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1000300 2400
3700 132 kN/m2
5.3 kN/m
4200
4550
200
500
350
2
44.4 kN/m
2 2
88.7 kN/m 75.5 kN/m
3800
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40 50
12 [Link]
horizontal @ 200 c/c
parallel to face of stem
10 dia.bars20
@[Link]
300 c/c @ 175 c/c
20 [Link] @
50 200 c/c
150
75 200 c/c
16 [Link] @
10 [Link]
transverse @ 200 c/c
in base
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RETAINING WALL CALCULATIONSRetaining wall analysis in accordance with EN1997-1:2004 incorporating Corrigendum
dated February 2009 and the UK National Annex incorporating Corrigendum No.1Tedds calculation version 2.4.09Library
item: Analysis calculation titleRetaining wall detailsStem type; Cantilever with inclined front faceStem height; h
stem = 4200 mmStem thickness; tstem = 300 mmSlope length to front of stem;lslf = 100 mmAngle to rear face of
stem; = 90 degAngle to front face of stem; f = 88.6 degStem density; stem = 24 kN/m3Toe
length; ltoe = 1000 mmHeel length; lheel = 2400 mmBase thickness; tbase = 350 mmBase density;
base = 24 kN/m3Height of retained soil; hret = 3700 mmAngle of soil surface; = 0 degDepth of cover; dcover =
500 mmLibrary item: Soil details outputDepth of excavation; dexc = 200 mmRetained soil propertiesSoil type; M
edium dense well graded sandMoist density; mr = 21 kN/m3Saturated density; sr = 23 kN/m3Characteristic
effective shear resistance angle; 'r.k = 30 degCharacteristic wall friction angle; r.k = 0 degBase soil
propertiesSoil type; Medium dense well graded sandMoist density; mb = 18 kN/m3Characteristic effective shear
resistance angle; 'b.k = 30 degCharacteristic wall friction angle; b.k = 15 degCharacteristic base friction
angle; bb.k = 30 degPresumed bearing capacity; Pbearing = 150 kN/m2Loading detailsVariable surcharge load; S
urchargeQ = 10 kN/m2 Calculate retaining wall geometryBase length; lbase = ltoe + lslf + tstem + lheel = 3800
mmMoist soil height; hmoist = hsoil = 4200 mmLength of surcharge load; lsur = lheel = 2400 mm - Distance to vertical
component; xsur_v = lbase - lheel / 2 = 2600 mmEffective height of wall; heff = hbase + dcover + hret = 4550 mm -
Distance to horizontal component; xsur_h = heff / 2 = 2275 mmArea of wall stem; Astem = hstem (tstem +
lslf / 2) = 1.47 m2 - Distance to vertical component; xstem = (hstem tstem (ltoe + lslf + tstem / 2) + hstem lslf /
2 (ltoe + 2 lslf / 3)) / Astem = 1224 mmArea of wall base; Abase = lbase tbase = 1.33 m2 - Distance to vertical
component; xbase = lbase / 2 = 1900 mmArea of moist soil; Amoist = hmoist lheel = 10.08 m2 - Distance to
vertical component; xmoist_v = lbase - (hmoist lheel2 / 2) / Amoist = 2600 mm - Distance to horizontal component; x
moist_h = heff / 3 = 1517 mmArea of base soil; Apass = dcover (ltoe + lslf dcover / (2 hstem)) = 0.503 m2 -
Distance to vertical component;xpass_v = lbase - (dcover ltoe (lbase - ltoe / 2) + lslf dcover2 / (2 hstem) (lbase -
ltoe - lslf dcover / (3 hstem))) / Apass = 503 mm - Distance to horizontal component; xpass_h = (dcover +
hbase) / 3 = 283 mmArea of excavated base soil; Aexc = hpass (ltoe + lslf hpass / (2 hstem)) = 0.301 m2 - Distance
to vertical component; xexc_v = lbase - (hpass ltoe (lbase - ltoe / 2) + lslf hpass2 / (2 hstem) (lbase - ltoe - lslf
hpass / (3 hstem))) / Aexc = 502 mm - Distance to horizontal component; xexc_h = (hpass + hbase) / 3 = 217 mmUsing
Coulomb theoryActive pressure coefficient; KA = sin( + 'r.k)2 / (sin()2 sin( - r.k) [1 + [sin('r.k + r.k)
sin('r.k - ) / (sin( - r.k) sin( + ))]]2) = 0.333Passive pressure coefficient; KP = sin(f - 'b.k)2 / (sin(f)2
