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on to any third person or firm not authorised by us, nor be copied/made use of in full or part by such person or firm without

4-Feb-11 A Issued For Approval STA AB/DA GASM

DATE REV. NO. DESCRIPTION Designed Checked Approved
REVISIONS

LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED

ECC Division - EDRC

CLIENT : CONSULTANT :

M/s NLC Tamil Nadu Power Ltd MECON LIMITED, BANGALORE

our prior permission writing

PROJECT :
2 X 500 MW Tuticorin Thermal Power Project
SUPPLIER / CONTRACTOR:
Not applicable
JOB No. O10038-C-SY
TOTAL NO. OF PAGES TITLE :
NAME SIGN DATE 400/220 kV GIS SWITCHYARD
DSGN STA 4-Feb-11
CHKD AB/DA 4-Feb-11 Design of Foundation for Lighting Mast -LM
APPD GASM 4-Feb-11
CODE REV.
DOC. No. O 1 0 0 3 8 - C - I S - S Y - D C - 0 0 5 3
A
RELEASED FOR PRELIMINARY TENDER INFORMATION P APPROVAL CONSTRUCTION
 LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED
ECC Division - EDRC

PROJECT: DOCUMENT NO DATE

2 X 500 MW Tuticorin Thermal Power Project O10038-C-IS-SY-DC-0053 4-Feb-11

DESIGNED CHECKED SHEET

Design of Foundation for Lighting Mast -LM
TITLE: STA AB/DA OF

CONTENTS

1 Foundation sketch for Tower- LM

2 Support reactions from Tower LM

3 Load calculation for Pile Cap

4 Pile Capacity Check & Pile Cap Design

5 Pedestal Design
 Tower - LM
Maximum Loads from STAAD- Support reactions at PL
Moment-X Moment-Y Moment-Z
Node L/C Force-X kg Force-Y kg Force-Z kg kg-m kg-m kg-m
Normal Condition
1 101 -818 -14090.74 -1713.82 0 0 0
102 -2422.65 -27005.03 -2254.24 0 0 0
2 101 818.7 -14090.74 -1713.82 0 0 0
102 -1040.37 4326.24 -582.93 0 0 0
3 101 -1332.19 22677.65 -2154.38 0 0 0
102 -2695.11 35526.37 -2863.53 0 0 0
4 101 1332.19 22677.65 -2154.38 0 0 0
102 -419.34 4326.24 -876.76 0 0 0

1332.19 35526.37 -582.93

-2695.11 -27005.03 -2863.53
 Foundation Loads at PL from STAAD output
Tower main leg C/C at P.L. : Z-dir. = 4.1138
Tower main leg C/C at P.L. : X-dir. = 4.1138
Sl. Description Normal
no. Wind in Wind in
z-dir. 45 deg z-dir.
LC : 101 LC : 102

1 Horizontal shear : z-direction kg 7736.41 6577.47

2 Horizontal shear : x-direction kg 0.00 6577.47

3 Longitudinal moment : z-dir. kg 151265.14 128627.08

z-dir. loads * resp. ht
4 Transverse moment : x-dir. kg 0.00 128627.08
x-dir. loads * resp. ht
5 Vertical load kg 17173.83 17173.83

Compressive Load per leg kg = 22679 35561

Tensile Load per leg kg = 14092 26974
Shear in X-dir per leg kg = 0 1644.3675
Shear in Z-dir per leg kg = 1934.1025 1644.3675
Resultant Shear per leg kg = 1934 2325

Maximum Loads from Tower Support reactions From STAAD

Extraction of Maximum Loads at PL

Sl. Description Normal Normal

no. Wind in Wind in Wind in Wind in
z-dir. 45 deg z-dir. z-dir. 45 deg z-dir.
LC 101 LC 102

Max. Compressive Load per leg kg = 22679 35561 22678 35526

Max. Tensile Load per leg kg = 14092 26974 14091 27005
Shear in X-dir per leg kg = 0 1644 1332 2695
Shear in Z-dir per leg kg = 1934 1644 2154 2864
Resultant Shear per leg kg = 1934 2325 2533 3932
 LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED
ECC Division - EDRC

PROJECT: DOCUMENT NO DATE

2 X 500 MW Tuticorin Thermal Power Project
O10038-C-IS-SY-DC-0053 4-Feb-11
DESIGNED CHECKED SHEET
TITLE: Design of Foundation for Lighting Mast -LM STA AB/DA

A Pile Stiffness Calculation:

Pile Concrete Grade fck = 25 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity of concrete E = 5000 fck
= 25000 N/mm2
Dia of Pile = 550 mm
Area of Pile A = 237583 mm2
Pile Length (Below Cut off level) L = 6 m (Approx.)

Pile Stiffness = EA/L

= 25000 x 237583
6000

= 989929 N/mm

= ### kg/m

B LOAD CALCULATION

Dry Unit weight of Concrete = 2500 kg/m3

Submerged Unit weight of Concrete = 1500 kg/m3

Dry Unit weight of Soil = 1800 kg/m3

Submerged Unit weight of Soil = 1000 kg/m3

FGL 0.855

1 SUBMERGED CONDITION
1.495 2.595
Size of Base plate = 0.35 x 0.35 x 0.025 m
Size of pedestal = 0.6 x 0.6 x 2.35 m
Size of Pile Cap = 2.5 x 0.9 x 1.1 m 1.1
Size of Tie Beam = 0.45 x 0.45 m

Height of Plinth above FGL = 0.855 m

Depth of Pedestal below FGL = 1.495 m
1.65 2.5

Self weight of Pedestal = (0.6x0.6x0.855x2500) + (0.6x0.6x1.495x1500)

= 1577 kg

0.9
 LARSEN & TOUBRO LIMITED
ECC Division - EDRC

PROJECT: DOCUMENT NO DATE

2 X 500 MW Tuticorin Thermal Power Project
O10038-C-IS-SY-DC-0053 4-Feb-11
DESIGNED CHECKED SHEET
TITLE: Design of Foundation for Lighting Mast -LM STA AB/DA

Self weight of Pile cap = (2.5x0.9x1.1x1500)

