-day society

Present society focuses on:
 Competition
 Unlimited consumption
 Profit over values
Outcome
 Stress
 Inequality
 Environmental crisis
 Broken relationships
Conclusion:
Without human values, development becomes destructive.
11. (a) Distinguish between Reaction and Response with clarity of Trust
Reaction
A reaction is an immediate, emotional action that arises due to fear, doubt,
or lack of trust. It happens without proper understanding of the other person’s
intention and often worsens the situation.
Example (father–son relationship):
A father scolds his son for coming late. The son reacts angrily, assuming that
his father does not trust him and is trying to control him.

Response
A response is a thoughtful, conscious, and value-based action that arises
from clarity of trust. It involves understanding the intention of the other and
replying calmly.
Example (same relationship):
The son responds calmly, explains the reason for being late, and understands
that the father’s intention is concern for his safety.

Conclusion
With trust, we are able to respond instead of react, which helps maintain
harmony in relationships.

11. (b) Distinguish between Intention and Desire

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 Aspect Intention Desire
Level Self Body
Nature For mutual happiness For personal satisfaction
Continuity Stable Often unlimited
Orientation Value-based Pleasure-based
Example:
 Intention: Helping a friend succeed in life.
 Desire: Expecting praise or benefit in return.

**12. (a) “If I trust the intention of everyone, people would take undue
advantage of me.”
Is this statement true or false? Explain.**
This statement is false.
Trust means trusting the intention, not blindly trusting behavior or
competence. Trust does not mean that we stop using intelligence or
responsibility. With right understanding, we:
 Trust intention
 Evaluate competence
 Remain alert in action
Example:
Trusting that a mechanic intends to repair the vehicle honestly, but still
checking the bill and quality of work.

Conclusion
Trust with understanding strengthens relationships and does not make us weak
or foolish.

12. (b) Why is understanding of the „Self‟ important to ensure Respect?

Understanding the Self is important because it helps us realize that:
 All human beings are equal at the level of Self
 Everyone desires happiness and prosperity
 Differences are only at the level of body or possessions
When we evaluate people based on Self, respect becomes natural,
unconditional, and universal.
Example:
Respecting a poor person and a rich person equally as human beings.

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Conclusion
Without understanding the Self, respect becomes conditional and leads to
discrimination.

**13. (a) Examples of Over-evaluation, Under-evaluation, and Otherwise-

evaluation
Why do these lead to disrespect?**
Over-evaluation
Giving more importance to a person than what is right.
Example:
Respecting someone excessively just because they are rich or powerful.

Under-evaluation
Giving less importance to a person than what is right.
Example:
Looking down upon a worker or helper due to their profession.

Otherwise-evaluation
Evaluating a person on wrong parameters.
Example:
Judging character based on skin color, clothes, or accent.

Why do these lead to disrespect?

These evaluations ignore human equality and create superiority–inferiority,
which destroys respect.

13. (b) Problems caused by wrong evaluations

Wrong evaluations lead to:
 Discrimination and inequality
 Ego and inferiority complex
 Broken relationships
 Social conflicts
 Lack of trust and harmony
Example:
Caste and gender discrimination in society.

Conclusion
Wrong evaluation is the root cause of disrespect and social disharmony.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

14. (a) “The relationship is already there, we are embedded in the
relationship.” Justify
Relationships are natural and pre-existing. We are born into relationships; we
do not create them by choice.
From birth, a person is already:
 A son or daughter
 A sibling
 A grandchild
 A member of society
We only need to recognize, understand, and fulfill these relationships.
Example:
We do not choose our parents; the relationship exists naturally.

Conclusion
Relationships are given by nature; harmony depends on our understanding.

**14. (b) Is the family centered on physical facility or relationship?

How can we ensure mutual fulfillment?**
The family is centered on relationships, not physical facilities.
Physical facilities support comfort, but relationships fulfill emotional and
psychological needs.
Ensuring mutual fulfillment in family
 Trust in intention
 Right evaluation (respect)
 Love and care
 Responsibility and justice
Example:
A wealthy family without love is unhappy, while a simple family with trust and
care is peaceful.

