1191

Index Term Links

Absorption: Index
in aqueous solution 287-289
cross section 110
efficiency, mass 710
spectrum:
atmospheric 118
of molecular oxygen 118 123
of ozone 118 123
of water vapor 118
Accommodation coefficient 495 546
Accretion equation 811
Accumulation mode 59
Acetaldehyde 40
atmospheric chemistry 232
Acetone 40 234-235 259-260
lifetime 235
Acetonitrile 69
Acetylene 40
Acid deposition:
chemistry 966-968
cloudwater deposition 963-964
definition 954 955
effects 959-962
historical perspective 954-955
linearity 969-971
source-receptor relationships 968-969
trends 959
Acid rain, see Acid deposition
Acids:
aromatic polycarboxylic 644
dicarboxylic, in organic aerosol 643
diterpenoic 643
organic 41
Acrolein 40
Actinic flux 111
 1192
Index Term Links

spectral 111 122

Activated complex 81
Activated complex theory 81
Activity 447
coefficient 446
Adiabatic lapse rate, see Lapse rate
Adipic acid 643 648
Adjustment time 1048
Adsorption 658-661
Advection equation 829
Aerodynamic resistance 906-907
Aeronomy 6
Aerosols:
accumulation mode 59
Aitken mode 59
classification of sizes 59
coarse mode 59 383
composition 57-58 381-384
concentrations ambient 58
definition 55
dry deposition 908-911
fine mode 59 383
gravitational settling 408
interstitial 790
liquid water content 449-453
mean free path 420-421
mobility 418
modes 59
non-spherical 426
nuclei mode 59
relaxation time 408
size distribution functions 353-361
size distributions ambient 368-381
sources 61
stratospheric 57 179-180
 1193
Index Term Links

vertical distribution 388-389

Agglomeration, see Coagulation
AIM 485
Air parcel 722
Air pollutants:
hazardous 65-69
Air pollution:
definition 21
legislation 63-65
Air toxics 65-68
Aitken, John 529
Albedo 102
cloud 1081-1082
mean planetary 103
single-scattering 692 1057
Alcohols 261
Aldehydes 40 258-259
Alkalinity 961
Alkanals 643
Alkanes 38 41
chemistry 242-246
Alkanoic acids 643
Alkenals 643
Alkenes 39 41 247-253
Alkenoic acids 643
Alkoxy radicals 240 243
Alkyl nitrate 243
Alkyl radicals 39 243
Alkyl peroxy radicals 239-240 243
Alkynes 40-41
Altocumulus clouds 285
Aluminum role in acid rain effects 962
Amines 265-266
Ammonia 38
aqueous-phase equilibrium 299
 1194
Index Term Links

atmospheric concentrations 38
emissions global 38
Ammonium bisulfate 450
Ammonium ion 299
Ammonium nitrate 472-478
Ammonium sulfate 470-472
growth with RH 450
Kohler curve 771
Angstrom exponent 710-711
Antarctic Oscillation 997
Anthropocene 1030
Anticyclone 990
Arctic Oscillation 997
Aromatics 40-41 254-258
Arrhenius form 81
Arrhenius, Svante 1027
Asian Pacific Regional Aerosol
Characterization Experiment
(ACE-Asia) 1075
Asymmetry parameter 695
Asymptotic methods 1126
Atlanta:
ozone formation 236-237
Atmosphere
energy balance 101-103
evolution 1
general circulation 980-985
properties 1178-1179
spatial scales 18-19
total mass, moles, molecules 11
Atmospheric diffusion equation 834 998
in terms of mixing ratio 1109-1112
solutions 838-845 873-876 878-882
Backscatter ratio, hemispheric 695
Backward differentiation methods 1125
 1195
Index Term Links