sin(f + b.k) [1 - [sin('b.k + b.k) sin('b.k) / (sin(f + b.k) sin(f))]]2) = 4.769Library item: Calculated soil
props outputBearing pressure checkVertical forces on wallWall stem; Fstem = Astem stem = 35.3 kN/mWall
base; Fbase = Abase base = 31.9 kN/mSurcharge load; Fsur_v = SurchargeQ lheel = 24 kN/mMoist retained
soil; Fmoist_v = Amoist mr = 211.7 kN/mBase soil; Fpass_v = Apass mb = 9.1 kN/mTotal; Ftotal_v = Fstem +
Fbase + Fmoist_v + Fpass_v + Fsur_v = 311.9 kN/mHorizontal forces on wallSurcharge load; Fsur_h = KA SurchargeQ
heff = 15.2 kN/mMoist retained soil; Fmoist_h = KA mr heff2 / 2 = 72.5 kN/mTotal; Ftotal_h = max(Fmoist_h +
Fsur_h - Ftotal_v tan(bb.d), 0 kN/m) = 0 kN/mMoments on wallWall stem; Mstem = Fstem xstem = 43.2
kNm/mWall base; Mbase = Fbase xbase = 60.6 kNm/mSurcharge load; Msur = Fsur_v xsur_v - Fsur_h
xsur_h = 27.9 kNm/mMoist retained soil; Mmoist = Fmoist_v xmoist_v - Fmoist_h xmoist_h = 440.5 kNm/mBase soil; M
pass = Fpass_v xpass_v = 4.6 kNm/mTotal; Mtotal = Mstem + Mbase + Mmoist + Mpass + Msur = 576.7
kNm/mCheck bearing pressureDistance to reaction; x = Mtotal / Ftotal_v = 1849 mmEccentricity of reaction; e
= x - lbase / 2 = -51 mmLoaded length of base; lload = lbase = 3800 mmBearing pressure at toe; qtoe = Ftotal_v /
lbase (1 - 6 e / lbase) = 88.7 kN/m2Bearing pressure at heel; qheel = Ftotal_v / lbase (1 + 6 e / lbase) = 75.5
kN/m2Library item: Bearing pressure common outputFactor of safety; FoSbp = Pbearing / max(qtoe, qheel) =
1.691PASS - Allowable bearing pressure exceeds maximum applied bearing pressureLibrary item: Bearing FoS
outputPartial factors on actions - Table A.3 - Combination 1Permanent unfavourable action; G = 1.35Permanent
favourable action; Gf = 1.00Variable unfavourable action; Q = 1.50Variable favourable action; Qf =
0.00Library item; Load combination outputPartial factors for soil parameters – Table A.4 - Combination 1Angle of shearing
resistance; ' = 1.00Effective cohesion; c' = 1.00Weight density; = 1.00Library item; Partial factors
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outputRetained soil propertiesDesign effective shear resistance angle; 'r.d = atan(tan('r.k) / ') = 30 degDesign
wall friction angle; r.d = atan(tan(r.k) / ') = 0 degBase soil propertiesDesign effective shear resistance angle;
'b.d = atan(tan('b.k) / ') = 30 degDesign wall friction angle; b.d = atan(tan(b.k) / ') = 15 degDesign base
friction angle;bb.d = atan(tan(bb.k) / ') = 30 degLibrary item; Design shear resistance outputDesign effective
cohesion; c'b.d = c'b.k / c' = 0 kN/m2Using Coulomb theoryActive pressure coefficient; KA = sin( + 'r.d)2 /
(sin()2 sin( - r.d) [1 + [sin('r.d + r.d) sin('r.d - ) / (sin( - r.d) sin( + ))]]2) = 0.333Passive pressure
coefficient; KP = sin(f - 'b.d)2 / (sin(f)2 sin(f + b.d) [1 - [sin('b.d + b.d) sin('b.d) / (sin(f + b.d)
sin(f))]]2) = 4.769Library item: Calculated soil props outputSliding checkVertical forces on wallWall stem; Fstem =
Gf Astem stem = 35.3 kN/mWall base; Fbase = Gf Abase base = 31.9 kN/mMoist retained soil; F
moist_v = Gf Amoist mr = 211.7 kN/mBase soil; Fexc_v = Gf Aexc mb = 5.4 kN/mTotal; Ftotal_v =
Fstem + Fbase + Fmoist_v + Fexc_v = 284.3 kN/mHorizontal forces on wallSurcharge load; Fsur_h = KA Q
SurchargeQ heff = 22.7 kN/mMoist retained soil; Fmoist_h = G KA mr heff2 / 2 = 97.8 kN/mTotal; F
total_h = Fmoist_h + Fsur_h = 120.6 kN/mCheck stability against slidingBase soil resistance; Fexc_h = Gf KP
cos(b.d) mb (hpass + hbase)2 / 2 = 17.5 kN/mBase friction; Ffriction = Ftotal_v tan(bb.d) = 164.1
kN/mResistance to sliding; Frest = Fexc_h + Ffriction = 181.7 kN/mFactor of safety; FoSsl = Frest / Ftotal_h =