Conclusion
Harmony in family depends on right feelings, not on material wealth.
15. (a) Analyze the statement: “Trust is developed over a long time.”
This statement is not fully correct.
In the UHV perspective, trust is not something that is developed slowly
through repeated experiences, but it is a basic feeling that comes from right
understanding. Trust means the assurance that the other person intends my
happiness and prosperity.
What actually takes time is:
 Understanding the other person’s competence
 Improving coordination in behavior

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But intention does not change frequently. If we understand that human beings
naturally want happiness and not harm, trust can be established immediately.
Example:
A child trusts parents from birth, without years of testing. The trust is natural.
Conclusion
Trust is not time-dependent, but understanding-dependent.

**15. (b) Is it essential to understand relationship to understand trust?

Are you making this effort?**
Yes, it is essential to understand relationships in order to understand trust.
Trust is the foundation value of all relationships, and without understanding
relationships, trust becomes conditional and fragile.
Understanding relationships helps us:
 Distinguish intention from competence
 Avoid doubt and suspicion
 Maintain harmony
Personal effort:
By reflecting on intentions behind actions of parents, teachers, and friends, and
not reacting immediately, I am making a conscious effort to understand trust in
relationships.
Conclusion
Without understanding relationships, trust cannot be continuous or stable.

16. (a) How does one develop right feeling – through understanding or
experience?
Right feeling is developed on the basis of right understanding, not merely
through experience of events.
Experience without understanding:
 Can mislead
 Can strengthen wrong beliefs
 May create fear or bias
Right understanding:
 Clarifies intention
 Helps correct evaluation
 Leads to stable feelings
Example:
If someone scolds us, experience alone may create anger. Understanding that
the intention is improvement leads to respect and trust.
Conclusion
Experience becomes meaningful only when guided by right understanding.

16. (b) Role of physical facility in fulfilment of relationship

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Physical facilities support relationships, but they do not fulfill relationships.
Fulfilment of relationships happens at the level of:
 Trust
 Respect
 Love
 Care
Physical facilities only provide comfort and convenience.
Example:
Money can provide food and shelter, but it cannot replace affection or respect.
Conclusion
Physical facilities are necessary but not sufficient for relationship fulfilment.

17. (a) Define Respect. Prevalent notions and their impacts. Solution
Respect (UHV definition)
Respect is the right evaluation of a human being, based on being human, not
on body, wealth, caste, gender, or position.
Prevalent notions of respect
 Respect based on money
 Respect based on power or position
 Respect based on physical appearance
Impacts
 Discrimination
 Ego and inferiority
 Social inequality
 Conflict
Solution
 Right understanding of Self
 Evaluation based on human equality
Conclusion
True respect arises only from right evaluation.

17. (b) Basis of respect for a human being

The basis of respect is the understanding that:
 Every human being has the same desire for happiness and prosperity
 At the level of Self, all are equal
Yes, the other human being is similar to me in terms of:
 Aspirations
 Feelings
 Need for respect
Example:
Just like I want to be respected, others also want the same.

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Conclusion
Recognizing similarity leads to universal respect.

18. (a) Define Reverence. Competition vs Excellence

Reverence
Reverence is the deep feeling of respect for values, right conduct, and
excellence, not merely for a person.
Competition vs Excellence
 Competition: Comparing with others, driven by fear
 Excellence: Improving oneself, driven by understanding
Example:
Studying to score more than others vs studying to understand the subject deeply.
Conclusion
Reverence grows towards excellence, not competition.

18. (b) Excellence vs „being special‟

 Being special: Seeking attention and superiority
 Excellence: Continuous self-improvement
Excellence:
 Does not depend on comparison
 Benefits society
 Leads to harmony
Example:
A teacher focusing on teaching well rather than becoming famous.
Conclusion
Excellence strengthens harmony; being special creates division.

