Sir Isaac Newton
Laws of Motion
Sir Isaac Newton
1. Described 3 laws
that relate forces to
motion
2. Force-a push or a
pull, all forces have size
and direction
Vocabulary
1. Friction- a force that opposes motion
between 2 objects that are touching
2. Inertia-tendency of all objects to stay at
rest or in motion
3. Mass- the amount of matter an object is
made of
Newtown’s 1st Law of Motion
“Law of Inertia”
An object at rest remains at rest and an
object in motion remains in motion at
constant speed and in a straight line unless
acted on by an unbalanced force
Examples of Newton’s 1st Law of
Motion
1. Car suddenly stops
and you strain against
the seat belt
2. Car turns left and
you appear to slide to
the right
3. The difficulty of
pushing a car that won’t
start
Examples of Newton’s 1st Law of
Motion
Examples of Newton’s 1st Law of
Motion
1st Law
Unless acted
upon by an
unbalanced
force, this golf
ball would sit
on the tee
forever.
Why then, do we observe
everyday objects in motion
slowing down and becoming
motionless seemingly without
an outside force?
Newtons’s 1st Law and You
Don’t let this be you. Wear seat belts.
Because of inertia, objects (including you) resist changes
in their motion. When the car going 80 km/hour is stopped
by the brick wall, your body keeps moving at 80 m/hour.
Bell Work
What is Newton’s 1st Law of Motion?
Is an example of Newton’s 1st Law when a
car turns left and you appear to slide to the
right?
What is inertia?
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
The acceleration of an object depends on the
mass of the object and the amount of the
force applied
Newton’s Second Law of Motion
1. Force = mass x acceleration F=m x a
2. Force- a push or pull, all forces have size and
direction
3. Mass- the amount of matter an object is made of
4. Acceleration-the rate at which velocity changes;
and object accelerates if its speed changes, if its
direction changes and if both speed and direction
changes
Examples of Newton’s 2nd Law
1. Hitting a softball, the harder the hit, the
faster the ball goes
2. Football players and their positions
3. Loaded versus an unloaded truck
Examples of Newton’s 2nd Law
2nd Law
When mass is in kilograms and acceleration
is in m/s/s, the unit of force is in newtons (N).
One newton is equal to the force required to
accelerate one kilogram of mass at one
meter/second/second.
2nd Law (F = m x a)
How much force is needed to accelerate a 1400
kilogram car 2 meters per second/per second?
Write the formula
F=mxa
Fill in given numbers and units
F = 1400 kg x 2 meters per second/second
Solve for the unknown
2800 kg-meters/second/second or 2800 N
Check Your Understanding
1. What acceleration will result when a 12 N net force
applied to a 3 kg object? A 6 kg object?
2. A net force of 16 N causes a mass to accelerate at a
rate of 5 m/s2. Determine the mass.
3. How much force is needed to accelerate a 66 kg skier 1
m/sec/sec?
4. What is the force on a 1000 kg elevator that is falling
freely at 9.8 m/sec/sec?
Newton’s Third Law of Motion
1. For every force, there is an equal and
opposite force
2. Action and Reaction
Examples of Newton’s 3rd Law
1. 2 cars hit head on
2. Jumping out of a boat onto a dock
3. Astronauts in space
Other examples of Newton’s
Third Law
The baseball forces
the bat to the left (an
action); the bat forces
the ball to the right
(the reaction).
3rd Law
Consider the motion
of a car on the way to
school. A car is
equipped with wheels
which spin
backwards. As the
wheels spin
backwards, they grip
the road and push the
road backwards.
3rd Law
The reaction of a rocket is an application
of the third law of motion. Various fuels
are burned in the engine, producing hot
gases.
The hot gases push against the inside
tube of the rocket and escape out the
bottom of the tube. As the gases move
downward, the rocket moves in the
opposite direction.
Identify the following if it’s the Law of Inertia,
Law of Acceleration and Law of Interaction .
1. A carpenter hammering the nail.
2. A boy walking on the road.
3. A man trying to stop a 2000 kg. car with a
200 N fore.
4. A boy kicking the ball.
5. An airplane ready for take off.
6. A running 50 kg boy is easier to stop than a
running 60 kg boy.