Band saturation effect 120

Baroclinic instability 983
Beer-Lambert law 108
Below-cloud scavenging:
gases 937-947
particles 947-949
Benzene 40
Bernoulli trial 1161
Best raindrop distribution 812
BET isotherm 659
Beta function 1161
Bicarbonate ion 292-294
Biogenic hydrocarbons 41
chemistry 261-265
emissions 46
tracers 646
Biogeochemical cycle 21
Biological pump 1011
Biomass burning 63
Bisulfate ion 28
Bisulfite ion 28
Blackbody 100
radiation 100
Boltzmann distribution 503
Bond energy 115
Boussinesq approximation 735
Brewer-Dobson circulation 191 996
Bromine:
role in stratospheric chemistry 166-167
Bromoform 140
Brownian motion 412
coagulation 595-603
Brj, chemical family 167
Buckingham jt theorem 743
1,3-Butadiene 40
 1196
Index Term Links

n-Butane 246
1,4 Butenedial 258
Buys Ballot's law 989
Camphene 45
Canopy resistance 912
Capillarity approximation 497
Carbon:
black 61
cycle 1007-1018
elemental 60 632-633
light-absorbing 61
organic 634-640
primary 640-642
secondary 637 647-650
Carbonate ion 292
Carbon dioxide:
absorption spectrum 120-122
aqueous-phase equilibrium 292-294 1013
atmospheric concentration 1007-1008
lifetime 1014-1018
Carbon disulfide 28
Carbon monoxide 46-47
air quality standard 64
atmospheric chemistry 211-215
atmospheric concentrations 47
global budget 47
lifetime 205
Carbonyl sulfide 28 32-33
global budget 33
stratospheric aerosol production 57 180
Carbon tetrachloride 49
Carbonyls 40
yield from alkene-OH reaction 249
α,P-unsaturated 260
Carene 45
 1197
Index Term Links

CCN, see Cloud condensation nuclei

CFCs, see Chlorofluorocarbons
Chamber:
fast expansion 509
turbulent mixing 512
upward thermal diffusion 510
Chamber method 924
Chapman mechanism 142-151
Chapman-Enskog theory 401
Chapman function 128
Chapman, Sydney 138
Chappuis band 123
Characteristic curves 593
Characteristics, method of 592-593
Chemical family 89 148
Chemical mass balance method 1139
Chemical potential:
definition 436
electrolytes 448
ideal gas 442
ideal gas mixture 443
ideal solution 444
non ideal solution 446-447
pure solids 447
water 452
Chloride ion:
deficit 383 483
Chlorine:
stratospheric chemistry 162-166
Chlorine monoxide radical (CIO) 162 177
Chlorine nitrate 165 168 174
Chlorofluorocarbons 47
global warming potential 1044
lifetime 1044
naming 49-50
 1198
Index Term Links

photolysis 162
use 162
Cholesterol 646
Cigarette smoke, tracers 646
Circulation, general 980-985
Cirrus clouds 285
Clausius-Clapeyron equation 453
Clean Air Act 63-65
Climate 4-6 1026
feedback 1035
forcing 5 1035 1038
sensitivity 1039-1041
Closed system 318
Closure problem 739
Cloud:
albedo 1081-1082
condensation nuclei 791-794 1078
droplet composition 795-798
ice 805
liquid water content 286
optical depth 1081
processing of aerosols 794
radiative effect 1049
types 286
ClOx family 163
Cly chemical family 165
Coagulation 595-610
coefficient:
Brownian motion 596-603
gravitational settling 614
Coagulation (Continued)
laminar shear flow 613
turbulent flow 614
effect of force fields 615-619
equation:
 1199
Index Term Links

continuous 606
discrete 605
Coarse mode 60
Collinearity 1145
Collision:
efficiency 949
frequency factor 79
of raindrops and aerosols 947-954
theory 77
Collision rate
coagulating particles 597-599
gas-kinetic 78
Condensation, aerosol 589-591
equation 591
Condensation mode 373 802
Condensation nuclei 791
Continuity equation 733
Continuum regime 399
Contrast, threshold 704
Convective velocity scale 870
Coriolis force 981 985 988
parameter 986
Correlation coefficients 1147
Coulomb forces 618
Courant limit 1130
Crank-Nicholson algorithm 1126
Cretaceous period 1031
Criegee biradical 252-254
Critical saturation 771
Critical size:
cluster 501-502
Cross section, absorption 110
Crotonaldehyde 260
Crutzen, Paul 138
Crystallization relative humidity 460
 1200
Index Term Links

