HVAC Systems
Week 18 notes
DUCT SIZING
Duct Sizing
Although the same theory applies to all components the
straight ductwork and duct fittings are sized using
different techniques.
Straight ductwork is sized using a duct sizing chart.
Fittings are sized using pressure loss factors (
pT = PV
CIBSE
DUCT SIZING
Volume Flow
CHART
ter
me
Dia
Ve
Pressure Loss
lo c
ity
PRESSURE LOSS FACTORS
p = x 0.6v2
= pv @ inlet
PRESSURE LOSS
FACTORS
PRESSURE
LOSS
FACTORS
PRESSURE LOSS FACTORS
CIBSE DUCT
SIZING CHART
EXAMPLE
Size a duct to handle
1000l/s at a pressure loss
of 1 Pa/m
ANSWER
450mm dia
Equivalent Diameters for Rectangular Ductwork
EXAMPLE
Find a suitable rectangular
duct for an equivalent
diameter of 450mm
POSSIBLE ANSWERS
400 x 400 = 441 or 400 x 450 = 467
CIBSE DUCT
SIZING CHART
EXAMPLE
Find the pressure losses
for ducts with equivalent
diameters of 441 and
467mm dia with an air
flow rate of 1000l/s
ANSWERS
441mm = 1.2 Pa/m
and
467mm = 0.8 Pa/m
THUS THE WITH THE
SMALLER DUCT THE
PRESSURE LOSS WILL
INCREASE BY 20% AND
WITH THE LARGER DUCT
WILL DECREASE BY 20%
DUCT SIZING EXAMPLE
DUCT SIZING EXAMPLE
EQIV.
DUCT VOL DIA a x b P/m L P
DIA.
A 1.5 520 500 x 450 522 1.0 50 50.0
B 1.0 450 400 x 450 467 0.8 20 16.0
C 0.5 350 400 x 250 346 1.05 30 30.15
5
0.3
TOTAL 96.15
0.3
5
0. 2
0. 2
5
0 .1
0 .1
Pressure drop
EQIV.
DUCT VOL DIA wxh P/m L P
DIA.
A 1.5 520 500 x 450 522 1.0 50 50.0
B 1.0 450 400 x 450 467 0.8 20 16.0
C 0.5 350 400 x 250 346 1.05 30 30.15
TOTAL 96.15
p = pvc
Fitting Q v Pv p
1.5 6.66 26.6 -0.07 -1.9
Tee
1.0 4.44 11.8
0.32
4.44 11.8 3.8
Contraction 1.0 0.00
5.55 18.5 0.0
1.0 5.55 18.5 0.00 0.00
Tee
0.5 2.77 4.6
2.77 4.6 0.31 1.4
Contraction 0.5
5.00 15.0 0.06 1.1
0.67
Bend 0.5 5.00 15.0 0.24 4.4
qs/qc
5.00 15.0 0.45 8.3
Enlargment 0.5
2.0 2.4
-0.070
Terminal 0.5 2.0 2.4 25.0
TOTAL 19.2 + 25.0 = 44.2
EQIV.
DUCT VOL DIA wxh P/m L P
DIA.
A 1.5 520 500 x 450 522 1.0 50 50.0
B 1.0 450 400 x 450 467 0.8 20 16.0
C 0.5 350 400 x 250 346 1.05 30 30.15
TOTAL 96.15
Fitting Q v Pv p
1.5 6.66 26.6 -0.07 -1.9
Tee
1.0 4.44 11.8
0.32
4.44 11.8 3.8
Contraction 1.0 0.05
5.55 18.5 0.9
1.0 5.55 18.5 0.0 0.0
Tee
0.5 2.77 4.6
2.77 4.6 0.33 1.5 0.8
Contraction 0.5
5.00 15.0 0.05 0.75 0.55
Bend 0.5 5.00 15.0 0.24 4.4
5.00 15.0 0.45 8.3
Enlargment 0.5
2.0 2.4
Terminal 0.5 2.0 2.4 25.0
= 0.05 = 0.05
TOTAL 19.2 + 25.0 = 44.2
EQIV.
DUCT VOL DIA wxh P/m L P
DIA.
A 1.5 520 500 x 450 522 1.0 50 50.0
B 1.0 450 400 x 450 467 0.8 20 16.0
C 0.5 350 400 x 250 346 1.05 30 30.15
TOTAL 96.15
Fitting Q v Pv p
1.5 6.66 26.6 -0.07 -1.9
Tee
1.0 4.44 11.8
0.32
4.44 11.8 3.8
Contraction 1.0 0.05
5.55 18.5 0.9
1.0 5.55 18.5 0.0 0.0
Tee
0.5 2.77 4.6
2.77 4.6 0.33 1.5
Contraction 0.5
5.00 15.0 0.05 0.75
Bend 0.5 5.00 15.0 0.24 3.6
5.00 15.0 0.45 8.3
Enlargment 0.5
2.0 2.4
Terminal 0.5 2.0 2.4 25.0
TOTAL 19.2 + 25.0 = 44.2
EQIV.
DUCT VOL DIA wxh P/m L P
DIA.
A 1.5 520 500 x 450 522 1.0 50 50.0
B 1.0 450 400 x 450 467 0.8 20 16.0
C 0.5 350 400 x 250 346 1.05 30 30.15 500x500
TOTAL 96.15
Fitting Q v Pv p
1.5 6.66 26.6 -0.07 -1.9
Tee
1.0 4.44 11.8
0.32
4.44 11.8 3.8
Contraction 1.0 0.05
5.55 18.5 0.9
1.0 5.55 18.5 0.0 0.0
Tee
0.5 2.77 4.6
2.77 4.6 0.33 1.5
Contraction 0.5
5.00 15.0 0.05 0.75
Bend 0.5 5.00 15.0 0.24 3.6
5.00 15.0 0.41 6.2
Enlargment 0.5
2.0 2.4
2.5
Terminal 0.5 2.0 2.4 25.0
TOTAL 10.85 + 25.0 = 35.85 = 0.413
EQIV.
DUCT VOL DIA wxh P/m L P
DIA.
A 1.5 520 500 x 450 522 1.0 50 50.0
B 1.0 450 400 x 450 467 0.8 20 16.0
C 0.5 350 400 x 250 346 1.05 30 30.15
TOTAL 96.15
Fitting Q v Pv p
1.5 6.66 26.6 -0.07 -1.9
Tee
1.0 4.44 11.8
TOTAL PRESSURE LOSS
0.32
4.44 11.8 3.8
Contraction 1.0 0.05 Ductwork 96.15
5.55 18.5 0.9
Fittings 10.85
1.0 5.55 18.5 0.0 0.0 Terminal 25.00
Tee
0.5 2.77 4.6
TOTAL 130.00
2.77 4.6 0.33 1.5
Contraction 0.5
5.00 15.0 0.05 0.75
Bend 0.5 5.00 15.0 0.24 3.6
5.00 15.0 0.41 6.2
Enlargment 0.5
2.0 2.4
Terminal 0.5 2.0 2.4 25.0
TOTAL 10.85 + 25.0 = 35.85
