Introduction to
Living in theComputing
Information Technology Era
KEY TERMS
ACM – Association of Computing Machinery
ENIAC – Electronic Numeric Integrator
ICT – Information and Communication Technology
IDI – ICT Development Index
IT – Information Technology
ITU – International Telecommunication Union
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USB – Universal Serial Bus
Artificial Intelligence - Science of making computers
or machines to do things that requires intelligence
when done by humans.
Automation – technique of making an apparatus, a
process or system to operate automatically.
Big Data – is a term that describes large volumes of
data .
Blog – combination of two words web and log
Blogger - a person who writes blog
Communication – process of Information exchange through verbal and
non –verbal.
Communication device – hardware component
Computer Disc – portable metal disc
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Desktop Computer – designed to be a placed on a desk.
Exploitation – action of making use and benefiting from resources.
Hard Disk - non removable magnetic disk with a large data
Storage capacity.
Information - knowledge obtained from reading, investigation
or study.
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Information age - a period in human history.
Information and Communication Technology - refers to technology that Supports activities
involving information such as gathering, processing and storing.
Information technology – pertains to the industry that involves Computer
Input device – any hardware component that allows one to enter data or instructions in to a
computer.
Intelligent System – is far more complex machine capable of learning.
Laptop Computer – battery powered computer that is more portable than desktop.
Libel – refers to publication of a false statement that damages one’s business and reputation.
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Mainframe – is a powerful multi-user computer that is capable of supporting
hundreds or thousands of user simultaneously.
Media – communication devices used in interaction and communication
Minicomputer – multi use computer capable of supporting 10 to hundreds of user
simultaneously.
Modem – device or program that enables the computer to transmit data over .
Motherboard – is a circuitry of the system unit which is commonly a part of or
link to a circuit board.
Output Devices - hardware component that transmit information to one or more
people.
Personal Computer – is a small, single user computer based on a microprocessor
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Plagiarism – is the act of using someone’s intellectual property.
Port – is an end point of communication in an operating system
Smartphone – is a mobile phone that performs many function of the computer.
Software privacy - refers to an act installing a copy of software into one’s computer without
permission.
Storage – holds data, instructions, and information for future use.
Supercomputer – is an extremely fast computer that can perform millions of instruction per
second
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System unit – is a box like case that contains the electronic components
Which are used to process data.
Technology – has made communication much easier and faster through telephones,
Computers, and mobile devices.
Trend – refers to a particular style fashion, devices and entertainment.
USB flash drive - is a portable storage devices that has more storage capacity than
a floppy disk or Zip disk.
User – is anyone who communicate and interacts with a computer.
Workstation – is similar to a personal computer but has more powerful microprocessor and
a higher quality monitor.
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INFORMATION
AND
COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGY :
AN OVERVIEW
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Technology presently includes advancement in
communication and how information is handled, thus
enabling government, organizations, industries and ordinary
individuals to improve on their decision making, business
processes and everyday living.
ICT was defined as “related technologies that facilitate the
transfer of information and various type of electronically
mediated communications” by Colrain Zuppo
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IT VERSUS ICT
IT is used in general sense and is described INFORMATION – the knowledge obtained from
As using computers and other digital technologies to reading, investigation, study or research.
assist individuals or institutions in handling or using
information. Processed information is called knowledge
It supports activities involving information such as COMMUNICATION – act of transmitting messages.
gathering processing, storing and presenting data.
TECHNOLOGY – evolved in ways that improve
IT pertains to the industry that involves computer, people’s activities.
software, networking, and other IT
Infrastructure to hep relay or manage information
important in modern day living.
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HISTORY OF
COMPUTERS
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