Cumulative size distribution 351

Cumulonimbus clouds 285-286
Cumulus clouds 285
Cuticular resistance 913 919
Cycloalkanes 39
Cyclohexene, reaction with O3 647-648
Cyclone 990
p-Cymene 45
Deforestation 1012
Deliquescence relative humidity 450-460
Denitrification 34 173
Density functional theory 514
Deposition:
acid 954
dry 22
measurement 923-926
velocity 900-901
wet 22
Desert aerosols 379-380
Deviation, geometric standard 364
Dew temperature 777
Diameter:
aerodynamic 429
critical, droplet 771
electrical mobility equivalent 431
median 364
mode 361
number mean 361
Stokes 428
surface area mean 361
surface area median 361
vacuum aerodynamic 431
volume equivalent 426
volume mean 361
volume median 361
 1201
Index Term Links

Dielectric constant 618

Dicarboxylic acids 643
Diffusivity:
binary 401
Brownian 415
eddy 869-870
Dimethyl disulfide 28
Dimethyl sulfide 28 31-32 267-270
concentrations atmospheric 31-32
concentrations seawater 32
regulation of marine aerosol 1086
Dimethyl sulfone 28
Dimethyl sulfoxide 28
Dinitrogen pentoxide 180-185 225
Dispersion parameters, Gaussian 859-867
Distribution, complimentary 1154
Distribution factor, gas/aqueous phase 290
Dobson unit 54
Doldrums 981
Downwelling 998
Drag:
coefficient 406
Droplet mode 373 802
Dust 56 61-62
mineral 61-62
optical properties 695
Earth Radiation Budget Experiment 1084
East Asian aerosol 1075
Eddy 722
accumulation method 924
correlation method 924
diffusivity 833
horizontal 873
vertical 869-872
viscosity 741
 1202
Index Term Links

Eemian interglacial period 1030

Effective covariance method 1141
Efficiency:
absorption 707
mass extinction 707
scattering 1067
Efflorescence relative humidity 460
Einstein relation 418
Ekman layer 991
Ekman spiral 991
Electrical migration velocity 412
Electroneutrality equation 321
Emission factors 62
Emission inventories 62
Empirical Orthogonal Function
models 1139
Energy:
activation 82
bond dissociation 114-115
equation 734
internal 434
Energy balance:
atmospheric 101-103
Entrainment 780
Equatorial low 983
EQUIL 485
Equilibrium:
chemical 440-441
constant 448-449
constrained 496
radiative convective 1039
Error function 363
Ethanol 261
Ethene 39 247-248
Ethers 260
 1203
Index Term Links

Ethyl benzene 254

Ethyl toluene, o-, m-, and p- 254
Ethylene, see Ethene
Euler method 1121
fully implicit 1125
Eutonic point 458
Evaporation coefficient 504-505
Excited species 84
Exosphere 6
Extinction 691
coefficient 108 691
Factor analysis 1146-1150
Faculae 1034
Farman, Joseph 138 169
Federal Test Procedure (FTP) 62
Ferrel Cell 981
FHH isotherm 659
Fick's law 537
Finite difference methods 1118
Finite element methods 1119
Flux:
matching 542
Maxwellian 539
Fog 56 964-965
Force:
electrostatic 411
Forcing radiative 5 1035 1038
adjusted 1036
direct, aerosols 1038
efficacy 1041
efficiency 1070
index 1042-1044
indirect 1036 1038 1054 1078-1086
instantaneous 1036
sulfate aerosols 1069
 1204
Index Term Links