1.507PASS - Resistance to sliding is greater than sliding forceLibrary item: Sliding check outputOverturning checkVertical
forces on wallWall stem; Fstem = Gf Astem stem = 35.3 kN/mWall base; Fbase = Gf Abase
base = 31.9 kN/mMoist retained soil; Fmoist_v = Gf Amoist mr = 211.7 kN/mBase soil; Fexc_v = Gf
Aexc mb = 5.4 kN/mTotal; Ftotal_v = Fstem + Fbase + Fmoist_v + Fexc_v = 284.3 kN/mHorizontal forces on
wallSurcharge load; Fsur_h = KA Q SurchargeQ heff = 22.7 kN/mMoist retained soil; Fmoist_h = G
KA mr heff2 / 2 = 97.8 kN/mBase soil; Fexc_h = -Gf KP cos(b.d) mb (hpass + hbase)2 / 2 = -17.5
kN/mTotal; Ftotal_h = Fmoist_h + Fexc_h + Fsur_h = 103.1 kN/mOverturning moments on wallSurcharge load; Msur_OT
= Fsur_h xsur_h = 51.8 kNm/mMoist retained soil; Mmoist_OT = Fmoist_h xmoist_h = 148.4 kNm/mTotal; M
total_OT = Mmoist_OT + Msur_OT = 200.1 kNm/mRestoring moments on wallWall stem; Mstem_R = Fstem xstem
= 43.2 kNm/mWall base; Mbase_R = Fbase xbase = 60.6 kNm/mMoist retained soil; Mmoist_R = Fmoist_v
xmoist_v = 550.4 kNm/mBase soil; Mexc_R = Fexc_v xexc_v - Fexc_h xexc_h = 6.5 kNm/mTotal; Mtotal_R
= Mstem_R + Mbase_R + Mmoist_R + Mexc_R = 660.7 kNm/mCheck stability against overturningFactor of safety; F
oSot = Mtotal_R / Mtotal_OT = 3.302PASS - Maximum restoring moment is greater than overturning momentLibrary item:
Overturning check outputPartial factors on actions - Table A.3 - Combination 2Permanent unfavourable action; G =
1.00Permanent favourable action; Gf = 1.00Variable unfavourable action; Q = 1.30Variable favourable action;
Qf = 0.00Library item; Load combination outputPartial factors for soil parameters – Table A.4 - Combination 2Angle of
shearing resistance; ' = 1.25Effective cohesion; c' = 1.25Weight density; = 1.00Library item; Partial factors
outputRetained soil propertiesDesign effective shear resistance angle; 'r.d = atan(tan('r.k) / ') = 24.8 degDesign
wall friction angle; r.d = atan(tan(r.k) / ') = 0 degBase soil propertiesDesign effective shear resistance angle;
'b.d = atan(tan('b.k) / ') = 24.8 degDesign wall friction angle; b.d = atan(tan(b.k) / ') = 12.1 degDesign base
friction angle;bb.d = atan(tan(bb.k) / ') = 24.8 degLibrary item; Design shear resistance outputDesign effective
cohesion; c'b.d = c'b.k / c' = 0 kN/m2Using Coulomb theoryActive pressure coefficient; KA = sin( + 'r.d)2 /
(sin()2 sin( - r.d) [1 + [sin('r.d + r.d) sin('r.d - ) / (sin( - r.d) sin( + ))]]2) = 0.409Passive pressure
coefficient; KP = sin(f - 'b.d)2 / (sin(f)2 sin(f + b.d) [1 - [sin('b.d + b.d) sin('b.d) / (sin(f + b.d)
sin(f))]]2) = 3.365Library item: Calculated soil props outputSliding checkVertical forces on wallWall stem; Fstem =
Gf Astem stem = 35.3 kN/mWall base; Fbase = Gf Abase base = 31.9 kN/mMoist retained soil; F
moist_v = Gf Amoist mr = 211.7 kN/mBase soil; Fexc_v = Gf Aexc mb = 5.4 kN/mTotal; Ftotal_v =
Fstem + Fbase + Fmoist_v + Fexc_v = 284.3 kN/mHorizontal forces on wallSurcharge load; Fsur_h = KA Q
SurchargeQ heff = 24.2 kN/mMoist retained soil; Fmoist_h = G KA mr heff2 / 2 = 88.9 kN/mTotal; F
total_h = Fmoist_h + Fsur_h = 113.1 kN/mCheck stability against slidingBase soil resistance; Fexc_h = Gf KP
cos(b.d) mb (hpass + hbase)2 / 2 = 12.5 kN/mBase friction; Ffriction = Ftotal_v tan(bb.d) = 131.3
kN/mResistance to sliding; Frest = Fexc_h + Ffriction = 143.8 kN/mFactor of safety; FoSsl = Frest / Ftotal_h =
1.271PASS - Resistance to sliding is greater than sliding forceLibrary item: Sliding check outputOverturning checkVertical
forces on wallWall stem; Fstem = Gf Astem stem = 35.3 kN/mWall base; Fbase = Gf Abase
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