Term 1 examination

12th std physics

Section A [ 1 X 12 = 12]
Multiple Choice Questions:
1. An electric dipole of length 2 cm is placed at an angle of 30 with an electric field 2 X
105 N/C. If the dipole experiences a torque of 8 X 10-3 Nm, the magnitude of either
charge of the dipole, is
(a) 4 µC
(b) 7 µC
(c) 8 mC
(d) 2 mC

2. Which of the following is not the property of an equipotential surface?

(a) They do not cross each other
(b) The work done in carrying a charge from one point to another on an
equipotential surface is zero.
(c) For a uniform electric field, they are concentric spheres
(d) They can be imaginary spheres.

3. Two long parallel wires kept 2m apart carry 3A current each, in the same direction.
The force per unit length on one wire due to the other is
(a) 4.5 X 10-5 N/m, attractive
(b) 4.5 X 10-7 N/m, repulsive
(c) 9 X 10-7 N/m, repulsive
(d) 9 X 10-7 N/m, attractive

4. An electron is moving along positive X-axis in a magnetic field which is parallel to the
positive y-axis. In what direction will the magnetic force be acting on the electron?
(a) Along – X axis
(b) Along – Z axis
(c) Along + Z axis
(d) Along – Y axis

5. A square shaped coil of side 10 cm, having 100 turns is placed perpendicular to a
magnetic field which is increasing at 1 T/s. The induced emf in the coil is
(a) 0.1 V (b) 0.5 V (c) 0.75 V (d) 1.0 V

6. Which one the following electromagnetic radiation has the least wavelength?
(a) Gamma rays
(b) Microwaves
(c) Visible light
(d) X – rays
7. The relative permeability of a substance X is slightly less than unity and that of
substance Y is slightly more than unity, then
(a) X is paramagnetic and Y is ferromagnetic
(b) X is diamagnetic and Y is ferromagnetic
(c) X and Y both are paramagnetic
(d) X is diamagnetic and Y is paramagnetic

8. An ammeter of resistance 0.81 0hm reads up to 1 A. The value of the required shunt
to increase the range to 10 A is
(a) 0.9 ohm (b) 0.09 ohm (c) 0.03 ohm (d) 0.3 ohm

9. Three capacitors each of 4 µF are to be connected in such a way that the effective
capacitance of the combination is 6 µF. This can be achieved by connecting
(a) All three in parallel
(b) All three in series
(c) Two of them connected in series and the combination in parallel to the third
(d) Two of them connected in parallel and the combination in series to the third.

10. Which of the following statements about a series LCR circuit connected to an AC
source is correct?
(a) If the frequency of the source is increased, the impedance of the circuit first
decreases and then increases.
(b) If the net reactance ( XL – XC ) of circuit becomes equal to its resistance, then the
current leads the voltage by 450 .
(c) At resonance, the voltage drop across the inductor is more than that across the
capacitor
(d) At resonance, the voltage drop across the capacitor is more than that across the
inductor

11. The large - scale transmission of electrical energy over long distances is done with the
use of transformers. The voltage output of the generator is stepped-up because of
(a) Reduction of current
(b) Reduction of current and voltage both
(c) Power loss is cut down
(d) (a) and (c) both.

12. The drift velocity of the free electrons in a conducting wire carrying a current ‘I’ is ‘v’.
If in a wire of the same metal, but of double the radius, the current be 2I, then the
drift velocity of the electrons will be
(a) v/4 (b) v/2 (c) v (d ) 4v
Reason and Assertion questions : [1 x 4 = 4]
Instructions:
Assertion-and-Reason Type
Each question consists of two statements, namely, Assertion (A) and Reason (R). For
selecting the correct answer, use the following code:
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are the true and Reason (R) is a correct explanation
of Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are the true but Reason (R) is not a correct
explanation of Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true and Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is false.

13. Assertion (A): The direction of induced emf is always such as to oppose the changes
that
causes it.
Reason (R): The direction of induced emf is given by Lenz’s law.

14. Assertion (A): In series RLC resonance circuit, the impedance is equal to the ohmic
resistance.
Reason (R): At resonance, the inductive reactance exceeds the capacitive reactance.