19. (a) Feelings of Care and Guidance in parent–child relationship

Care
Care is the feeling of nurturing and protection, ensuring well-being.
Guidance
Guidance is the feeling of providing right direction and understanding.
Role
 Parents give care for physical and emotional security
 Parents give guidance for right decision-making
Example:
Providing food (care) and teaching values (guidance).
Conclusion
Both are essential for healthy development of the child.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

19. (b) Comprehensive human goal
The comprehensive human goal is:
 Continuous happiness
 Prosperity
 Harmony with family, society, and nature
This ensures:
 Inner peace
 Social justice
 Environmental sustainability
Conclusion
This goal benefits not just individuals but all humanity.

20. (a) Competition vs Excellence (example)

Competition:
Running to defeat others → stress and jealousy
Excellence:
Running to improve stamina and health → joy and growth
Conclusion
Competition divides; excellence unites.

20. (b) Distinguish between Respect, Glory, and Reverence

Aspect Respect Glory Reverence
Meaning Right evaluation of human Pride in ideals Deep respect for values
Target Every human Achievements Excellence & conduct
Nature Universal Selective Value-based
Conclusion
All three enrich society when based on right understanding.
21. (a) “Relationship is between one Self (I₁) and another Self (I₂)”.
Examine the statement.
This statement is absolutely correct from the UHV perspective.
A relationship exists between the Self of one person (I₁) and the Self of
another person (I₂), not between bodies. The Self refers to the conscious entity
that has feelings, understanding, intentions, and aspirations. The body is only a
physical instrument.
All relationships such as parent–child, teacher–student, friend–friend are
fulfilled at the level of:
 Trust
 Respect
 Love
 Care

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

  Guidance
These are feelings in the Self, not physical exchanges. The body is only a
medium through which these feelings are expressed.
Example:
A parent may provide food (physical), but the child feels fulfilled only when
there is love and trust. Money without affection does not fulfill a relationship.
Conclusion
Thus, relationships are Self–Self based, and the body only plays a supportive
role.

21. (b) “Feelings in the Self are fundamental to live with fulfilment in
relationship.” Evaluate.
This statement is true and fundamental.
Fulfilment in relationships comes from right feelings in the Self, such as:
 Trust
 Respect
 Love
 Care
 Guidance
Without these feelings:
 Physical facilities feel insufficient
 Relationships become mechanical
 Emotional dissatisfaction increases
Even with abundant wealth, relationships collapse if trust and respect are
missing.
Example:
A rich family without mutual respect suffers from conflicts, whereas a simple
family with love and trust lives peacefully.
Conclusion
Fulfilment in relationships is feeling-based, not facility-based.

22. (a) What are the feelings (values) in human relationship? Are they
naturally acceptable to you?
Feelings (Values) in human relationships
The feelings identified in UHV are:
1. Trust
2. Respect
3. Affection
4. Care
5. Guidance
6. Reverence
7. Gratitude

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

 8. Love (complete value)
These feelings are universal, continuous, and mutually fulfilling.
Yes, these feelings are naturally acceptable to me, because:
 I want to be trusted
 I want respect without conditions
 I want love and care without fear
 I want guidance for right living
These feelings align with my natural aspiration for happiness.
Conclusion
Natural acceptance confirms their universality and correctness.

22. (b) Are these feelings naturally acceptable to others? Justify.

Yes, these feelings are naturally acceptable to all human beings.
Justification
 Every human wants trust, not suspicion
 Everyone wants respect, not insult
 Everyone wants love, not exploitation
 Everyone wants guidance, not domination
Differences may exist in behavior due to lack of understanding, but the desire
remains same.
Example:
Even a criminal wants trust and respect from family members.
Conclusion
These values are universally acceptable because they arise from the Self, which
is common to all humans.