= 3713 kg

Weight of Soil on Pile cap = {(2.5x0.9) -(0.6x0.6)} x {(1.495x1000)}

= 2826 kg

Total load = 8116 kg as Node load

Self weight of Beam + = (0.45x0.45x 1500) ) + (0.45x1.495x1000)

Weight of Soil on Beam = 976.50 kg/m

2 DRY CONDITION

Self weight of Pedestal = (0.6x0.6x0.855x2500) + (0.6x0.6x1.495x2500)

= 2115 kg

Selg weight of Pile cap = (2.5x0.9x1.1x2500)

= 6188 kg

Weight of Soil on Pile cap = {(2.5x0.9) -(0.6x0.6)} x {(1.495x1800)}

= 5086 kg

Total load = 13389 kg as Node load

Self weight of Beam + = (0.45x0.45x 2500) ) + (0.45x1.495x1800)

Weight of Soil on Beam = 1717.2 kg/m
 2 X 500 MW Tuticorin Thermal Power Project
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF FOUNDATION FOR LIGHTING MAST 'LM'

Data: Case 1: Wind in Z-direction (Check for Wet Condition)

1 Safe Bearing Capacity of the Pile (550 f, Bored Cast in - situ), in Compression = 70 T
Safe Bearing Capacity of the Pile (550 f, Bored Cast in - situ), in Tension = 20 T
Allowable Shear at Pile cut off level 3.25 T

2 Diameter of the Pile, Dp : 550 mm

3 Dry Unit Weight of Soil, gs : 1800 Kg / m3

Submerged Unit Weight of Soil, gs (for Design purpose) 1000 Kg / m4

Dry Unit Weight of Concrete, gc 2500 Kg / m2

Submerged Unit Weight of Concrete, gc (for Design purpose) : 1500 Kg / m3

4 Grade of Concrete : M 35

5 Grade of Reinforcing Steel : Fe 500

6 Base Width of Tower (B / B) : 4.20 m x 4.20

m
7 Height of Top of Pedestal above GL, htp : 0.855 m

8 Size of the Angle provided : L 150 x 150 x 16

CG of this angle : 4.31 cm

9 \Center to Center Dist. Betn. Legs, Cd : 4113.8 mm

Center to Center Dist. Betn. Legs in transverse direction, Cdz : 4113.8 mm

10 Depth of bottom of Pile Cap below GL : 2.670 m

11 F.O.S. for Normal Condition : 1.500

 Case 1: Wind in Z-direction

12 Foundation Forces: Load Case 101

Note:The Foundation Forces as computed by STAAD are given in the Appendix.

Compression: : 22.678 T

Tension: : 14.091 T

Fx: : 1.332 T

Fz: : 2.154 T
(i) Calculation of No. of Piles required:

1 Length of the Pile Cap, Lr : 2.500 m

2 Breadth of Pile Cap, Br : 0.900 m

3 Thickness of Pile Cap, tr : 1.10 m

4 Top Level of Pile Cap wrt GL, Df = ( 2.67-1.1 ) : 1.570 m

5 \Thickness of Soil, ts = Df : 1.570 m

6 Length of the Pedestal, Lp : 0.60 m

7 Breadth of Pedestal, Bp : 0.60 m

8 Height of Pedstal, tp = (Df +htp) = ( 1.57 + 0.855 ) : 2.425 m

9 Spacing of Piles considered, Sp : 1.650 m

(Minimum spacing = 3 x d = 1.65m)

10 Length of Tie Beam in X- dir = 4.1138 - 2.5 : 1.6138 m

Length of Tie Beam in Z- dir = 4.1138 - 0.9 3.2138 m

11 Breadth of Tie Beam : 0.45 m

12 Thickness of Tie Beam : 0.45 m

a. Vertical Loads (Compressive)
(i) Weight of Pile Cap = Lr x Br x tr x gc = 2.5 x 0.9 x 1.1 x 1500 / 1000 : 3.71 T

(ii) Weight of Soil = = ( 2.5 x 0.9 - 0.6 x 0.6 ) x 1.57 x 1000 / 1000 : 2.97 T
(Lr x Br - Lp x Bp) x ts x gs

(iii) Weight of Pedestal = (0.6 x 0.6 x 1.57 x 1500 / 1000 ) + : 1.62 T

(0.6 x 0.6 x 0.855 x 2500 /1000 )
(Lp x Bp x tp x gc)

(iv) Vertical Load from the Tower Leg (Compn) : 22.68 T

Total Vertical Load (compression), Pc 31.00 T

b. Vertical Loads (Tensile)

(i) Weight of Pile Cap : 3.71 T

(ii) Weight of Soil = : 2.97 T

(iii) Weight of Pedestal : 1.62 T

(iv) Vertical Load from the Tower Leg (Tens) : -14.09 T

Total Vertical Load (Tension), Pt -5.79 T

Cosnider 2 Nos of Piles per pile cap i.e. for each Leg (n)

Moment Calculation at the Bottom of the Foundation:

Fx : 1.332 T

Fz : 2.154 T

Lever arm, La = 1.57 + 1.1 + 0.855-0.075 : 3.450 m

(Df +tr + htp)

 Moment Mz due to Fx (X- Dirn. Moment) (=Fx * La) = 1.33219 x 3.45 : 4.596 Tm

Moment Mx due to Fz, (Z - Drin. Moment )Mx = (Fz x La) = 2.15438 x 3.45 : 7.433 Tm

Maximum Compression / Tension in the Piles:

Max. Comp. in Pile: P = Mx / Sp + Pc / n = (7.433 / 1.65) + (31 / 2) : 20.00 T < 70 T O.K.

Max. Tension Pile: P = Mx / Sp + Pt / n = (7.433/1.65) + (5.79/ 2) : 7.40 T < 20 T O.K.