15. Assertion (A): Propagation of light through an optical fibre is due to total internal
reflection
taking place at the core-cladding interface.
Reason (R): Refractive index of the material of the cladding of the optical fibre is
greater
than that of the core.
16. Assertion (A): The equivalent resistance between points A and B in the given network
is 2R
Reason (R): All the resistors are connected in parallel.
Section : B [ 2 x 5 = 10 ]
Very Short Answer Type Questions:

17. Depict the orientation of an electric dipole in (a)stable and (b)unstable equilibrium in
an external uniform electric field. Write the potential energy of the dipole in each
case.

18. The potential difference applied across a given conductor is doubled. How will this
affect (i) the mobility of electrons and (ii) the current density in the conductor? Justify
your answers.
19. Identify the electromagnetic wave whose wavelengths range is from about
(a) 10-12 m to about 10-8 m (b) 10-3 m to about 10-1 m.
Write one use of each.

20. (A) Write the expression for the Lorentz force on a particle of charge ‘q’ moving with a
velocity ⃗v , in a magnetic field ⃗
B. When is the magnitude of this force maximum?
Show that no work is done by this force on the particle during its motion from a point
⃗
r 1 to point ⃗ r 2.
OR
(B) A long straight wire AB carries a current I. A particle P (mass m and charge q)
moves with a velocity ⃗v , parallel to the wire, at a distance d from it as shown in the
figure. Obtain the expression for the force experienced by the particle and mention its
direction.

21. (A) A horizontal conducting rod 10 m long extending from east to west is falling with a
speed 5 m/s at right angles to the horizontal component of Earth’s magnetic field 0.3
X 10-4 Wb/m2.
Find the instantaneous value of the emf induced in the rod.
OR
(B) The figure shows the variation of induced emf as a function of rate of change of
current for two identical solenoids X and Y. One is air cored and the other is iron
cored. Which one of them is iron cored? Why?
Section : C [ 3 X 7 = 21 ]
Short Answer Questions:
22. Two long straight parallel current carrying conductors are kept ‘d’ distant apart in air.
The direction of current in both the conductors is same. Find the magnitude of force
per unit length and direction of the force between them. Hence define one ampere.

23. An alternating voltage 220 V is applied across a device X. A current of 0.22 A flows in
the circuit and it lags behind the applied voltage in phase by π/2 radian. When the
same voltage is applied across another device Y. The current in the circuit remains the
same and it is in phase with the applied voltage.
(a) Name the devices X and Y and
(b) Calculate the current flowing in the circuit when the same voltage is applied
across the series combination of X and Y.

24. State the basic principle behind the working of an ac generator. Briefly describe its
working and obtain the expression for the instantaneous value of emf induced.

25. With a neat labelled diagram, explain how current is proportional to the defection
produced in a moving coil galvanometer.

26. (A) Define the term self-inductance of a solenoid. Obtain the expression for the
magnetic energy stored in an inductor of self-inductance L to build up current I
through it.
OR
(B) (a) How does the mutual inductance of a pair of coils change when
(i) distance between the coils is increased and
(ii) number of turns in the coils is increased?
(b) A plot of magnetic flux (φ) versus current ( I ), is shown in the figure for
inductors A and B. Which of the two has large value of self-inductance?
 (c) How is the mutual inductance of a pair of coils affected when
(i) Separation between the coils is increased?
(ii) The number of turns in each coil is increased?
(iii) A thin iron sheet is placed between the two coils, other factors
remaining the same?
Justify your answer in each case.
27. (A) Show that the current leads the voltage in phase by π/2 in an ac circuit containing
an ideal capacitor.
OR
(B) How does a pure inductive circuit behave when connected across an AC source?
28. (a) Find the equivalent capacitance between A and B in the combination given below.
Each capacitor is of 2 µF capacitance.

(b) If a dc source of 7 V is connected across AB, how much charge is drawn from the
source and what is the energy stored in the network?