23. (a) Outcomes when relationships are identified based only on

exchange of physical facilities
When relationships are defined only by exchange of physical facilities (money,
services, favors):
 Relationships become transactional
 Expectations become conditional
 Exploitation increases
 Trust reduces
 Emotional dissatisfaction grows
Such relationships survive only as long as exchange continues.
Example:
Friendship based on money ends when financial support stops.
Conclusion
Physical exchange alone cannot define or sustain relationships.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

23. (b) Consequences of wrong evaluations and development of Self-
confidence through right evaluation
Consequences of wrong evaluation
Wrong evaluation (based on body, money, position) leads to:
 Ego or inferiority complex
 Fear and insecurity
 Comparison and competition
 Broken relationships
 Social conflict
Right evaluation and Self-confidence
Right evaluation is based on Self, not body or possessions. When I evaluate
myself correctly:
 I stop comparing
 I recognize my intrinsic worth
 I feel secure and confident
Respecting myself as a human being develops Self-confidence, which is stable
and not dependent on success or failure.
Conclusion
Right evaluation leads to self-confidence and harmony.

24. (a) Meaning of family, members, expectations and responsibilities

Meaning of family
For me, family is a natural unit of relationships where trust, love, care,
guidance, and mutual responsibility are lived continuously.
Family / extended family members
 Parents (Father, Mother)
 Grandparents
 Siblings
 Uncles, Aunts, Cousins
What I call them
 Mother, Father
 Dada/Dadi, Nana/Nani
 Brother, Sister
 Uncle, Aunt
Expectations from them
 Parents: Love, guidance, security
 Grandparents: Affection, wisdom
 Siblings: Cooperation, friendship
 Relatives: Support and goodwill
My responsibilities (expected feelings)
 Parents: Respect, gratitude, care

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  Grandparents: Reverence, affection
 Siblings: Love, cooperation
 Relatives: Respect and goodwill
Conclusion
Family is the first school of human values.

24. (b) Expected feelings in the Teacher–Student relationship

The Teacher–Student relationship is value-oriented, not transactional.
Expected feelings from Teacher
 Care: Concern for student’s growth
 Guidance: Providing right knowledge and direction
 Respect: Seeing the student as a human being
 Trust: Belief in student’s intention to learn
Expected feelings from Student
 Trust: In teacher’s intention
 Respect: For knowledge and role
 Reverence: For wisdom and values
 Gratitude: For guidance and support
Example:
A true teacher focuses on student’s development, not marks alone.
Conclusion
When these feelings are present, education becomes transformative.
25. (a) Proposal of Trust and critical evaluation of the statement
Proposal of Trust (as per UHV)
Trust is the foundational value of all human relationships.
It means to have the firm belief that the other human being has a right
intention for my happiness and prosperity, even if his/her competence is
limited.
Key points:
 Trust is about intention, not competence.
 Intention is always right; competence may be limited.
 Trust is unconditional and continuous.
 Trust is a feeling in the Self, not based on external proof.
Critical evaluation of the statement
“I cannot trust any stranger because I don’t know his/her intention.”
This statement is incorrect from the UHV perspective.
 We do not need to know someone’s intention to trust.
 If trust is postponed until verification, relationships can never begin.
 Doubting intention creates fear, insecurity, and isolation.
 Society becomes fragmented when trust is conditional.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

Example:
When we board a bus, we trust the driver though he is a stranger. Life functions
because of default trust.
Conclusion
Trust is not based on familiarity but on right understanding of human nature.

25. (b) Is understanding relationship essential for trust? What effort is

required?
Yes, understanding relationship is essential to understand and live with trust.
Why understanding is required
Without understanding:
 Trust becomes conditional
 We confuse intention with competence
 Fear dominates relationships
Understanding helps us see that:
 Every human being wants happiness
 Wrong actions are due to lack of competence, not bad intention
Effort required to understand trust
1. Self-exploration
2. Distinguishing intention from competence
3. Observing one’s expectations from others
4. Validating trust through natural acceptance
5. Living with trust in relationships
Yes, I am making this effort by reflecting on my feelings, understanding Self
vs Body, and practicing trust consciously.
Conclusion
Trust is not blind faith; it is clarity born out of right understanding.