Shear Check at top of pedestal level

Length of Fixcity of pile (Lf)
(As per Approved Doc No. O10038-C-IS-SY-DC-0141) : 6.25 m

Allowable shear at top of pedestal per pile = (3.25 x 6.25 )/ (6.25 + 3.525 ) : 2.08 T

Actual Shear per pile ( Z shear per pedestal / No. of pile) = 2.15438/ 2 : 1.08 T < 2.08 T O.K.

ii) Design of Pile Cap:

a. Bending Moment at the face of the Pedestal (due to Pile Reaction): =20 x (1.65 - 0.6) / 2 10.500 Tm

b. Weight of Pile cap on one side of pedestal =( (2.5- 0.6) / 2 ) x 0.9 x 1.1 x 1500 1.410 T

Distance from CG of pile cap on one side to face of pedestal = ( (2.5- 0.6) / 2 ) / 2 0.475 m

Bending Moment at the face of the Pedestal (due toWt of Pile cap): = 1.41 x 0.475 0.670 Tm

c. Bending Moment at the face of the Pedestal (due to Soil Wt.): 0.638 Tm
\ Net BM = =10.5 - 0.67 - 0.638 9.192 Tm
Provide overall thickness of 1100 mm
Clear cover to reinforcement = 50 mm
Effective Depth, d = = 1040 mm
Mu 9.192 x 1.5 x 9.807 x 10^ 6
= = 0.139 N / mm2
bd 2
900 x 1040^2
From SP 16, pt = 0.032 %
 Minimum percentage of steel = 0.2 %
\ Ast reqd = 1872.00 mm2
a. Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 20 Tor @ 150 mm c/c Main Reinf. at bottom
Ast provided = 1885 mm2 > 1872.000 mm2
Hence Safe
Percentage of steel provided = 0.201 %
Provide 16 Tor @ 150 mm c/c distribution Reinf. at bottom
b. Top Reinforcement
Provide Minimum reinforcement of 0.12 %
Ast reqd = 1123.20 mm2
Provide 16 Tor @ 150 mm c/c Main Reinf. at Top
Ast provided = 1207 mm2 > 1123.200 mm2
Hence Safe
Provide 16 Tor @ 150 mm c/c distribution Reinf. at Top
c. Horizontal Reinforcement

Ast required (20% of max Ast provided) = 20 /100 * 1885 = 377.0 mm2
Provide 12 Tor @ 200 mm c/c Side Face Reinforcement
Ast provided = 509 mm2 > 377.0 mm2
Hence Safe

CHECK FOR ONE WAY SHEAR - Cl - 34.2.4.1a - IS 456-2000)

One way shear to be checked at distance d/2 from face of the column.

Effective depth of the footing d = 1040 mm

a i) Distance from centre of column to centre of pile = 825 mm
ii) Column size bc = 600 mm
Dc = 600 mm
Distance from centre of column to inner Edge of pile = 550 mm
Sum of effective depth 'd/2' and 0.5 times column size = 820 <
Shear check is required to be done in line with Cl 34.2 .4.2, IS 456-2000

Factored Shear=1.5*W=1.5*Max. Pile load x No. of Piles per side= = 1.5 x 20 x 1 = 300 kN

% of Shear developed = = ( 820 - 550-550 ) / 550 = 50.91

% of Shear = 50.91 %

Factored Shear @ 820mm from column centre = 0.51 x 300 = 152.73 kN

Nominal Shear Stress (ζv=Vu/bd) = 0.163 N/sqmm

% of Reinforcement steel provided = 0.201 %

Design Shear Strength of Concrete (Tc) as per Table - 19, IS:456 for concrete Grade M35 = 0.331 N/sqmm

Hence Safe

CHECK FOR PUNCHING SHEAR ( 2 - WAY SHEAR) - CL - 31.6.2 - IS 456 -2000

Total compressive load on pedestal (from Tower + wt. of pedestal) = 226.78 + 16.2

= 242.95 kN
Perimeter length [ 2 x (Column size + d/2 + d/2) on one side] 1800 mm
Shear area = Perimeter x depth = 1.87 m²
Nominal shear stress, ζv = 1.5 X Vu / shear area = 0.195 N/mm²

> ζv No Shear
1.479
Reinforcement is
Permissible shear stress, k.ζc ( 0.25 x sqrt(fck) ) = required

Maximum Shear stress allowed = 1.5 * ζc for the footing (cl.[Link]) = 2.219 > ζv Hence safe
 PRELIMINARY DESIGN FOR APPROVAL 04.08.2015 CPK AGB NVP
DESCRIPTION DATE PPD BY CHK BY APD BY
TITLE 400 Kv gis - Layout &RC details of Pile cap PC2
DRAWING NO. B544-C-IS-SY-NR-0034
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF FOUNDATION

Data:

1 Safe Bearing Capacity of the Pile (500 f, Bored Cast in - situ), in Compression = 70 T
Safe Bearing Capacity of the Pile (500 f, Bored Cast in - situ), in Tension = 50 T
Allowable Shear at Pile cut off level 22 T

2 Diameter of the Pile, Dp : 500 mm

3 Dry Unit Weight of Soil, gs : 1800 Kg / m3

Submerged Unit Weight of Soil, gs (for Design purpose) 1000 Kg / m4
Dry Unit Weight of Concrete, gc 2500 Kg / m2
Submerged Unit Weight of Concrete, gc (for Design purpose) : 1500 Kg / m3

4 Grade of Concrete : M 30

5 Grade of Reinforcing Steel : Fe 415

9 Spacing of Piles considered, Sp 1.500

(Minimum spacing = 3 x d = 1.65m)

10 Depth of bottom of Pile Cap below GL : 3.300 m

11 F.O.S. for Normal Condition : 1.500

12 Width of column 0.400 m

13 Length of column 0.800 m

1 Length of the Pile Cap, Lr : 3m

2 Breadth of Pile Cap, Br : 1m

3 Thickness of Pile Cap, tr : 1.3 m

4 Top Level of Pile Cap wrt GL, Df = ( 3.3-1.3 ) : 2m

5 \Thickness of Soil, ts = Df : 2m
a. Vertical Loads (Compressive)
(i) Weight of Pile Cap = Lr x Br x tr x gc = 3 x 1 x 1.3 x 2500 / 1000 : 9.75 T

(ii) Weight of Soil = : 5.36 T

(Lr x Br - Lp x Bp) x ts x gs

(iv) Vertical Load (Compn) : 68.30 T

Fx 0.71 T

Fz 0.60 T

Mx 0.41 Tm

Mz -0.05 Tm

Total Vertical Load (compression), Pc 83.00 T

Cosnider 2 Nos of Piles per pile cap i.e. for each Leg (n)

Moment Calculation at the Bottom of the Foundation:

Lever arm 1.300 m

Moment Mz due to Fx (X- Dirn. Moment) (=Fx * La) : 0.923 Tm

Moment Mx due to Fz, (Z - Drin. Moment )Mx = (Fz x La) : 0.780 Tm

 PRELIMINARY DESIGN FOR APPROVAL 04.08.2015 CPK AGB NVP

DESCRIPTION DATE PPD BY CHK BY APD BY

TITLE 400 Kv gis - Layout &RC details of Pile cap PC2

DRAWING NO. B544-C-IS-SY-NR-0034

Final moment Mz : 0.873 Tm

Final moment Mx : 1.190 Tm

Maximum Compression / Tension in the Piles:

Max. Comp. in Pile: P = Mx / Sp + Pc / n : 42.29 T < 70 T O.K.