surface 1074
top-of-atmosphere 1074
Formaldehyde 40
aqueous-phase chemistry 338
aqueous-phase equilibrium 304
atmospheric chemistry 221
lifetime 221
photolysis 221
Formic acid:
aqueous-phase chemistry 338-339
aqueous-phase equilibrium 304-305
Free molecule regime 399
coagulation 599-601
mass transfer 541
Free radicals 93
Free troposphere 7
aerosols 376
Freezing point depression 806-807
Friction velocity 743
Fuchs:
theory of transition regime transfer 542-543
Fume 56
Gaussian distribution 853
Gaussian plume equation 854
analytical properties 882-886
derivation 854-859
dispersion parameters 859 862-867
for absorbing surface 854
for reflective surface 854
modification to include dry
deposition 861
Gem-diol, form of formaldehyde 304
General dynamic equation for aerosols:
continuous 612
discrete 610-611
 1205
Index Term Links

Geometric standard deviation 364

Geostrophic layer 987
wind speed 987-989
Gibbs-Duhem equation 438
Gibbs free energy 436
Gibbs-Thompson equation 500
Global warming:
potential 1042-1044
Glyoxal 258
methyl 258
Gorham, Eville 955
Gradient method 925
Gravitational settling of particles 408
Greenfield gap 949
Greenhouse:
effect 1037
gases 1044
Gyre 1000
Hadley cell 981
Hadley, George 981
Half life 76
Halocarbons 47
global warming potential 1044
lifetime 1044
ozone depleting potential 193-194
Halogens 47-52
tropospheric chemistry 270-275
stratospheric chemistry 162-167
Halons 48
Hamaker constant 616
Hartley band 123
Hazardous air pollutants 65-68
Haze 56
HCFCs, see Hydrochlorofluorocarbons
Heat of dissolution 289
 1206
Index Term Links

Henry's law 287-289 445

coefficients for atmospheric gases 288
effective coefficient 293 296
thermodynamic data for coefficients 289
Herzberg continuum 123
HFCs, see Hydrofluorocarbons
HMSA, see Hydroxymethane sulfonic acid
Holecene interglacial epoch 1030
Homogeneous nucleation theory 491-509
Homo sapiens 1031
Hoppel gap 802
Horse latitudes 982
HOx family 156 159 213
Huggins bands 123
Humidity, relative:
definition 13-14
deliquescence 450-460
Hydrocarbons:
atmospheric concentrations 44
biogenic 41
classification 38-39
Hydrochlorofluorocarbons 48-49
global warming potential 1044
lifetime 1044
numbering system 49-50
tropospheric chemistry 272-274
ozone depleting potential 193-194
Hydrofluorocarbons 48
tropospheric chemistry 272-274
Hydrogen chloride (HC1):
heterogeneous reactions 528
role in stratospheric chemistry 167-169 174
Hydrogen cyanide 266
Hydrogen peroxide 231
aqueous-phase equilibrium 302-303
 1207
Index Term Links

oxidation of S(IV) 311-312

Hydrogen sulfide 28
Hydrologic cycle 997-998
Hydroperoxyl radical:
aqueous-phase chemistry 340
aqueous-phase equilibrium 305-306
Hydrosphere 1010
Hydroxymethane sulfonate 28 334-336
Hydroxyl radical
aqueous-phase chemistry 340
concentrations:
troposphere 208
stratosphere 157-158
1
formation by O( D)+H2O 205-207
production from alkene-O3
reaction 253
production in troposphere 205-207 213
Ice:
clouds 805
nuclei 808
Ice Age, Little 1028
Impaction 909
Index, refractive 693
Index notation 733
Indian Ocean Experiment
(INDOEX) 1075
Inferential method 925
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change (IPCC) 1038-1039
Interception 909
Interstitial aerosol 790
Intertropical convergence zone
(ITCZ) 983
Inversion, temperature 721 730
Ionic strength 309
 1208
Index Term Links

