GRAPH OF COSECANT AND SECANT
FUNCTION
BY:
GROUP 2
RECALL:
GRAPH OF SINE AND COSINE FUNCTIONS
THE GRAPH OF SINE and COSINE FUNCTION
The following steps can be observed in sketching the graph of sine function of the form y=a sin bx or f(x)= a sin bx.
1. Determine first the amplitude and the period of the function.
Amplitude (a)= ∣a∣
Period (p) =∣2π/b∣
[Link] the period into four equal parts. Thus,
P p/4, p/2, 3p/4, p
3. Make a table of values then plot accurately on the xy-plane.
4. Draw an xy- plane. The x- axis must contain the amplitude ∣a∣ while the y- axis must have the four equal parts of the period
(p) as the main points.
5. Connect the points to make a smooth curve.
Example:
Sketch the graph of y=sin x
Solution:
[Link] (a)= ∣1 ∣
Period (p) = ∣2π/1∣=2π
2. The four equal parts of p= 2π are: π/2,π,3π/2,2π.
3. x 0 π/2 π 3π/2 2π
Sin x 0 1 0 -1 0
[Link]
y
0
1
x
-2π -3π/2 –π -π/2 -1 π/2 π 3π/2 2π
-2
THE GRAPH OF COSINE FUNCTION
In graphing cosine functions, we follow the same procedures applied in graphing sine functions. The graph of cosine
function in the form of y=a cos bx.
Example:
Sketch the graph of y= -3 cos x
Sulotion:
1. Amplitude =∣-3∣= 3
Period =∣2π/1∣= 2π
2. The four equal parts of p= πare: π/2,π, 3π/2,2π
3.
x 0 π/2 π 3π/2 2π
cos x 1 0 3 0 -3
[Link] cosine curve y
x
THE SINE AND COSINE FUNCTION CURVES
The sine and cosine curves,
y= a sin b (x – c) and y= a cos b (x – c) (k > 0)
have a amplitude ∣a∣, period 2π/b, and phase shift b .
An appropriate interval on which to graph one complete period is (c, c + (2π/b)).
EXAMPLE OF SINE CURVES
Find the amplitude, period, and phase shift of y= 3 sin 2(x – π/4 ) and graph one complete period.
Solution:
Amplitude = ∣3∣= 3
Period = 2π/2 = π
Phase shift = π/4
One complete period = [π/4,π/4 + π] = [π/4,5π/4]
(graph to be discussed)
THE COSINE FUNCTION CURVES
EXAMPLE OF COSINE CURVES
Find the amplitude, period, and the phase shift of y= ¾ cos ( 2x + 2π/3 )and graph one complete period.
Solutions:
Amplitude = ∣3/4∣= ¾
Period = 2π/2 = π
Phase shift = - 2π/3
One complete period = [- π/3,2π/3]
THE GRAPH OF SECANT AND
COSECANT
WHAT IS COSECANT AND SECANT FUNCTION ?
The cosecant and secant functions are reciprocals of sine and cosine functions, respectively. This
means that their period are also 2pi. The graph of cosecant function is related to the sine graph in the
same way the graph of secant function is related to the cosine graph. When graphing the two
reciprocal functions, it is helpful to graph the corresponding sine and cosine functions as a guide.
Dashed curve should be used for sine and cosine functions while a solid curve should be used their
reciprocals.
So, the steps on how to graph the cosecant and secant function are the same as sine and cosine
functions.
Steps on graphing cosecant and secant function:
1. Determine first the amplitude and the period of the function.
Amplitude (a)=∣a∣
Period (p) = ∣2π/b∣
2. Divide the period into four equal parts. Thus,
P p/4, p/2, 3p/4, p
3. Make the tables of values then plot accurately on the xy- pplane.
4.
COSECANT FUNCTION
EXAMPLES:
Sketch the graph of y= csc x
Solutions:
1. Amplitude =∣1∣=1
2. period = ∣2π/1∣=2π
3. Increments:π/2,π,3π/2, 2π
x π/6 π/2 π 7π/6 3π/2 11π/6 2π 0
4. Tables of values
y=sin x ½ 1 0 -1/2 -1 -1/2 0 0
y=csc x 2 1 und -2 -1 -2 und und
4.
GRAPH OF SECANT
Example:
y= sec x
Solution:
amplitude =∣1∣=1
Period =∣2π/1∣= 2π
Increments: π/2,π, 3π/2, 2π
Graph : x 0 π/2 π 3π/2 2π
y=cos x 1 0 -1 0 1
y= sec x 1 und -1 und 1
Graph
THE COSECANT AND SECANT CURVES
The function y= a csc b x and y= a sec b x have period 2π/b.
An appropriate interval on which to graph one period is [0, 2π/b].
EXAMPLE OF COSECANT CURVES
y= ½ csc ( 2x =