Shear Check at top of pedestal level

Length of Fixcity of pile (Lf)
(As per Approved Doc No. O10038-C-IS-SY-DC-0141) : 6.00 m

Allowable shear at top of pedestal per pile : 14.19 T

Actual Shear per pile ( Z shear per pedestal / No. of pile) : 0.36 T < 14.19 T O.K.

ii) Design of Pile Cap:

a. Bending Moment at the face of the Pedestal (due to Pile Reaction): 46.519 Tm
b. Weight of Pile cap on one side of pedestal 2.150 T
Distance from CG of pile cap on one side to face of pedestal 0.550 m
Bending Moment at the face of the Pedestal (due toWt of Pile cap): = 2.15 x 0.55 1.180 Tm
c. Bending Moment at the face of the Pedestal (due to Soil Wt.): 1.210 Tm
\ Net BM = =46.519 - 1.18 - 1.21 44.129 Tm
Provide overall thickness of 1300 mm
Clear cover to reinforcement = 50 mm
Effective Depth, d = = 1240 mm
Mu = 44.129 x 1.5 x 9.807 x 10^ 6 = 0.422 N / mm2
bd2 1000 x 1240^2
From SP 16, pt = 0.119 %
Minimum percentage of steel = 0.12 %
\ Ast reqd = 1488.00 mm2
a. Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 20 Tor @ 100 mm c/c Main Reinf. at bottom
Ast provid . 3142 mm2 > 1488.000 mm2
Hence Safe
Percentage of steel provided = 0.253 %
Provide 16 Tor @ 250 mm c/c distribution Reinf. at bottom
b. Top Reinforcement
Provide Minimum reinforcement o 0.12 %
Ast reqd = 1488.00 mm2
Provide 16 Tor @ 125 mm c/c Main Reinf. at Top
Ast provided = 1609 mm2 > 1488.000 mm2
Hence Safe
Provide 16 Tor @ 250 mm c/c distribution Reinf. at Top
c. Horizontal Reinforcement
Ast required (20% of max Ast provided) = 20 /100 * 3142 = 628.4 mm2
Provide 12 Tor @ 175 mm c/c Side Face Reinforcement
Ast provided = 647 mm2 > 628.4 mm2
Hence Safe

CHECK FOR ONE WAY SHEAR - Cl - 34.2.4.1a - IS 456-2000)

One way shear to be checked at distance d/2 from face of the column.
Effective depth of the footing d = 1240 mm
a i) Distance from centre of column to centre of pile = 750 mm
 PRELIMINARY DESIGN FOR APPROVAL 04.08.2015 CPK AGB NVP
DESCRIPTION DATE PPD BY CHK BY APD BY
TITLE 400 Kv gis - Layout &RC details of Pile cap PC2
DRAWING NO. B544-C-IS-SY-NR-0034

ii) Column size bc = 800 mm

Dc = 400 mm
Distance from centre of column to inner Edge of pile = 500 mm
Sum of effective depth 'd/2' and 0.5 times column size = 820
Shear check is required to be done in line with Cl 34.2 .4.2, IS 456-2000
Factored Shear=1.5*W=1.5*Max. Pile load x No. of Piles per side= = 1.5 x 42.29 x 1 = 622.08484 kN
% of Shear developed = = ( 820 - 500-500 ) / 500 = 36.00
% of Shear = 36.00 %
Factored Shear @ 820mm from column centre = 0.36 x 622.08484275 = 223.95 kN
Nominal Shear Stress (ζv=Vu/bd) = 0.181 N/sqmm
% of Reinforcement steel provided = 0.253 %
Design Shear Strength of Concrete (Tc) as per Table - 19, IS:456 for concrete Grade M25 = 0.372 N/sqmm

Hence Safe

CHECK FOR PUNCHING SHEAR ( 2 - WAY SHEAR) - CL - 31.6.2 - IS 456 -2000

Total compressive load on pedestal = 683.00
= 683.00 kN
Perimeter length [ 2 x (Column size + d/2 + d/2) on one side] 7360 mm
Shear area = Perimeter x depth = 9.13 m²
Nominal shear stress, ζv = 1.5 X Vu / shear area = 0.112 N/mm²
> ζv No Shear
Reinforcement is
Permissible shear stress, k.ζc 1.369
( 0.25 x sqrt(fck) ) = required
Maximum Shear stress allowed = 1.5 * ζc for the footing (cl.[Link]) = 2.054 > ζv Hence safe
 2 X 500 MW Tuticorin Thermal Power Project
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF FOUNDATION FOR LIGHTING MAST 'LM'

Data: Case 2: Wind 45deg in Z-direction (Check for Wet Condition)

1 Safe Bearing Capacity of the Pile (550 f, Bored Cast in - situ), in Compression = 70 T
Safe Bearing Capacity of the Pile (550 f, Bored Cast in - situ), in Tension = 20 T
Allowable Shear at Pile cut off level 3.25 T

2 Diameter of the Pile, Dp : 550 mm

3 Dry Unit Weight of Soil, gs : 1800 Kg / m3

Submerged Unit Weight of Soil, gs (for Design purpose) 1000 Kg / m4

Dry Unit Weight of Concrete, gc 2500 Kg / m2

Submerged Unit Weight of Concrete, gc (for Design purpose) : 1500 Kg / m3

4 Grade of Concrete : M 35

5 Grade of Reinforcing Steel : Fe 500

6 Base Width of Tower (B / B) : 4.20 m x 4.20

m
7 Height of Top of Pedestal above GL, htp : 0.855 m

8 Size of the Angle provided : L 150 x 150 x 16

CG of this angle : 4.31 cm

9 \Center to Center Dist. Betn. Legs, Cd : 4113.8 mm

Center to Center Dist. Betn. Legs in transverse direction, Cdz : 4113.8 mm

10 Depth of bottom of Pile Cap below GL : 2.670 m

11 F.O.S. for Normal Condition : 1.500

 Case 1: Wind in Z-direction

12 Foundation Forces: Load Case 102

Note:The Foundation Forces as computed by STAAD are given in the Appendix.

