Chapter review 3

1 a 2kx − y = 4 (1) 4 a Rearrange x + y = 2 to give:

4kx + 3y = −2 (2) y=2–x
Multiply equation (1) by 2 to give x2 + x(2 − x) − (2 − x)2 = −1
4kx − 2y = 8 (3) x + 2x − x2 − 4 + 4x − x2 + 1 = 0
2

Subtract equation (2) from equation (3): −x2 + 6x − 3 = 0

−5y = 10 x2 − 6x + 3 = 0
y = −2
b Using the quadratic formula:
b Using (1), 2kx + 2 = 4: b  b2  4ac
2kx = 2 x
2a
1
x= 6  36  12
k x
2
2 Rearrange x + 2y = 3 to give: 6  24
x  3 2y 
2
Substitute into x2  4 y 2  33 : 6  46

3  2 y 
2
 4 y 2  33 2
9  12 y  4 y 2  4 y 2  33 62 6

12 y  42 2
y  72  3 6
Substitute into x  3  2 y :
Substitute into y = 2 – x:
x  3  7  4
So the solution is x  4, y  72 
y  2 3 6 
y  –1  6
3 a Rearrange x – 2y = 1 to give:
x  1 2 y
5 a 9  32 , so 3x   32 
y 1

Substitute into 3 xy  y 2  8 :
3 y (1  2 y )  y 2  8  3x  32 y 1
5 y2  3y  8  0
Equate powers:
x  2( y  1)
b (5 y  8)( y  1)  0
 x  2y  2
y   85 or y  1
Substitute into x  1  2 y :
When y   85 , x  1  165   115
When y  1, x  1  2  3
The solutions are   115 ,  85  and (3, 1)

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5 b x  2y  2  k 
7 a kx 2  x 1  x   (k  1) x  1
Substitute into x 2  y 2  7 :  2 
(2 y  2) 2  y 2  7 k
kx 2  x  x 2  kx  x  1  0
4 y2  8 y  4  y2  7 2
kx 2  2kx  2  0
4 y2  y2  8 y  4  7  0
3y2  8 y  3  0 Using the discriminant for one
(3 y  1)( y  3)  0 solution:
b2 − 4ac = 0
y   13 or y  3 (2k)2 − 4(k)(−2) = 0
4k2 + 8k = 0
Substitute into x  2 y  2 : 4k(k + 2) = 0
When y   13 , x   32  2   83 k is non-zero, so k = −2
When y  3, x  6  2  4
b Substituting into kx2  2kx  2  0
The solutions are: gives:
x   83 , y   13 and x  4, y  3 2 x 2  4 x  2  0
 x2  2 x 1  0
6 Rearrange x + 2y = 3 to give: x2  2x  1  0
x  3 2y
( x  1) 2  0
Substitute into x2  2 y  4 y 2  18 :
x  1
3  2 y 
2
 2 y  4 y 2  18
9  12 y  4 y 2  2 y  4 y 2  18 Substitute for x and k:
k
8 y 2  14 y  9  18  0 y  1 x
2
8 y 2  14 y  9  0  1 – (1)
(4 y  9)(2 y  1)  0 2
y  94 or y   12 Therefore, the coordinates are (−1, 2).

Substitute into x  3  2 y :
When y  94 , x  3  92   23
When y   12 , x  3  1  4
The solutions are: x   32 , y  94
and x  4, y   12

k
7 a Rearrange  x  y  1 and substitute
2
into the quadratic equation:
k
y  1 x
2

