Installation and Operations Guide

VLCs

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Important safety information and installation
precautions
Read all instructions
Failure to follow all instructions may result in equipment damage or a hazardous condition. Read all instructions
carefully before installing equipment.
Local codes and practices
Always install equipment in accordance with the National Electric Code and in a manner acceptable to the local
authority having jurisdiction.
Electrostatic sensitivity
This product and its components may be susceptible to electrostatic discharge (ESD). Use appropriate ESD
grounding techniques while handling the product. When possible, always handle the product by its non-electrical
components.
High voltage safety test
Experienced electricians, at first contact, always assume that hazardous voltages may exist in any wiring
system. A safety check using a known, reliable voltage measurement or detection device should be made
immediately before starting work and when work resumes.
Lightning and high-voltage danger
Most electrical injuries involving low-voltage wiring result from sudden, unexpected high voltages on normally
low-voltage wiring. Low-voltage wiring can carry hazardous high voltages under unsafe conditions. Never install
or connect wiring or equipment during electrical storms. Improperly protected wiring can carry a fatal lightning
surge for many miles. All outdoor wiring must be equipped with properly grounded and listed signal circuit
protectors, which must be installed in compliance with local, applicable codes. Never install wiring or equipment

!
while standing in water.
Wiring and equipment separations
All wiring and controllers must be installed to minimize the possibility of accidental contact with other potentially
hazardous and disruptive power and lighting wiring. Never place 24VAC or communications wiring near other
bare power wires, lightning rods, antennas, transformers, or steam or hot water pipes. Never place wire in any
conduit, box, channel, duct or other enclosure containing power or lighting circuits of any type. Always provide
adequate separation of communications wiring and other electrical wiring according to code. Keep wiring and
controllers at least six feet from large inductive loads (power distribution panels, lighting ballasts, motors, etc.).
Failure to follow these guidelines can introduce electrical interference and cause the system to operate
erratically.
Warning
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class A digital device, pursuant to part
15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference
when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate
radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause
harmful interference, in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense.
© 2005 Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
6670 185th AVE NE
Redmond, WA 98052 USA
Phone: (425)869-8400 FAX: (425)869-8445
Web Site: [Link] E-mail: info@[Link]
All information in this document is provided as is without warranty of any kind. Novar Controls Corporation
reserves the right to change any information herein without prior notice. No guarantees are given as to the
accuracy of information. Trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities
claiming the marks and names or their products. Alerton, BACtalk, and their logos are registered trademarks and
VisualLogic is a trademark of Novar Controls Corporation. Novar Controls Corporation disclaims any proprietary
interest in trademarks and trade names other than its own.
Questions, corrections, comments?
To improve our information products and better serve our readers, your feedback is vital. If you have any
questions, corrections, or comments about this publication or any other Alerton information products, please
send e-mail to techcomm@[Link].

2 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | Contents

Contents
VLC application and operation overview 4
About this document and related publications 5
Version Information 5
VLC model identification 6
Identifying the firmware revision 8
VLC cover dimensions 9
Cover form A dimensions 9
Cover form B dimensions 10
Cover form C dimensions 10
Mounting guidelines 11
Identifying terminals and terminating wire 12
Using terminal blocks 15
Power supply guidelines and requirements 16
Understanding VLC power ratings 16
Selecting a transformer 17
Power supply grounding and wiring 17
Proper grounding for single VLC 18
Proper grounding for multiple VLCs powered from
the same transformer 18
Power supply wire selection 19
About VLC inputs 20
Electrical characteristics of VLC input circuits 20
Scaling inputs in software 22
Input wiring and configuration tips 24
Wire shields and shield grounding 24
BACtalk Microset 24
BACtalk Microset II 25
BACtalk Microtouch 26
Resistive inputs (thermistors and potentiometers) 26
Dry contact inputs 27
4–20 mA inputs 28
0–5VDC inputs 29
0–10VDC inputs 29
Solid-state switch inputs 30
Pulse-type inputs 30
Binary outputs (BOs) 32
BO status LEDs 33
Analog outputs (AOs) 34
MS/TP LAN configuration 35
Determining the number of devices an MS/TP LAN will support35
Setting the MS/TP MAC address 37
Terminating MS/TP LAN cabling 37
MS/TP shield grounding 37
Terminating resistors 39
Communications status LED 39

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004 3

Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

4 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | VLC application and operation overview

VLC application and operation overview

Alerton® VisualLogic® Controllers (VLCs) are high-performance
programmable logic controllers designed for the control of building mechanical/
electrical equipment. VLCs typically control and monitor HVAC equipment—
heat pumps, fan-coils, air conditioning units, VAV boxes, air handling units,
chillers, and similar equipment. They are also suitable for any application that
requires input monitoring and output control: irrigation, lighting, alarm
monitoring, and more.

VLCs are available in a variety of input/output (I/O) configurations to

accommodate virtually any application. Electrical inputs and outputs wire
directly to field equipment, and the control sequence is totally programmable
using Envision for BACtalk’s direct digital control (DDC) language,
VisualLogic. DDC is programmed and downloaded to the controller using an
Envision for BACtalk operator workstation.

Operational information and control data is available to other building

controllers and systems through the BACnet protocol (ANSI/ASHRAE standard
135-2001). This enables VLCs to share data and execute commands initiated
from other BACnet-compliant devices.