Compression: : 35.526 T

Tension: : 27.005 T

Fx: : 2.695 T

Fz: : 2.864 T
(i) Calculation of No. of Piles required:

1 Length of the Pile Cap, Lr : 2.500 m

2 Breadth of Pile Cap, Br : 0.900 m

3 Thickness of Pile Cap, tr : 1.10 m

4 Top Level of Pile Cap wrt GL, Df = ( 2.67-1.1 ) : 1.570 m

5 \Thickness of Soil, ts = Df : 1.570 m

6 Length of the Pedestal, Lp : 0.60 m

7 Breadth of Pedestal, Bp : 0.60 m

8 Height of Pedstal, tp = (Df +htp) = ( 1.57 + 0.855 ) : 2.425 m

9 Spacing of Piles considered, Sp : 1.650 m

(Minimum spacing = 3 x d = 1.65m)

10 Length of Tie Beam in X- dir = 4.1138 - 2.5 : 1.6138 m

Length of Tie Beam in Z- dir = 4.1138 - 0.9 3.2138 m

11 Breadth of Tie Beam : 0.45 m

12 Thickness of Tie Beam : 0.45 m

a. Vertical Loads (Compressive)
(i) Weight of Pile Cap = Lr x Br x tr x gc = 2.5 x 0.9 x 1.1 x 1500 / 1000 : 3.71 T

(ii) Weight of Soil = = ( 2.5 x 0.9 - 0.6 x 0.6 ) x 1.57 x 1000 / 1000 : 2.97 T
(Lr x Br - Lp x Bp) x ts x gs

(iii) Weight of Pedestal = (0.6 x 0.6 x 1.57 x 1500 / 1000 ) + : 1.62 T

(0.6 x 0.6 x 0.855 x 2500 /1000 )
(Lp x Bp x tp x gc)

(iv) Vertical Load from the Tower Leg (Compn) : 35.53 T

Total Vertical Load (compression), Pc 44.00 T

b. Vertical Loads (Tensile)

(i) Weight of Pile Cap : 3.71 T

(ii) Weight of Soil = : 2.97 T

(iii) Weight of Pedestal : 1.62 T

(iv) Vertical Load from the Tower Leg (Tens) : -27.01 T

Total Vertical Load (Tension), Pt -18.71 T

Cosnider 2 Nos of Piles per pile cap i.e. for each Leg (n)

Moment Calculation at the Bottom of the Foundation:

Fx : 2.695 T

Fz : 2.864 T

Lever arm, La = 1.57 + 1.1 + 0.855-0.075 : 3.450 m

(Df +tr + htp)

 Moment Mz due to Fx (X- Dirn. Moment) (=Fx * La) = 2.69511 x 3.45 : 9.298 Tm

Moment Mx due to Fz, (Z - Drin. Moment )Mx = (Fz x La) = 2.86353 x 3.45 : 9.879 Tm

Maximum Compression / Tension in the Piles:

Max. Comp. in Pile: P = Mx / Sp + Pc / n = (9.879 / 1.65) + (44 / 2) : 27.99 T < 70 T O.K.

Max. Tension Pile: P = Mx / Sp + Pt / n = (9.879/1.65) + (18.71/ 2) : 15.34 T < 20 T O.K.

Shear Check at top of pedestal level

Length of Fixcity of pile (Lf)
(As per Approved Doc No. O10038-C-IS-SY-DC-0141) : 6.25 m

Allowable shear at top of pedestal per pile = (3.25 x 6.25 )/ (6.25 + 3.525 ) : 2.08 T

Actual Shear per pile ( Z shear per pedestal / No. of pile) = 2.86353/ 2 : 1.43 T < 2.08 T O.K.

ii) Design of Pile Cap:

a. Bending Moment at the face of the Pedestal (due to Pile Reaction): =27.99 x (1.65 - 0.6) / 2 14.695 Tm

b. Weight of Pile cap on one side of pedestal =( (2.5- 0.6) / 2 ) x 0.9 x 1.1 x 1500 1.410 T

Distance from CG of pile cap on one side to face of pedestal = ( (2.5- 0.6) / 2 ) / 2 0.475 m

Bending Moment at the face of the Pedestal (due toWt of Pile cap): = 1.41 x 0.475 0.670 Tm

c. Bending Moment at the face of the Pedestal (due to Soil Wt.): 0.638 Tm
\ Net BM = =14.695 - 0.67 - 0.638 13.387 Tm
Provide overall thickness of 1100 mm
Clear cover to reinforcement = 50 mm
Effective Depth, d = = 1040 mm
Mu 13.387 x 1.5 x 9.807 x 10^ 6
= = 0.202 N / mm2
bd 2
900 x 1040^2
From SP 16, pt = 0.047 %
 Minimum percentage of steel = 0.2 %
\ Ast reqd = 1872.00 mm2
a. Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 20 Tor @ 150 mm c/c Main Reinf. at bottom
Ast provided = 1885 mm2 > 1872.000 mm2
Hence Safe
Percentage of steel provided = 0.201 %
Provide 16 Tor @ 150 mm c/c distribution Reinf. at bottom
b. Top Reinforcement
Provide Minimum reinforcement of 0.12 %
Ast reqd = 1123.20 mm2
Provide 16 Tor @ 150 mm c/c Main Reinf. at Top
Ast provided = 1207 mm2 > 1123.200 mm2
Hence Safe
Provide 16 Tor @ 150 mm c/c distribution Reinf. at Top
c. Horizontal Reinforcement

Ast required (20% of max Ast provided) = 20 /100 * 1885 = 377.0 mm2
Provide 12 Tor @ 200 mm c/c Side Face Reinforcement
Ast provided = 509 mm2 > 377.0 mm2
Hence Safe

CHECK FOR ONE WAY SHEAR - Cl - 34.2.4.1a - IS 456-2000)

One way shear to be checked at distance d/2 from face of the column.