Section : D [(1X4)X2=8]
Case Based Study Questions :
29. Surface Charge Density:
Surface charge density is defined as the charge per unit surface area. The charge on
the
surface is symmetrically distributed and follows Gauss law of electrostatics.
Mathematically, it is denoted by
σ=ΔQ/ΔS
 Two large thin metal plates are parallel and close to each other. On their inner faces,
the plates have surface charge densities of opposite sign (±) having magnitude 8.8 ×
10–12 C-m–2 as shown in the figure. The intensity of electric field at a point is E =σ/ε0
and flux is Φ=E.ΔS, where ΔS = 1 m2 (unit surface area of the plate)

(i) E in the outer region (I) of the first (A) plate is

(a) 1.7 × 10–22 N/C
(b) 1.1 × 10–12 V/m
(c) Zero
(d) Insufficient data

(ii) E in the outer region (III) of the second plate (B) is

(a) 1 N/C
(b) 0.1 V/m
(c) 0.5 N/C
(d) zero

(iii) E between (II) the plate is

(a) 1 N/C
(b) 0.1 V/m
(c) 0.5 N/C
(d) None of these

(v) In order to estimate the electric field due to a thin finite plane metal plate the
Gaussian surface considered is
(a) Spherical
(b) Linear
(c) Cylindrical
(d) Cubic
30. Cells:
A single cell provides a feeble current. In order to get a higher current in a circuit, we
often use a combination of cells. A combination of cells is called a battery. Cells can be
joined in series, parallel or in a mixed way.
Two cells are said to be connected in series when negative terminal of one cell is
connected to positive terminal of the other cell and so on. Two cells are said to be
connected in parallel if positive terminal of each cell is connected to one point and
negative terminal of each cell connected to the other point. In mixed grouping of cells, a
certain number of identical cells are joined in series, and all such rows are then
connected in parallel with each other.

(i) To draw the maximum current from a combination of cells, how should the cells be
grouped?
(a) Parallel
(b) Series
(c) Mixed grouping
(d) Depends upon the relative values of internal and external resistances.

(ii) The total emf of the cells when n identical cells each of emf ε are connected in parallel
is
(a) nε
(b) n2 ε
(c) ε
(d) ε/n
(iii) 4 cells each of emf 2 V and internal resistance of 1Ω are connected in parallel to a
load resistor of 2Ω. Then the current through the load resistor is
(a) 2A
(b) 1.5 A
(c) 1A
(d) 0.888 A
(iv) If two cells out of n number of cells each of internal resistance 'r' are wrongly
connected in series, then total resistance of the cell is
(a) 2nr
(b) nr – 4r
(c) nr
(d) r
 (v) Two identical non-ideal batteries are connected in parallel. Consider the following
statements.
(i). The equivalent emf is smaller than either of the two emfs.
(ii) The equivalent internal resistance is smaller than either of the two internal resistances
(a) Both (i) and (ii) are correct.
(b) (i) is correct, but (ii) is wrong.
(c) (ii) is correct, but (i) is wrong.
(d) Both (i) and (ii) are wrong.

Section : E [ 5 X 3 = 15 ]
Long Answer Questions:
31. (A) Derive an expression for the electric field intensity at a point on the equatorial line
of an electric dipole of dipole moment ⃗p and length 2l. What is the direction of this
field?
OR
(B) Arrive at an expression for the magnetic field due to a circular current carrying
circular loop /ring/ coil on its axis.
32. (A) Derive an expression for the electric potential at a point due to an electric dipole.
Mention the contrasting features of the electric potential of a dipole at a point as compared
to that due to a single charge.
OR
(B) Derive the balancing condition of a Wheatstone bridge using Kirchhoff’s laws.

33. (A) What is meant by the term ‘mutual inductance’ of a pair of coils? Obtain an
expression for the mutual inductance of two long coaxial coils, each of length ‘l’ but
having different number of turns N1 and N2.
OR
(B) (a) What is impedance?
(b) A series RLC circuit is connected to an AC source having voltage V = V0 sin
ꞷt . Derive an expression for the impedance, instantaneous current and its
phase relationship to the applied voltage.
(c) Find an expression for the resonant frequency.