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8 a 3 x  x  13  8 10 a x 2  x  2  18
2 x  21 x 2  x  20  0
x  212 ( x  5)( x  4)  0
In set notation, the solution is x  5 or x  4
{x: x > 212 }
b (x – 1)(x + 2) > 18
b x 2  5x  14  0  x2  x  20  0
( x  2)( x  7)  0
x  2 or x  7

x2  x  20  0 when x  5 or x  4
x2 − 5x − 14 > 0 when x < −2 or x > 7 In set notation, the solution is
In set notation, the solution is {x : x  5}  {x : x  4}
{x : x  2}  {x : x  7}
11 a 6 x  2 x  3  7
9 Multiplying out the brackets: 4 x  10
x2  5x  4  2 x  8 x  52
x2  5x  2 x  4  8  0
x 2  7 x  12  0 b (2 x  1)( x  5)  0
x  7 x  12  0
2 x  12 or x  5
( x  3)( x  4)  0
x  3 or x  4

2 x2 11x  5  0 when 1
2  x5
x2  7 x 12  0 when 3  x  4

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 20 12
11 c 5 <
x
Multiply both sides by x2:
5x2 < 20x
5x2 − 20x < 0
Solve the quadratic to find
the critical values:
5x2 − 20x = 0
5x(x − 4) = 0
x = 0 or x = 4
The solution is 1 ≤ x ≤ 8

13 a  k , b  8, c  5
Using the discriminant b2  4ac  0 :
82  4  k  5  0
64  20k  0
64  20k
64
20 k

The solution is 0 < x < 4. k  165

d 14 a = 2, b = 4k, c = −5k
Using the discriminant b2 − 4ac < 0:
(4k)2 − 4(2)(−5k) < 0
16k2 + 40k < 0
8k(2k + 5) < 0
k = 0 or k =  52
Intersection is 1
2 x 5
2

8 9
12 2
1 
x x
Multiply both sides by x2:
8 + x2 ≤ 9x
x2 − 9x + 8 ≤ 0
Solve the quadratic to find
the critical values:
x2 − 9x + 8 = 0
(x − 1)(x − 8) = 0  52  k  0
x = 1 or x = 8

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15 a y = x2 + 2x − 15 17 y = x2 + 4x − 12
y = (x + 5)(x − 3) x2 + 4x − 12 = 0
0 = (x + 5)(x − 3) (x + 6)(x − 2) = 0
x = −5 or x = 3 x = −6 or x = 2
When x = 0, y = −15 y = 4 − x2
4 − x2 = 0
(2 + x)(2 − x) = 0
x = −2 or x = 2

b x2 + 2x − 15 = 6 − 2x
x2 + 4x − 21 = 0
(x + 7)(x − 3) = 0
x = −7 or x = 3
When x = −7, y = 20
When x = 3, y = 0
The points of intersection are 18 a
(−7, 20) and (3, 0).

From the graph and the calculated b Area = 1

2 × 3 × 3 = 4 12 units2
points of intersection, the required
values are
x < −7 or x > 3.

16 2x2 + 3x − 15 = 8 + 2x
2x2 + x − 23 = 0
1  185 1
x=
4

 4 1  185 
 
4 1  185  x  4 1  185
1 1
 

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Challenge

1 2kx2 + 5kx + 5k − 3 = 0 2 2x − k = 3x2 + 2kx + 5

2
Using the discriminant: 3x + 2kx − 2x + 5 + k = 0
b2 − 4ac > 0 for real roots. 3x2 + (2k − 2)x + (5 + k) = 0
(5k)2 − 4(2k)(5k − 3) > 0 If the line and parabola do not intersect
25k2 − 40k2 + 24k > 0 then there are no solutions.
−15k2 + 24k > 0
3k(−5k + 8) > 0 Using the discriminant:
3k(−5k + 8) = 0 b2 − 4ac < 0
2
k = 0 or k = 85 (2k − 2) − 4(3)(5 + k) < 0
4k2 − 8k + 4 − 60 − 12k < 0
4k2 − 20k − 56 < 0
k2 − 5k − 14 < 0
k2 − 5k − 14 = 0
(k − 7)(k + 2) = 0
k = 7 or k = −2

0<k< 8
5

The line and the parabola do not intersect

in the interval −2 < k < 7.

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