Effective depth of the footing d = 1040 mm

a i) Distance from centre of column to centre of pile = 825 mm
ii) Column size bc = 600 mm
Dc = 600 mm
Distance from centre of column to inner Edge of pile = 550 mm
Sum of effective depth 'd/2' and 0.5 times column size = 820 <
Shear check is required to be done in line with Cl 34.2 .4.2, IS 456-2000

Factored Shear=1.5*W=1.5*Max. Pile load x No. of Piles per side= = 1.5 x 27.99 x 1 = 419.85 kN

% of Shear developed = = ( 820 - 550-550 ) / 550 = 50.91

% of Shear = 50.91 %

Factored Shear @ 820mm from column centre = 0.51 x 419.85 = 213.74 kN

Nominal Shear Stress (ζv=Vu/bd) = 0.228 N/sqmm

% of Reinforcement steel provided = 0.201 %

Design Shear Strength of Concrete (Tc) as per Table - 19, IS:456 for concrete Grade M35 = 0.331 N/sqmm

Hence Safe

CHECK FOR PUNCHING SHEAR ( 2 - WAY SHEAR) - CL - 31.6.2 - IS 456 -2000

Total compressive load on pedestal (from Tower + wt. of pedestal) = 355.26 + 16.2

= 371.44 kN
Perimeter length [ 2 x (Column size + d/2 + d/2) on one side] 1800 mm
Shear area = Perimeter x depth = 1.87 m²
Nominal shear stress, ζv = 1.5 X Vu / shear area = 0.298 N/mm²

> ζv No Shear
1.479
Reinforcement is
Permissible shear stress, k.ζc ( 0.25 x sqrt(fck) ) = required

Maximum Shear stress allowed = 1.5 * ζc for the footing (cl.[Link]) = 2.219 > ζv Hence safe
 2 X 500 MW Tuticorin Thermal Power Project
ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF FOUNDATION FOR LIGHTING MAST 'LM'

Data: Case 2: Wind 45deg in Z-direction (Check for Dry Condition)

1 Safe Bearing Capacity of the Pile (550 f, Bored Cast in - situ), in Compression = 70 T
Safe Bearing Capacity of the Pile (550 f, Bored Cast in - situ), in Tension = 20 T
Allowable Shear at Pile cut off level 3.25 T

2 Diameter of the Pile, Dp : 550 mm

3 Dry Unit Weight of Soil, gs : 1800 Kg / m3

Submerged Unit Weight of Soil, gs (for Design purpose) 1000 Kg / m4

Dry Unit Weight of Concrete, gc 2500 Kg / m2

Submerged Unit Weight of Concrete, gc (for Design purpose) : 1500 Kg / m3

4 Grade of Concrete : M 35

5 Grade of Reinforcing Steel : Fe 500

6 Base Width of Tower (B / B) : 4.20 m x 4.20

m
7 Height of Top of Pedestal above GL, htp : 0.855 m

8 Size of the Angle provided : L 150 x 150 x 16

CG of this angle : 4.31 cm

9 \Center to Center Dist. Betn. Legs, Cd : 4113.8 mm

Center to Center Dist. Betn. Legs in transverse direction, Cdz : 4113.8 mm

10 Depth of bottom of Pile Cap below GL : 2.670 m

11 F.O.S. for Normal Condition : 1.500

 Case 1: Wind in Z-direction

12 Foundation Forces: Load Case 102

Note:The Foundation Forces as computed by STAAD are given in the Appendix.

Compression: : 35.526 T

Tension: : 27.005 T

Fx: : 2.695 T

Fz: : 2.864 T
(i) Calculation of No. of Piles required:

1 Length of the Pile Cap, Lr : 2.500 m

2 Breadth of Pile Cap, Br : 0.900 m

3 Thickness of Pile Cap, tr : 1.10 m

4 Top Level of Pile Cap wrt GL, Df = ( 2.67-1.1 ) : 1.570 m

5 \Thickness of Soil, ts = Df : 1.570 m

6 Length of the Pedestal, Lp : 0.60 m

7 Breadth of Pedestal, Bp : 0.60 m

8 Height of Pedstal, tp = (Df +htp) = ( 1.57 + 0.855 ) : 2.425 m

9 Spacing of Piles considered, Sp : 1.650 m

(Minimum spacing = 3 x d = 1.65m)

10 Length of Tie Beam in X- dir = 4.1138 - 2.5 : 1.6138 m

Length of Tie Beam in Z- dir = 4.1138 - 0.9 3.2138 m

11 Breadth of Tie Beam : 0.45 m

12 Thickness of Tie Beam : 0.45 m

a. Vertical Loads (Compressive)
(i) Weight of Pile Cap = Lr x Br x tr x gc = 2.5 x 0.9 x 1.1 x 2500 / 1000 : 6.19 T

(ii) Weight of Soil = = ( 2.5 x 0.9 - 0.6 x 0.6 ) x 1.57 x 1800 / 1000 : 5.34 T
(Lr x Br - Lp x Bp) x ts x gs

(iii) Weight of Pedestal = (0.6 x 0.6 x 1.57 x 1500 / 1000 ) + : 1.62 T

(0.6 x 0.6 x 0.855 x 2500 /1000 )
(Lp x Bp x tp x gc)

(iv) Vertical Load from the Tower Leg (Compn) : 35.53 T

Total Vertical Load (compression), Pc 49.00 T

b. Vertical Loads (Tensile)

(i) Weight of Pile Cap : 6.19 T

(ii) Weight of Soil = : 5.34 T

(iii) Weight of Pedestal : 1.62 T

(iv) Vertical Load from the Tower Leg (Tens) : -27.01 T

Total Vertical Load (Tension), Pt -13.86 T

Cosnider 2 Nos of Piles per pile cap i.e. for each Leg (n)

Moment Calculation at the Bottom of the Foundation:

Fx : 2.695 T

Fz : 2.864 T

Lever arm, La = 1.57 + 1.1 + 0.855-0.075 : 3.450 m

(Df +tr + htp)

 Moment Mz due to Fx (X- Dirn. Moment) (=Fx * La) = 2.69511 x 3.45 : 9.298 Tm

Moment Mx due to Fz, (Z - Drin. Moment )Mx = (Fz x La) = 2.86353 x 3.45 : 9.879 Tm

Maximum Compression / Tension in the Piles:

Max. Comp. in Pile: P = Mx / Sp + Pc / n = (9.879 / 1.65) + (49 / 2) : 30.49 T < 70 T O.K.

