F IR E P R OT E C T I O N CONT.
OHAME D SAE E D HAME D
BY: ENG. M
Fire Fighting Systems
Codes And Standards
• NFPA National Fire Protection Association:
• NFPA 10: STANDARD FOR PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS.
• NFPA 13: STANDARD FOR THE INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS.
• NFPA 14: STANDARD FOR THE INSTALLATION OF STANDPIPE AND HOSE SYSTEMS.
• NFPA 20: STANDARD FOR THE INSTALLATION OF STATIONARY PUMPS FOR FIRE
PROTECTION.
REFER TO [Link]
• الكود المصري للحريق
Fire Fighting
systems
Foam systems Gas systems Water based systems
WATER BASED FIRE FIGHTING
SYSTEMS
Manual Equipment Automatic Systems
Hydrants Monitors Standpipes Open Head Systems Closed Head
Systems
Water Curtain Systems Cooling Systems Deluge Systems
Preaction Sprinkler Systems
Systems
Wet Systems Dry Systems
SPRINKL E R SY S T E M
DESIGN
Main System Components
A)Reliable water source
B) Piping network
C) Initiation and control equipment
D)Discharge devices
Hazards Classification According To NFPA 13:
1- Light hazard
2- Ordinary hazard:
Group (1)
Group (2)
3- Extra hazard
Group (1)
Group (2)
1- Light hazard
LIGHT HAZARD OCCUPANCIES SHALL BE DEFINED AS OCCUPANCIES OR
PORTIONS OF OTHER OCCUPANCIES
WHERE THE QUANTITY AND/OR COMBUSTIBILITY OF CONTENTS IS LOW AND
FIRES WITH RELATIVELY LOW RATES
OF HEAT RELEASE ARE EXPECTED.
1- Light hazard
-CHURCHES -MUSEUMS
-CLUBS -NURSING OR CONVALESCENT HOMES
-EAVES AND OVERHANGS, IF OF COMBUSTIBLE -OFFICES, INCLUDING DATA PROCESSING
CONSTRUCTION WITH NO COMBUSTIBLES
-RESIDENTIAL
BENEATH
-RESTAURANT SEATING AREAS
-EDUCATIONAL
-THEATERS AND AUDITORIUMS, EXCLUDING
-HOSPITALS
STAGES AND PROSCENIUMS
-INSTITUTIONAL
-UNUSED ATTICS
-LIBRARIES, EXCEPT LARGE STACK ROOMS
-MUSEUMS
2- Ordinary hazard (Group 1):
ORDINARY HAZARD (GROUP 1) OCCUPANCIES SHALL BE DEFINED AS
OCCUPANCIES OR PORTIONS OF
OTHER OCCUPANCIES WHERE COMBUSTIBILITY IS LOW, QUANTITY OF
COMBUSTIBLES IS MODERATE,
STOCKPILES OF COMBUSTIBLES DO NOT EXCEED 8 FT (2.4 M), AND FIRES WITH
MODERATE RATES OF
HEAT RELEASE ARE EXPECTED.
2- Ordinary hazard (Group 1):
-AUTOMOBILE PARKING AND SHOWROOMS
-BAKERIES
-BEVERAGE MANUFACTURING
-CANNERIES
-DAIRY PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING AND PROCESSING
-ELECTRONIC PLANTS
-GLASS AND GLASS PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING
-LAUNDRIES
-RESTAURANT SERVICE AREAS
2- Ordinary hazard (Group 2):
ORDINARY HAZARD (GROUP 2) OCCUPANCIES SHALL BE DEFINED AS
OCCUPANCIES OR PORTIONS OF
OTHER OCCUPANCIES WHERE THE QUANTITY AND COMBUSTIBILITY OF
CONTENTS ARE MODERATE TO HIGH,
STOCKPILES DO NOT EXCEED 12 FT (3.7 M), AND FIRES WITH MODERATE TO
HIGH RATES OF HEAT
RELEASE ARE EXPECTED.
2- Ordinary hazard (Group 2):
CEREAL MILLS -METAL WORKING
-CHEMICAL PLANTS — ORDINARY -MERCANTILE
-CONFECTIONERY PRODUCTS -PAPER AND PULP MILLS
-DISTILLERIES -PAPER PROCESS PLANTS
-DRY CLEANERS -PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
-FEED MILLS -TEXTILE MANUFACTURING
-HORSE STABLES -TIRE MANUFACTURING
-LEATHER GOODS MANUFACTURING -TOBACCO PRODUCTS MANUFACTURING
-LIBRARIES — LARGE STACK ROOM AREAS -WOOD MACHINING
-MACHINE SHOPS -WOOD PRODUCT ASSEMBLY
3- Extra hazard (Group 1):
EXTRA HAZARD (GROUP 1) OCCUPANCIES SHALL BE DEFINED AS OCCUPANCIES
OR PORTIONS OF OTHER
OCCUPANCIES WHERE THE QUANTITY AND COMBUSTIBILITY OF CONTENTS ARE
VERY HIGH AND DUST, LINT,
OR OTHER MATERIALS ARE PRESENT, INTRODUCING THE PROBABILITY OF
RAPIDLY DEVELOPING FIRES WITH
HIGH RATES OF HEAT RELEASE BUT WITH LITTLE OR NO COMBUSTIBLE OR
FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS.
