FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION
SYSTEM:WORKING,PRINCIPLE AND ADVANTAGES
What is fiber optic communication?
•Fiber optic communication is a method of transmitting data using light, rather than
electricity like standard wires and cabling.
• Fiber optic cables are used in different areas with the largest being for telephones,
the Internet, and television.
Basics of Fiber Optics
- Explanation of optical fibers.
- Core, cladding and jacket composition.
- Total Internal Reflection principle.
WORKING
Figure shows the schematic diagram of a fiber optic communication system. The major components of an optical fiber
communication system are
i. The optical transmitter
ii. The optical fiber
iii. The optical receiver
WORKING
1. Encoder encodes the information in the binary sequence zeros and ones.
2. These electrical pulses are used to turn a light source on and off rapidly.
3. The optical fiber acts as a wave guide and transmits the optical pulses towards the receiver, by the
principle of total internal reflection.
4. The light detector receives the optical pulses and converts them into electrical pulses. These signals are
amplified by the amplifier.
5. The amplified signals are decoded by the decoder.
ADVANTAGE OF FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION
SYSTEM
High Bandwidth: Fiber optics can transmit a large amount of data over long distances with minimal signal
loss, providing high bandwidth capabilities for communication.
Low Attenuation: Light signals in fiber optics experience less attenuation (loss of signal strength) compared to
traditional copper cables, enabling data transmission over longer distances without the need for signal boosters.
Lightweight and Thin: Fiber optic cables are lighter and thinner than traditional copper cables, making them
easier to handle and install. This is especially beneficial in situations where weight and space considerations are
crucial.
Low Latency: The speed of light in fiber optics results in low latency, providing faster data transmission and
response times compared to other communication mediums.
Durability: Fiber optic cables are resistant to environmental factors such as moisture and temperature
fluctuations, contributing to their overall durability and reliability.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, fiber optic communication systems utilize the principle of transmitting data through pulses
of light along optical fibers.
The working principle involves the modulation of light signals to represent digital data, and these signals
travel through the fiber with minimal loss and interference.
The key advantages include high bandwidth, low signal attenuation, and immunity to electromagnetic
interference.
Overall, fiber optic communication systems are essential for high-speed, reliable, and secure data
transmission in various applications.
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