Max. Tension Pile: P = Mx / Sp + Pt / n = (9.879/1.65) + (13.86/ 2) : 12.92 T < 20 T O.K.

Shear Check at top of pedestal level

Length of Fixcity of pile (Lf)
(As per Approved Doc No. O10038-C-IS-SY-DC-0141) : 6.25 m

Allowable shear at top of pedestal per pile = (3.25 x 6.25 )/ (6.25 + 3.525 ) : 2.08 T

Actual Shear per pile ( Z shear per pedestal / No. of pile) = 2.86353/ 2 : 1.43 T < 2.08 T O.K.

ii) Design of Pile Cap:

a. Bending Moment at the face of the Pedestal (due to Pile Reaction): =30.49 x (1.65 - 0.6) / 2 16.007 Tm

b. Weight of Pile cap on one side of pedestal =( (2.5- 0.6) / 2 ) x 0.9 x 1.1 x 1500 1.410 T

Distance from CG of pile cap on one side to face of pedestal = ( (2.5- 0.6) / 2 ) / 2 0.475 m

Bending Moment at the face of the Pedestal (due toWt of Pile cap): = 1.41 x 0.475 0.670 Tm

c. Bending Moment at the face of the Pedestal (due to Soil Wt.): 0.638 Tm
\ Net BM = =16.007 - 0.67 - 0.638 14.699 Tm
Provide overall thickness of 1100 mm
Clear cover to reinforcement = 50 mm
Effective Depth, d = = 1040 mm
Mu 14.699 x 1.5 x 9.807 x 10^ 6
= = 0.222 N / mm2
bd 2
900 x 1040^2
From SP 16, pt = 0.051 %
 Minimum percentage of steel = 0.2 %
\ Ast reqd = 1872.00 mm2
a. Bottom Reinforcement
Provide 20 Tor @ 150 mm c/c Main Reinf. at bottom
Ast provided = 1885 mm2 > 1872.000 mm2
Hence Safe
Percentage of steel provided = 0.201 %
Provide 16 Tor @ 150 mm c/c distribution Reinf. at bottom
b. Top Reinforcement
Provide Minimum reinforcement of 0.12 %
Ast reqd = 1123.20 mm2
Provide 16 Tor @ 150 mm c/c Main Reinf. at Top
Ast provided = 1207 mm2 > 1123.200 mm2
Hence Safe
Provide 16 Tor @ 150 mm c/c distribution Reinf. at Top
c. Horizontal Reinforcement

Ast required (20% of max Ast provided) = 20 /100 * 1885 = 377.0 mm2
Provide 12 Tor @ 200 mm c/c Side Face Reinforcement
Ast provided = 509 mm2 > 377.0 mm2
Hence Safe

CHECK FOR ONE WAY SHEAR - Cl - 34.2.4.1a - IS 456-2000)

One way shear to be checked at distance d/2 from face of the column.

Effective depth of the footing d = 1040 mm

a i) Distance from centre of column to centre of pile = 825 mm
ii) Column size bc = 600 mm
Dc = 600 mm
Distance from centre of column to inner Edge of pile = 550 mm
Sum of effective depth 'd/2' and 0.5 times column size = 820 <
Shear check is required to be done in line with Cl 34.2 .4.2, IS 456-2000

Factored Shear=1.5*W=1.5*Max. Pile load x No. of Piles per side= = 1.5 x 30.49 x 1 = 457.35 kN

% of Shear developed = = ( 820 - 550-550 ) / 550 = 50.91

% of Shear = 50.91 %

Factored Shear @ 820mm from column centre = 0.51 x 457.35 = 232.83 kN

Nominal Shear Stress (ζv=Vu/bd) = 0.249 N/sqmm

% of Reinforcement steel provided = 0.201 %

Design Shear Strength of Concrete (Tc) as per Table - 19, IS:456 for concrete Grade M35 = 0.331 N/sqmm

Hence Safe

CHECK FOR PUNCHING SHEAR ( 2 - WAY SHEAR) - CL - 31.6.2 - IS 456 -2000

Total compressive load on pedestal (from Tower + wt. of pedestal) = 355.26 + 16.2

= 371.44 kN
Perimeter length [ 2 x (Column size + d/2 + d/2) on one side] 1800 mm
Shear area = Perimeter x depth = 1.87 m²
Nominal shear stress, ζv = 1.5 X Vu / shear area = 0.298 N/mm²

> ζv No Shear
1.479
Reinforcement is
Permissible shear stress, k.ζc ( 0.25 x sqrt(fck) ) = required

Maximum Shear stress allowed = 1.5 * ζc for the footing (cl.[Link]) = 2.219 > ζv Hence safe
 Design of pedestal for Lighting Mast - LM

Normal

I. Data from Tower Design LC : 101 LC : 102

Max. Compressive Load per leg kg = 22678 35526

Max. Tensile Load per leg kg = 14091 27005

Shear in X-dir per leg kg = 1332 2695

Shear in Z-dir per leg kg = 2154 2864

Grade of concrete = M 35 M 35
Grade of steel reinforcement = Fe 500
Density of concrete for design kg/cum = 2500 2500

Limit state method - overload factor = 1.5 1.5

for strength design

Pedestal size in X - direction - b m = 0.6 0.6

Pedestal size in Z - direction - a m = 0.6 0.6

Least lateral dimension of ( b ) m = 0.6

pedestal

Height of pedestal ( Le ) m = 2.35

Height = 2.35 x 2
Least lateral dimension 0.600

= 7.83 > 3 Short Column

Hence the pedestal shall be designed as a Short Column

Maximum compressive load per kg = 22677.65 + = 35526.37 +

pedestal - wind along z-dir. 0.6 x 0.6 0.6 x 0.6
x 2.35 x 2500 x 2.35 x 2500
= 24792.65 = 37641.37

Normal SCF
Max. factored compressive load N = 1.5 x 24792.65 = 1.5 x 37641.37
on pedestal , Pu x 9.81 x 9.81
(Refer Punching shear calculation) = 364824 = 553893