Ionosphere 7
Iron:
aqueous-phase concentrations 313
aqueous-phase equilibria 314
catalyzed oxidation of S(IV) 314-315
Irradiance 106
solar 101
spectral 107
Isobaric cooling 777
Isomerization 244-245
Isoprene 43-44
chemistry 262-265
ISORROPIA 485
Jacobian matrix 1124
Jetstreams 983 995
Keeling, Charles 1007
Kelvin effect 461
Kelvin equation 463
Ketones 40 259-260
Kinematic viscosity 743
Kinetic regime, see Free molecule
regime
Knudsen number 396
Kohler curve 771
Koschmeider equation 705
Krypton, residence time 25
K theory 833
Langmuir isotherm 658
Lagrangian:
correlation function 849
Laminar sublayer 908
Langevin equation 413
Lapse rate 6
dry 724
moist 725
 1209
Index Term Links

Lead:
air quality standard 64
Lengthscales 18-19
Letovicite 470
Levy, Hiram 205
Lewis structure 93
Lifetime 22 76-77
organic compounds 262
Lifting condensation level 779
Limonene 45
Liss and Merlivat formula 917
Lithosphere 1010
Little Ice Age 1028
Logarithmic law for wind velocity 745
Lognormal distribution 362-367
moments 1157-1158
plotting 365
properties 366-367
Manganese:
aqueous-phase concentrations 313
catalyzed oxidation of S(IV) 315-316
Marine aerosols 374-375
Markov process 412
MARS 485
Marshall-Palmer distribution 813
Mass action law 531
Mass transfer coefficient 571
Mauna Loa:
CO2 record 1007
Photochemistry Experiment
(MLOPEX) 229
Maunder minimum 1034
Maxwellian flux 539
Mean diameter 361
number 361
 1210
Index Term Links

surface area 361

volume 361
Mean free path 396
air 399
aerosol 420-421
gas in binary mixture 400-402
pure gas 397-398
Meat cooking 641
tracers in organic aerosol 646
Median diameter 361
Medieval warm period 1028
Mesophyllic resistance 913 919
Mesoscale 18
Meterology 6 720
Methacrolein 265
Methane 41-43
adjustment time 1044 1048-1049
atmospheric chemistry 219-224
concentrations ambient 43
global budget 42
global warming potential 1044
lifetime 1044
Methane sulfonic acid 28
Methanol 261
Methoxy radical 220
Methyl bromide 51-52
global budget 52
Methyl butenedial 258
Methyl chloride 50-51
global budget 51
Methyl chloroform 49 208 1021-1022
Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) 40 246 260
Methyl formate 260
Methylene glycol 338
Methyl hydroperoxide 220 312
 1211
Index Term Links

Methyl mercaptan 28
Methyl nitrite 266
Methyl peroxy radical 219
Methyl peroxy nitrate 219
Methyl radical 39
Methyl vinyl ketone 260 265
Microscale 18 720
Mie theory 696
Milankovitch cycles 106
Mineral dust 61-62
Mist 56
Mixed layer 732
Mixing, atmospheric timescales 18
external 1071
internal 1072
Mixing length 741
model 833
Mixing ratio 12
Mobility 418
electrical 412
Mode diameter 361
Model:
box 1096-1101
chemical transport 1102-1115
compartmental 1010 1018
evaluation 1131-1133
inorganic aerosol thermodynamic 484-485
receptor 1136
trajectory 1099
two-film 915
Molality 447
Molarity 447
Molina, Mario 48 138
Molozonide 252
Monin-Obukhov length 746
 1212
Index Term Links

