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Sedimentary Rocks

Sedimentary rocks are formed by the deposition of sediment from air, water, ice or gravity. This sediment is eroded from source rocks and transported by various agents. Sedimentation is the process by which the sediment particles settle in place. Sedimentary rocks can be divided into four main groups: clastic sedimentary rocks formed from cemented rock fragments; biochemical sedimentary rocks formed by organisms; chemical sedimentary rocks formed by mineral precipitation; and a residual category for uncommon processes like volcanism or impacts. Common examples are limestone from organism remains, coal from compressed plant matter, and evaporite minerals like halite from chemical precipitation.

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32 views10 pages

Sedimentary Rocks

Sedimentary rocks are formed by the deposition of sediment from air, water, ice or gravity. This sediment is eroded from source rocks and transported by various agents. Sedimentation is the process by which the sediment particles settle in place. Sedimentary rocks can be divided into four main groups: clastic sedimentary rocks formed from cemented rock fragments; biochemical sedimentary rocks formed by organisms; chemical sedimentary rocks formed by mineral precipitation; and a residual category for uncommon processes like volcanism or impacts. Common examples are limestone from organism remains, coal from compressed plant matter, and evaporite minerals like halite from chemical precipitation.

Uploaded by

Rod Pabalan
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SEDIMENTARY

ROCKS Group 1
Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediment is
deposited out of air, ice, wind, gravity, or water
flows carrying the particles in suspension. This
sediment is often formed when weathering and
erosion break down a rock into loose material in a
source area.
Sedimentation is the collective name for processes that cause
these particles to settle in place. The particles that form a
sedimentary rock are called sediment, and may be composed
of geological detritus (minerals) or biological detritus (organic
matter). Before being deposited, the geological detritus was
formed by weathering and erosion from the source area, and
then transported to the place of deposition by water, wind, ice,
mass movement or glaciers, which are called agents of
denudation.
Sedimentary rocks can be subdivided into four
groups based on the processes responsible for
their formation: clastic sedimentary rocks,
biochemical (biogenic) sedimentary rocks,
chemical sedimentary rocks, and a fourth category
for "other" sedimentary rocks formed by
impacts, volcanism, and other minor processes.
Clastic sedimentary rocks are composed of
other rock fragments that were cemented by
silicate minerals. Clastic rocks are composed
largely of quartz, feldspar, rock (lithic)
fragments, clay minerals, and mica; any type
of mineral may be present, but they in general
represent the minerals that exist locally.
Biochemical sedimentary rocks are created
when organisms use materials dissolved in air
or water to build their tissue. Examples
include:
Most types of limestone are formed from the
calcareous skeletons of organisms such as
corals, mollusks, and foraminifera.
Example:
Coal, formed from plants that have
removed carbon from the atmosphere
and combined it with other elements
to build their tissue.
Chemical sedimentary rock forms when
mineral constituents in solution become
supersaturated and inorganically precipitate.
Common chemical sedimentary rocks include
oolitic limestone and rocks composed of
evaporite minerals, such as halite (rock salt),
sylvite, barite and gypsum.
“Other” sedimentary rocks, this fourth
miscellaneous category includes rocks formed
by Pyroclastic flows, impact breccias, volcanic
breccias, and other relatively uncommon
processes.
ThaT’s all
Thank You 

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