3- Extra hazard (Group 1):
-AIRCRAFT HANGARS (EXCEPT AS GOVERNED -RUBBER RECLAIMING, COMPOUNDING,
BY NFPA 409, STANDARD ON AIRCRAFT DRYING, MILLING, VULCANIZING
HANGARS) -SAW MILLS.
-COMBUSTIBLE HYDRAULIC FLUID USE AREAS -TEXTILE PICKING, OPENING, BLENDING,
-DIE CASTING GARNETTING, OR CARDING, COMBINING OF
COTTON, SYNTHETICS, --
-METAL EXTRUDING
-WOOL SHODDY, OR BURLAP
-PLYWOOD AND PARTICLE BOARD
MANUFACTURING -UPHOLSTERING WITH PLASTIC FOAMS
-PRINTING [USING INKS HAVING FLASH POINTS
BELOW 100°F (38°C)]
3- Extra hazard (Group 2):
• EXTRA HAZARD (GROUP 2) OCCUPANCIES SHALL BE DEFINED AS
OCCUPANCIES OR PORTIONS OF OTHER
• OCCUPANCIES WITH MODERATE TO SUBSTANTIAL AMOUNTS OF
FLAMMABLE OR COMBUSTIBLE
• LIQUIDS OR OCCUPANCIES WHERE SHIELDING OF COMBUSTIBLES IS
EXTENSIVE.
3- Extra hazard (Group 2):
ASPHALT SATURATING
-FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS SPRAYING
-FLOW COATING
-MANUFACTURED HOME OR MODULAR BUILDING ASSEMBLIES (WHERE FINISHED
ENCLOSURE IS PRESENT
AND HAS COMBUSTIBLE INTERIORS)
-OPEN OIL QUENCHING
-PLASTICS PROCESSING
-SOLVENT CLEANING
-VARNISH AND PAINT DIPPING
Sprinkler System Requirements:
Each separated zone should be controlled by separated -1
zone control station that
-: consists of
OS&Y Gate Valve -
Swing Check Valve -
Flow or Pressure Switch -
Test and Drain assembly -
Air Vent -
.Piping should be schedule 40 black seamless steel -2
Pipe sizing should be according to the system -3
.hazard and according to NFPA tables
Sprinkler System Requirements:
zone control stations
Sprinklers Operation Area (NFPA 13)
USUALLY WE SELECT THE POINT AT THE BOTTOM OF EACH CURVE AS MARKED ON CHART AND
THIS LEADS US TO THE FOLLOWING TABLE:-
Sprinkler Distribution Steps:
Sprinkler Distribution Steps:
.Locate sprinklers according to its type and maximum spacing and protection areas -1
Distance Area per Hazard
:NOTE
between sprinkler
Minimum Distance between two -
sprinklers = 1.8 m sprinkler
(m2)
Minimum distance between Wall and - (m)
Sprinkler = 10 cm 4.6 20.9 Light Hazard
4.6 12.1 Ordinary Hazard
3.7 9.3 Extra Hazard
Sprinkler Distribution Steps:
:Connect sprinklers by single lines according to the chosen network shape -2
a. Tree Sprinkler System b. Gridded Sprinkler System c. Looped Sprinkler System
Sprinkler Distribution Steps:
Size the pipes according to sizing tables or for extra hazard according to hydraulic -3
..calculations
Sprinkler Distribution Steps:
.Locate the zone control stations and their sizes -4
:System Protection Area Limitations (NFPA 13)
The maximum floor area on any one floor to be protected by sprinklers supplied by
:any one sprinkler system riser or combined system riser shall be as follows
SO Sprinkler Distribution Steps:
.Locate sprinklers according to its type and maximum spacing and protection areas -1
:Connect sprinklers by single lines according to the chosen network shape -2
Size the pipes according to sizing tables or for extra hazard according to hydraulic -3
..calculations
.Locate the zone control stations and their sizes -4
A N Y FU R T HE R Q U E S T I O N !
THANK YOU !!
SEE YOU NEXT TIME