Monoterpenes 45
Moments 360
method of 1157-1159
Montreal Protocol 141
Motion, equation of, particle 408
Myrcene 45
NAPAP 959
Navier-Stokes equations 403
Nesting 1105
Neutral atmospheric stability 721
Nimbus cloud 285
Nitrate
aqueous equilibria 336-337
organic 41
radical 180-181 225 250-251 337
Nitric acid:
aqueous-phase equilibrium 299-301
Nitric oxide:
breakeven concentration 228
Nitrification 34
Nitriles 266
Nitrites 266
Nitrogen:
containing compounds 33
cycle 34
odd 37
reactive 37-38
Nitrogen dioxide:
absorption cross section 132-133
air quality standard 64
lifetime 224
light absorption 131-135
photolysis 131-135
quantum yield for production of NO
and O 132-133
 1213
Index Term Links

Nitrogen oxides 36-37

aqueous equilibria 327 336-337
chemical family 154
concentrations ambient 37
emissions 38
lifetime 224-227
stratospheric chemistry 151-156
Nitrotoluene 257
Nitrous acid 231
Nitrous oxide 35-36
concentrations ambient 35-36 153
global budget 35
lifetime 35-36
role in stratospheric chemistry 151-153
stratospheric concentration 152-153
Nonspherical particles 426
Normal distribution 362
Northern Annular Mode 997
NOx 36
concentrations ambient 37
family 213 224
limited 217 238
saturated 217 238
NOy 37-38
concentrations ambient 37
NOz 239
Nucleation 545-595
near clouds 804
heterogeneous-heteromolecular 489
heterogeneous-homomolecular 489
homogeneous-heteromolecular 489
homogeneous-homomolecular 489
ion-induced 526-529
scavenging 794
Nuclei mode 59
 1214
Index Term Links

Numerical diffusion 1129

Ocean circulation 998-1000
Ocimene 45
Odin, Svante 955
Olefins, see Alkenes
Oligomers 668
Open system 318
Optical:
depth 109 702 1067
thickness (see Optical depth)
Overworld 191
Oxidation state 27-29
Oxygen atom:
excited 84
quantum yield in O3 photolysis 131
singlet 84 116 206
Oxygen:
absorption spectrum 123
isotopes 1028
odd 144
photolysis 115
Ozone 52-55
absorption cross section 123
air quality standard 64
budget 227-228
concentrations:
stratosphere 148-150
troposphere 53-54
depletion potential 194
formation 205-207
hole 169-179
isopleth plot 236
layer 138 147
oxidation of S(IV) 308-310
photolysis 128-131
 1215
Index Term Links

production efficiency 215 238

stratospheric depletion 188-191
PAHs, see Polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons
PAN chemical family 234
Paraffins 38
Particulate matter 22 55-62
air quality standard 64
Pasquill-Gifford curves 864-865
Pasquill stability classes 749-751 864-865
PCBs 68
Pentane 244-245
Perchloroethylene 49
Perhalocarbons 48
Peroxides 41
Peroxyacetic acid:
oxidation of S(IV) 313
Peroxyacetyl nitrate 231-234
Peroxyacetyl radical 232
Peroxyacyl nitrates 231-233
Peroxymonosulfate radical 331
Peroxypropionyl nitrate 231
Persulfate radical 331
pH:
definition 292
of pure rainwater 957
of rainwater 957-959
Phase function, scattering 693
Phellandrene 45
Photochemical smog 56
Photodissociation 116-117
Photolysis:
first-order rate constant 116-117
Photon 114
Photosphere 100
 1216
Index Term Links

Photostationary state (NO, NO2,O3) 210-211

Pinatubo ML 57 185
Pinenes 45
Planck's law 114
Planetary boundary layer 7 742
Pleistocene 1030
Plume:
models, multiple source 876-878
rise 867-868
Point source Gaussian diffusion
formulas 860-861
Polar:
cell 981 984
easterlies 985
front 985
high 984
stratospheric clouds 141 173
vortex 172
Polycyclic aromatic carboxaldehydes 644
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 644 670-675
Potential temperature 726
Power-law distribution 367-368
Precipitation scavenging:
of gases 937-947
of particles 947-953
Predictor-corrector methods 1126
Preexponential factor 79
Pressure:
units 8
Principal Component Analysis 1139
Probability distributions (densities) 831
Propane 245-246
Propene 39 248
Propylene, see Propene
Pseudo-steady state approximation 83-84
 1217
Index Term Links