Factored moment due to shear in Nm = 1332.19 x 1.5 = 2695.11 x 1.5

X - direction, Mux x 9.81 x 2.35 x 9.81 x 2.35
(From shear loads at PL) = 46067 = 93198

Factored moment due to shear in Nm = 2154.38 x 1.5 = 2863.53 x 1.5

Z - direction, Muz x 9.81 x 2.35 x 9.81 x 2.35
(From shear loads at PL) = 74499 = 99022
Addition moments due to Slenderness ratio (Applicable for long columns only) As per cl. 39.7.1 of IS 456
= (PuB/2000) x (lex/B)
2
additional moment in X direction
Nm = NA = NA
= (PuD/2000) x (lez/D)
2
additional moment in z direction (Applicable for long columns only)
Nm = NA = NA

Factored Total Moments in X - dir Nm = 46067 + 0 = 93198 + 0

= #VALUE! = #VALUE!
Factored Total Moments in Z - dir Nm = 74499 + 0 = 99022 + 0
= #VALUE! = #VALUE!
e min in X - direction m = 0.0247 = 0.0247
Maximum of [(Le / 500)+(b / 30)] or 20 mm as per IS 456 : 2000 Cl. 24.4
e min in Z - direction m = 0.0247 = 0.0247

[Link] Ped_z_dry
 Moment due to e min - X Nm = 9011 = 13681

Moment due to e min - Z Nm = 9011 = 13681

Hence, design X - moment Nm = #VALUE! = #VALUE!

Hence, design Z - moment Nm = #VALUE! = #VALUE!

% of steel considered , pt = 0.992 = 0.992

Normal SCF
p / fck = 0.028 = 0.028
Clear cover to column mm = 50 50

Pu / fck b d = 364824 = 553893

( 35 x 600 ( 35 x 600
x 600 ) x 600 )

= 0.029 = 0.044

d' / D in X - direction = 62.5 / 600 = 62.5 / 600

= 0.104 = 0.104
Refer chart 48, SP : 16 , d' / D = 0.10 = 0.10

Mux1 / fck b d² = 0.06 = 0.06

Mux1 Nm =( 0.06 x 35 =( 0.06 x 35
x 600 x 600 ²)/ x 600 x 600 ²)/
1000 1000
= 453600 = 453600

d' / D in Z - direction = 62.5 / 600 = 62.5 / 600

= 0.104 = 0.104

Refer chart 48 , SP : 16 , d' / D = 0.10 = 0.10

Muz1 / fck b d² = 0.06 = 0.06

Muz1 Nm =( 0.06 x 35 =( 0.06 x 35
x 600 x 600 ²) / x 600 x 600 ²) /
1000 1000
= 453600 = 453600
Refer Chart 63 , SP :16 For pt = 0.992 %
Puz / Ag = 17 = 17
Puz = 17 x 600 = 17 x 600
x 600 x x 600
= 6120000 = 6120000

Pu / Puz = 364824 / 6120000 = 553893 / 6120000

= 0.06 = 0.091

Mux / Mux1 = #VALUE! / 453600 = #VALUE! / 453600

= #VALUE! = #VALUE!

Muz / Muz1 = #VALUE! / 453600 = #VALUE! / 453600

= #VALUE! = #VALUE!

Value of a = 1 = 1
a a
[ Mux ] + [ Muy ] = #VALUE! ^1.000+ #VALUE! ^1.00 = #VALUE! ^1.00 #VALUE! ^1.000
Mux1 Muy1 = #VALUE! ### 1 = #VALUE! ### 1
#VALUE! #VALUE!

Ast required mm² = 0.992 x 600 x = 0.992 x 600 x

100 600 100 600
= 3571 = 3571

[Link] Ped_z_dry
[Link] Ped_z_dry
 Check for tension with bending Normal
Wind along z-dir.
Maximum tension load per kg = 14091 = 27005
pedestal

Max .Factored tensile load on N = 1.5 x 14091 = 1.5 x 27005

pedestal , Pu x 9.81 x 9.81
= 207345 = 397379
Mu - wind along z-dir. kgm = Mux + Muz = Mux + Muz
(Refer calculation of pedestal = #VALUE! + #VALUE! = #VALUE! + #VALUE!
with compression & bending above) = #VALUE! = #VALUE!

Mu / fck b d² ( Max. Mu of above) = #VALUE! x 1000 = #VALUE! x 1000

( 35 x 600 ( 35 x 600
x 600 ²) x 600 ²)
= #VALUE! = #VALUE!
Pu / fck b d = 207345 = 397379
( 35 x 600 ( 35 x 600
x 600 ) x 600 )
= 0.016 = 0.03
d' / D = 0.104 = 0.104
Refer chart 83 of SP - 16 for d1/D = = 0.1 0.1
p / fck = 0.028 = 0.02
Hence, p = 0.028 x 35 = 0.02 x 35
= 0.98 % = 0.7 %
Area of steel reqd., Ast mm² = 0.98 x 600 x = 0.7 x 600 x
600 / 100 600 / 100
= 3528 = 2520
Min % of steel to be provided % = 0.8 % of area reqd. to resist = 0.8 % of area reqd. to resist
comp. force comp. force
Area of concrete required for
resisting compressive load mm² = 364824 /( 0.4 = 553893 /( 0.4
x 35 ) x 35 )
= 26059 = 39564
Area of steel reqd., Ast mm² = 0.8 x 26059 = 0.8 x 39564
100 100
= 209 = 317
Hence area of steel required mm² = 3528 = 2520
Hence provide 4 nos. of 25 mm dia bars
& 8 nos. of 16 mm dia bars
Ast provided = 3572 > 3528.00 = 3572 > 2520.00
Hence safe Hence safe
Percentage of reinforcement % = 0.992
Lateral ties for pedestal
Use lateral ties of diameter = 8 mm
Pitch of lateral ties is the least of the following : as Per Cl. [Link] c of IS 456:2000
i Least lateral dimension of the column mm = 600
ii 16 times the dia of main bar mm = 16 x 16
= 256
iii 300 mm = 300
Therefore provide 8 RTS ties at 250 mm c/c

[Link] Ped_z_dry
[Link] Ped_z_dry