2nd Discussion Class
Chemical Engineering Design
CED3601
Department of Chemical Engineering
Dr Athi Mavukwana
How to reach me:
[email protected]
Cell no. 071 242 4065 (WhatsApp)
MS Teams
Discussion forum (myUnisa)
Focus for Assessment 2
• Process flowsheet synthesis
– Please go through study learning Units 1 and 2 in your
workbook
– Main project requirements
• Utilizing appropriate chemical engineering principles, methods,
and tools
• Consider alternative design decisions
• Determine process conditions
• Synthesize a process flowsheet
• How to write a technical report
– Learning Unit 3
Report structure
• Cover page: Title page with UNISA logo. Include your name and surname,
student number, module code, and project title/assessment number.
• Declaration: Include a statement that this is your work, sign, and date
• Acknowledgments
• Executive summary
• Table of Contents
1. Introduction
2. Body (covers the main aspects of the project, see project requirements)
3. Conclusions and Recommendations
4. References
• Appendices: Appendices contain material that is too detailed to include in
the main report, such as long mathematical derivations or calculations,
detailed technical drawings, and raw data. This material can be referred
to in the appendices in the main body of the report.
Report Structure
• Use justify format for all text
• Use Arial/Times New Roman
• Font 12
• Line spacing 1.5/2
• All main headings start on a separate page
• Cite sources within the main test
• Use Havard style of referencing
– Alphabeting order
– Avoid websites/online reports
Project Requirements
1. Decide whether the process is batch or continuous.
2. Conduct material balances to determine the target feed requirements. Consider different
conversion rates to determine how this will affect the feed requirements.
3. Based on a chosen conversion rate (use the existing literature available to guide your
choice), determine how the conversion will affect the process flowsheet, and conduct a
material balance.
4. Determine the amount of heat to be added or removed from the system by conducting an
energy balance.
5. Determine the thermodynamic favorability of the reaction at standard conditions and reaction
conditions. Determine the equilibrium conversion at various temperatures and pressures.
6. Consider the separation system required. Determine process conditions for the separation.
7. Consider whether a recycle system is required and whether compression is required.
Determine the effect of pressure on compression work (if applicable).
8. Determine the effect of the inerts on the system.
9. Provide a process flow diagram with a table containing the flowrates, compositions,
temperature, and pressures of all the process streams (not needed for the utilities like steam
and cooling water). All the process equipment should be indicated on this flow diagram.
Prior Knowledge
Assessment 1
Production of Monoethanolamine (MEA)
A new facility to produce Monoethanolamine (MEA) is being considered due to an
increase in demand. Therefore, you have been requested to design a plant to produce
10 000 metric tons per annum of Monoethanolamine (MEA) (at 99.5% purity). The
plant is to be located in Richards Bay, South Africa. The following feed streams are
available:
•Ammonia feed is available at 10 atm and 50°C from an adjacent plant. Ammonia is
available as an aqueous solution of 55 wt.% of ammonia and 45 wt.% water.
•Ethylene Oxide (99.99% pure) is available at 5 atm and 40°C.
•A reaction temperature of 150 oC is maintained in the reactor, and a pressure of 160
atmospheres to avoid the evaporation of ammonia.
•Under specified conditions of reaction, only MEA is produced when the feed ratio of
Ammonia /Ethylene oxide is 10.
•The plant should operate for 330 days in a year, in order to allow for shutdown and
maintenance
Mark Scheme
The following scheme will be used to mark the assessment:
Assessment 1: Process flowsheet synthesis
Design decision 5
Material balance 20
Energy balance 20
Reaction equilibrium 15
Separations equilibrium and process conditions 10
Recycle and purge system 10
Revised Process Flow Diagram 10
Overall presentation (technical report) 10
______________________________________
Total 100
The following graduate attributes (GA) will
be acquired in this module:
Please ensure that you submit the ALL assessments
as these assessments have graduate attributes
(GAs) attributed to them and failure of submit these
assessments means the GA is not met, and
therefore you shall fail the module.
What to consider
System
What to consider
• 50 tons of water leave the system with MEA
• But how much water is coming in?
• If we recycle NH3 what is the actual feed of NH3
MEA
NH3
Reaction purificati
removal
on
• Decisions:
– Should we purge water or recycle?
– Decide on operating conditions for all units
– What needs to be cooled or heated?
Energy balance
• Heat of formation (∆Hf)
• Reaction equilibrium
ΔGo (reaction) = ∑ΔGo (products) - ∑ΔGo (reactants)
Column energy balance
Ref to page 41
• Heat exchangers
If there is evaporation
Volumetric flow rate
• Please get started as soon as possible and
manage your time well and work on your project
consistently.
• Do not attempt to do your project at the last
minute, as you definitely will not succeed.
Assessment procedure
Prescribed Book Recommended Book
https://app.knovel.com/web/index.v.
Link to access recommended textbook
Time to voice your frustrations!!