Puff 846
Quantiles, method of 1157
Quantum yield 113 115
Quasi-laminar:
resistance 909
sublayer 901
Radiance 106
Radiant flux density 106
Radiation 98-101
inversion 731
solar 118-120
Radiative-convective equilibrium 1039
Raindrop size distribution 812-813
Rainout 932
Raoult's law 444
Rayleigh:
atmosphere 697
scattering regime 696-697
Reaction:
order 75
photochemical 75
termolecular 76 85-87
Reduced mass 78
Refractive index 693
Relative humidity 13 452
deliquescence 450-460
efflorescence 460
Relaxation time, particles 408
Reservoir species 141 167-169 231-235
Residence time 22
Resistance:
aerodynamic 906-907
cuticle 913 919
foliar 913
ground 913 919
 1218
Index Term Links

mesophyll 913 919

model for dry deposition 902-906
quasi-laminar resistance 907-911
stomatal 913 919
surface 911-923
water surface 914-918
Return period 1162
Reynolds number 404
Reynolds stresses 739
Riccati-Bessel functions 696
Richardson number:
flux 746
Roughness:
length 744
Rossby, Carl Gustav 984
Rossby waves 984
Rowland, F. Sherwood 48 138
Rural continental aerosols 375-376
Sabinene 45
Saddle point 517
Saturation ratio 490
Scale height:
pressure 9-10
Scattering, light:
efficiency 691
elastic 692
geometric 698-699
inelastic 692
Mie 696
quasi-elastic 692
Rayleigh scattering 696-697
Scavenging:
coefficient 935 941
ratio, number 936
ratio, mass 794
 1219
Index Term Links

Schmidt number 908

Schumann-Runge bands 123
Schumann-Runge continuum 123
Seasalt 384
SEQUILIB 485
Sherwood number 574 938
Ship tracks 1078-1080
S(IV) 296
oxidation by OH radical 328
oxidation by oxides of nitrogen 334
Slender plume approximation 840
Slip correction factor 407
Smith, Robert Angus 954
Smog 56
Smoke 56
Smooth surface 743
SOA yields 664-665
Sodium chloride:
crystallization RH 460
deliquescence RH 451
freezing point depression 808
Kohler curve 771
Sodium nitrate:
deliquescence RH 454
Sodium sulfate:
deliquescence RH 451
Soil composition 380
Solar:
backscattered ultraviolet 169
constant 102
radiatio 118-120
variability 1032-1035
spectral actinic flux 122
variability 1032-1035
Solubility, of salts in water 453
 1220
Index Term Links

Solute effect 770

Solution:
electrolytes 448
ideal 444
non ideal 446-447
Soot 56 60 628
Southern Annular Mode 997
Southern California Air Quality
Study (SCAQS) 44
Spectrum:
electromagnetic 98-99
solar 101
Speed, molecular mean 78
Splitting methods 1116
Stability, atmospheric 721
Standards, air quality 64
State Implementation Plan (SIP) 64
Statistics, order 1160
Steady state 23
Stefan flow 540
Steranes 645
Sterols 644
Stiff ordinary differential equations 1123
Stoichiometric coefficient 441
Stokes-Einstein-Sutherland relation 416
Stokes' law 405
Stokes number 425
Stomatal resistance 913 919
Stop distance, aerosols 425
Stratocumulus clouds 285
Stratopause 7
Stratosphere 6
temperature and pressure 142
transport 191-193
Stratus clouds 285
 1221
Index Term Links

