DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
(BHIMTAL)
Topic: Network Topology
Submitted to: Dr. Sunil Kumar
Submitted by: Abhishek Rana
B.M.S-M.B.A Integrated 5th Sem
TOPOLOGY
A computer network is a collection of two or more
computer which are connected to share information
and resource. Network topologies define the layout,
virtual shape or structure of network , not only
physically but also logically.
Physical topology is the physical layout of nodes,
workstation and cable in the network.
Logical topology is the way information flow
between different component.
Types of Physical Topologies
There are six types of topology.
1. Bus topology
2. Star Topology
3. Ring Topology
4. Mesh Topology
5. Tree Topology
6. Hybrid Topology
Bus Topology
In the bus topology , the computer are connected
through a common communication media or single
cable.
The bus Topology is the data link in bus network.
A host in a bus network is called a station or
workstation.
Advantages of Bus Topology
Easy to connect a computer .
It work in small network.
Relatively inexpensive to implement.
Disadvantages of Bus topology
Cable fail then whole network is fail.
Cable has limited length.
The performance of bus topology is low.
Star Topology
The star Topology uses a separate cable for each
workstation.
A star network is designed with each node connected
directly to a central network hub or server.
There is no direct traffic between device.
Advantages of Star Topology
Star topology has a better performance..
Easy to detect the failure and troubleshoot
it.
It is easy to manage.
Disadvantages of Star Topology
If hub fails whole hub down
Requires more cable then the bus.
Cost of installation is high.
Ring Topology
Every computer is connected to the next computer
in the ring and each and there is no central server.
Each packet is sent around the ring until it reaches
its final destination.
Advantages of Ring Topology
Each computer has equal access to resource.
Better performance than Bus Topology.
It performs well under a heavy load.
Disadvantages of Ring Topology
Ring Topology is very expensive.
Require more cable and network equipment
at the start.
Failure of one computer can effect the
whole network.
Mesh Topology
A mesh network or Mesh topology uses separate cable
to connect each device to every other device on the
network and providing a straight communication
path.
All nodes cooperate in the distribution of the data in
the network.
Advantages of Mesh topology
If one of the component fails there is
always an alternative present.
Easy to troubleshoot.
Each connection can carry its own data
load.
Disadvantages of Mesh topology
Difficult to install and maintain.
It is very expensive.
Bulk wiring required.
Tree topology
Tree topology is also called Expanded star topology.
In tree topology the main cable seems like a main stem of
a tree , and other star network as the branches.
In tree topology the nodes are connected to the secondary
hub that in turn is connected to the central hub. The
central hub is the active hub.
Advantages of tree topology
Extension of bus and star topology.
Easily managed and maintained.
If one segment is damaged, other segment
are not affected.
Disadvantages of tree topology
Tree topology is very costly.
If more nodes are added maintenance is
difficult.
Central hub fail, network fail.
Hybrid topology
It is the mixture of two or more topology.
A hybrid topology is always produced when two different
basic network topologies are connected.
e.g.: a hybrid network are: star ring network and star bus
network.
Advantages of Hybrid Topology
Hybrid topology is flexible.
It is very effective.
It has the ability to improve fault tolerance
and enable the easy addition or removal of
fundamental topologies.
Disadvantages of Hybrid Topology
It is type of network expensive.
The designed of a hybrid network is very
complex.
Installation is a difficult process.