26. (a) Define Respect and differentiation based on body, facility, or

beliefs
Definition of Respect
Respect is the right evaluation of a human being as a human being, not
based on body, wealth, position, or beliefs.
Wrong differentiation in relationships
We often differentiate people based on:
 Body: age, gender, appearance
 Physical facilities: money, property, status
 Beliefs: religion, caste, ideology
These lead to:
 Superiority–inferiority
 Discrimination

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  Ego and insult
 Social conflict
Right approach
Respect should be uniform and unconditional, because:
 Self is same in all humans
 Needs of Self are same
 Aspiration for happiness is same
Conclusion
Respect cannot be selective; it must be for everyone equally.

26. (b) Ensuring complementarity based on competence

Complementarity means mutual fulfillment, not comparison.
To ensure complementarity:
 Recognize different competencies
 Avoid comparison
 Cooperate instead of competing
 Assign roles according to capability
 Appreciate contribution of everyone
Example:
In a family, earning member and homemaker have different competencies but
are equally important.
Conclusion
Complementarity ensures harmony while respecting diversity in competence.

27. (a) Distinguish between Reverence and Glory

Aspect Reverence Glory
Basis Excellence Position, fame
Nature Value-based Status-based
Continuity Continuous Temporary
Universality Can be for all Cannot be for all
Can I have both for everyone?
 Reverence: Yes, potentially for everyone who attains excellence
 Glory: No, because glory is comparative
Conclusion
Reverence is healthy; glory leads to competition and jealousy.

27. (b) Feeling for someone who helps fulfill your needs

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Needs of the Body
 Food, shelter, money, service
→ Feeling: Gratitude
Needs of the Self
 Care, respect, guidance
→ Feeling: Trust, Respect, Affection
If someone helps both:
 Body needs → Gratitude
 Self needs → Respect and Love
Conclusion
True fulfillment happens when Self needs are addressed, not body alone.

28. (a) Right Evaluation and wrong evaluations

Right Evaluation
Right evaluation means understanding the Self correctly and evaluating
humans based on their intrinsic worth.
Wrong evaluations
1. Over-evaluation – considering oneself superior
2. Under-evaluation – inferiority complex
3. Otherwise evaluation – based on body/facility
Consequences
 Ego or depression
 Fear and insecurity
 Broken relationships
 Social disharmony
Conclusion
Right evaluation leads to self-confidence and respect.

28. (b) “Every human being is similar to me” & respect with different
competencies
Similarity means:
 Same Self
 Same aspiration for happiness
 Same need for respect and trust
Competencies may differ, but:
 Respect is for the Self
 Roles are based on competence
Example:
Teacher and student differ in knowledge but deserve equal respect as humans.
Conclusion
Respect is independent of competence.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)

29. (a) Meaning of justice and its state in the family
Meaning of Justice
Justice means recognition, fulfillment, and evaluation of relationships
correctly.
Justice ensures:
 Right feelings
 Right behavior
 Mutual fulfillment
State of justice in family
Justice exists if:
 Parents care and guide
 Children respect and trust
 Responsibilities are fulfilled
Conflicts indicate partial justice.
Conclusion
Family is the first place where justice is learned.

29. (b) Ensuring justice in family and extending to society

Steps in family
 Right understanding
 Open communication
 Role clarity
 Mutual respect
Extension to society
 Trust neighbors
 Cooperative living
 Inclusive behavior
 Community participation
Conclusion
Justice expands naturally from family to society.

30. (a) Production-work for comprehensive human goal

Production-work dimension
Production-work aims to ensure:
 Prosperity
 Right utilization
 Harmony with nature
Two important issues
1. Over-production and wastage

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 2. Exploitation of nature
Criteria of ‘how to produce’
 Need-based production
 Eco-friendly methods
 Renewable resources
 Minimum waste
Conclusion
Production must support human and ecological harmony.

30. (b) Significance of storage and two ways of storage

Significance of storage
 Ensures future security
 Prevents wastage
 Supports stability
Two right ways
1. Community storage (grains, water banks)
2. Individual storage within limits
Storage should be need-based, not hoarding.
Conclusion
Right storage ensures prosperity without exploitation.

Prof R_Shridhar (SAE)