Subpolar low 985

Subsidence 732
Subtropical high 982
Susceptibility of cloud albedo 1083
Sulfate:
atmospheric residence times 1003-1007
ion 28
radiative forcing 1069
Sulfite ion 28
Sulfur:
compounds 27-33
emissions 30
global cycle 1003-1007
oxidation states 28
residence times 1003-1007
Sulfur dioxide 28 33
air quality standard 64
aqueous-phase equilibrium 294-297
aqueous-phase oxidation 308-318 334-336
atmospheric concentrations 33
lifetime 1003-1007
reaction with OH 267
Sulfuric acid 28
aqueous solution properties 464-468
binary nucleation in the H2O-H2SO4
system 520-524
hydrates 520
saturation vapor pressure 467 522
Summation convention 733
Sun 100
Sunspots 1032-1033
Superadiabatic atmosphere 729
Surf zone 192
Surface layer 742
Surface layer resistance 906-907
 1222
Index Term Links

Surface tension:
of selected compounds 464 502
water 762
Susceptibility 1083
Synoptic scale 18
Teleconnections 1041
Temperature:
dew 777
global, record 1028-1032
mean atmospheric 12
potential 726
Terrain-following coordinates 1103
Terpinene 45
Terpinoids 46
Terpinolene 45
Thermal manganese oxidation 675
Thermal optical reflectance 675-676
Thermal wind relation 993-994
Thermohaline circulation 998
Thermosphere 6
Time, characteristic:
to achieve interfacial phase
equilibrium 551-553
of aqueous dissociation reactions 554-556
of aqueous-phase diffusion in droplet 556-557
of aqueous-phase reaction 558
flushing 1097
for coagulation 607
of gas-phase diffusion 549-551
relaxation of particles 408
Toluene 40 255-256
Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer 169
Toxic substances 65-68
Trace gases 2
Tracer compounds, organic aerosols 646
 1223
Index Term Links

Trade winds 983

Transition probability density 831
Transition regime 542-546
coagulation 600
mass transfer 542-546
Transition state theory 80-81
Transmittance 109
Trimethylbenzenes 254
Triterpanes, pentacyclic 645
Troe theory 87
Tropical pipe 192
Tropical Tropopause Layer 192
Tropopause 6
Troposphere 6
mixing times 14
stratosphere transport 191-192
Troposphere-Stratosphere transition 230
Turbulent flow 736
Unrealized warming 1045
Upper Troposphere/Lower Stratosphere 192
Updraft velocity 790
Upscatter fraction 1057 1064
Uptake coefficient 91 572
Upwind algorithm 1128
Urban aerosols 370-374
Vapor pressures:
SOA compounds 668
van der Waals forces 616
van't Hoff equation 289
Vegetation, organic compounds
emitted by 45
Velocity:
drift 417
electrical migration 412
friction 743
 1224
Index Term Links

molecular 397-398
terminal settling 408
updraft 790
Visibility 703-707
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) 43
Volcanoes 1070-1071
effect on stratospheric chemistry 185-188
von Karman constant 744
Vostok ice core 1007-1008
Waiting time 1162
Wanninkhof formula 917
Washout 932
ratio 937
Water:
chemical potential in aerosols 452
droplet equilibrium 765-770
heavy 1028
homogeneous nucleation rate 509
refractive index 694
saturation vapor pressure 765
triple point 806
Water vapor:
absorption spectrum of 118
concentration expressions 13-14
concentration 285
saturation mixing ratio 15
Wavenumber 98
Weibull distribution 1154-1156
moments 1159
Weinstock, Bernard 204
West Antarctic ice sheet 5
Westerly wind belts 983
Wet deposition velocity 937
Windspeed:
empirical formulas 869
 1225
Index Term Links

Xylene, o-, m-, and p- 40

Zeldovich nonequilibrium factor 519
Zenith angle, solar 110
ZSR relation 476