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Control System: Lag Lead Compensator

This document presents information on lag lead compensators. It was presented by 5 students from the Instrumentation Engineering department at Assam Engineering College. A lag lead compensator combines the effects of a lead compensator with a lag compensator to improve a system's transient response, stability, and steady state error. It uses a cascade combination of lag and lead networks. The transfer function and pole-zero plot of a lag lead compensator are provided. Design procedures are outlined, including using bode plots to design the controller and simulating the compensated system. Implementations in analog and digital control systems are discussed. The effects of a lag lead compensator include improved bandwidth and steady state performance.

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Bhargab Kakati
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1K views13 pages

Control System: Lag Lead Compensator

This document presents information on lag lead compensators. It was presented by 5 students from the Instrumentation Engineering department at Assam Engineering College. A lag lead compensator combines the effects of a lead compensator with a lag compensator to improve a system's transient response, stability, and steady state error. It uses a cascade combination of lag and lead networks. The transfer function and pole-zero plot of a lag lead compensator are provided. Design procedures are outlined, including using bode plots to design the controller and simulating the compensated system. Implementations in analog and digital control systems are discussed. The effects of a lag lead compensator include improved bandwidth and steady state performance.

Uploaded by

Bhargab Kakati
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CONTROL SYSTEM

PRESENTATION ON

LAG LEAD COMPENSATOR

Presented by –
1. Bhargab Kakati - 19115
2. Bhaskar Basumatary - 19359
3. Divangana Hazarika - 19396
4. Gayatri Dulakakharia - 20539
5. Nabajyoti Gogoi - 20540
Instrumentation Engineering, AEC, GHY-13
Introduction

 Compensator
A compensator is a component in the control system and it is used to
regulate another system. In most of the time, it is done by conditioning
the input or the output to that system. There are three types of
compensators: lag, lead and lag-lead compensators.

 What is compensation or Correction of a Control System?


- Increasing a component, which makes the system performance to be
improved , other than only varying the system parameter, this procedure
is called the compensation or correction of the system.
Lag Lead Compensator

 A Lag Lead compensator combines the effects of a lead compensator


with that of lag compensator. The result is a system improved transient
response, stability and steady state error. To implement a lag lead
compensator, first design a lead compensator to achieve the desired
transient response and stability, and then add on a lag compensator to
improve the steady-state response.
Circuit diagram of lag lead compensator
• It is a cascade combination of lag as well as
lead network.
• If C1 is eliminated from the circuit then the
circuit will be a lag network.
• If C2 is eliminated from the circuit then the
circuit will be a lead network.
• The transfer function is given by

Here the value of β > 1


Here poles are s = – β/T1, – 1/βT2 and zeros are
at s = – 1/T1, – 1/T

The figure below shows the pole-zero plot of


the lag lead compensator:
Lag Lead compensation based on
bode plot :

Fig : bode plot of lag lead comensation


Design Phase Lag-Lead Controller

• Check the transient response and steady state characteristics


of the original system.
• Design a phase-lead controller to meet the transient response
requirements.
• Design a phase-lag controller to satisfy the steady state error
requirements.
• Check that the compensated system has the desired
specifications.
Lead-Lag compensator procedures
• Evaluate the performance of the uncompensated system to determine how
much improvement in transient response is required.
• Design the lead compensator to meet the transient response specifications. The
design includes the zero location, pole location,and the pole gain.
• Simulate the system to be sure all requirements have been meet.
• Redesign if the simulation shows that requirements have not been meet.
• Evaluate the steady state error performance for the lead-compensated system
to determine how much more improvement in steady state error is required.
• Design the lag compensator to yield the required steady state error.
• Simulate the system to be sure all requirements have been met.
• Redesign if the simulation shows that requirements have not been met.
Implementation
Both analog and digital control systems use lead-lag compensators. The
technology used for the implementation is different in each case, but the
underlying principles are the same. The transfer function is rearranged so that the
output is expressed in terms of sums of terms involving the input, and integrals of
the input and output. For example,

In analog control systems, where integrators are expensive, it is common to group


terms together to minimize the number of integrators required:
Electronic lag lead compensator
using Operational amplifier.

Fig : Lag Lead compensator using op-Amp


Effects of lag lead compensator

• The lead characteristics of the cascaded compensator


provide improvement in the overall bandwidth.
• Also , due to the use of the lag network the steady state
performance of the system gets improved.
Advantages of Lag Lead
Compensation

• Due to the presence of phase lag-lead network the speed of


the system increases because it shifts gain crossover
frequency to a higher value.
• Due to the presence of phase lag-lead network accuracy is
improved.
Thank You

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