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004 5

Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

About this document and related publications

This document provides information about identifying VLC components,
installing and wiring VLCs to equipment in the field, wiring VLCs to power and
communication channels, and maintaining and monitoring VLC operation.
Although the I/O configuration of VLCs vary, the electrical characteristics and
requirements of the I/Os are fundamentally the same. This guide depicts wiring
schematics for common I/O applications.

IMPO R TAN T Always install equipment in accordance with the National

Electric Code and in a manner acceptable to the local authority having
jurisdiction (AHJ). No guidelines, instructions, installation practices, or other
information presented in this guide may be interpreted to supersede or modify
the local codes and practices of the AHJ.

Table 1 Other documentation related to BACtalk VLCs

Document (ID) Contains

Data Sheets: Single-sheet summary of applications, capabilities, and
configuration.
LTBT-VLC-1600
LTBT-VLC-16160
LTBT-VLC-1188
LTBT-VLC-853
LTBT-VLC-660R
LTBT-VLC-651R
LTBT-VLC-550
LTBT-VAV-DD
LTBT-VAV-SD
LTBT-VAVi-SD
LTBT-VAV-SD2A
LTBT-VAV-DD7

Programmer’s Guide & Information and instructions for programming DDC

Reference for BACtalk sequences for VLCs, setting up I/Os in software, and
systems (LTBT-TM- programming data displays to command data.
PRGRMR)

Version information
Information in this guide does not apply to C3-Series VLCs. For VLCs carrying
the C3 designation in their part numbers, see the C3-Series VLC Installation and
Wiring Guide (LTBT-TM-VLC).

6 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | VLC model identification

VLC model identification

The product number of each VLC conveys information about its application and
configuration.

VLCs intended for use with variable air volume (VAV) boxes carry a “VAV”
designation rather than “VLC.” For VAV controllers, “SD” indicates a single-
duct VAV design and “DD” indicates a dual-duct design.

A VLC’s numerical designation indicates I/O capabilities. The first number

designates universal inputs, the second designates the number of binary outputs,
and the third designates the number of analog outputs. An “R” designation
indicates the presence of high-current relay outputs.

VLC-11 8 8

Eight analog outputs

Eight binary outputs

Eleven universal inputs

No te Unless stated otherwise, outputs are optically coupled, 0.5A triacs, which
are connected to the 24VAC supply.

VAV–DD
Dual-duct VAV controller with two differential pressure transducers (hot deck/
cold deck) and four ground-switched 24VAC @ 0.5 A triac outputs for damper
motor control. Four 10-bit resolution universal inputs.

VAV–SD
Single-duct VAV controller with a differential pressure transducer and five
binary outputs: three are hot-switched 24VAC @ 0.5A triacs, two are ground-
switched 24VAC @ 0.5A triacs. Four 10-bit resolution universal inputs.

VAVi–SD
Same as VAV-SD, with an integrated Belimo actuator.

VAV–SD2A
Single-duct VAV controller with a differential pressure transducer, four 10-bit
universal inputs, five binary outputs, and two analog outputs. The five binary
outputs are hot-switched 24 VAC @ 0.5A triac outputs. The analog outputs are
DIP-switch selectable between 0-10V and 0-20mA.

VLC–1188
Often used for central plant systems, air handling units, clean rooms, fume
hoods, and large terminal units. Eleven universal inputs, eight hot-switched
24VAC @ 0.5A triac outputs, and eight analog outputs DIP-switch selectable
between 0-10V and 0-20mA.

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004 7

Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

VLC–1600
Input monitoring configuration (no outputs), often used to augment the input
capabilities of other controllers in high point-count applications. Sixteen 10-bit
universal inputs.

VLC–16160
High-density I/O configuration, typically used in lighting control or other high
point-count applications. Sixteen 10-bit universal inputs and sixteen hot-
switched 24VAC @ 0.5A triac outputs.

VLC–550
Used for heat pumps, AC units, and other terminal unit applications. Five 10-bit
universal inputs and five hot-switched 24VAC @ 0.5A triac outputs.

VLC–651R
Used for unit ventilators, fan-coils, or any application that requires multi-speed
fan or motor control. Six 10-bit universal inputs. Offers three independently
isolated, normally open, high-current relay outputs (Form-A [N.O.] Dry
Contact) in addition to two hot-switched 24VAC @ 0.5A triac outputs.

VLC–660R
Used for unit ventilators, fan-coils, or any application that requires multi-speed
fan or motor control. Offers three independently isolated, normally open, high-
current relay outputs (Form-A [N.O.] Dry Contact) in addition to three hot-
switched 24VAC @ 0.5A triac outputs.

VLC–853
Often used for central plant systems, air handling units, and large terminal units.
Eight universal inputs. Five hot-switched 24VAC @ 0.5A triac outputs and three
analog outputs switch-selectable for 0-10VDC or 4-20mA.

8 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | VLC model identification

Identifying the firmware revision

VLCs now have downloadable software (ROC file) unlike older VLCs that had a
single version of firmware burned into the CPU.

The ROC file is the brains of the device and handles all of the more complex
functions of the VLC (object support, DDC, I/O control, and so on). The ROC
file can be downloaded whenever a software upgrade is necessary.

When servicing a VLC, communicating with authorized Alerton support, or

reading documentation, you may need the firmware revision of a VLC. VLC
firmware revision information is available in software as the firmware-revision
property of the VLC Device object.

To view the firmware version of a VLC, open the Device Properties for a VLC
using a pushbutton on a display.

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004 9

Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

VLC cover dimensions

Each VLC consists of a circuit board with a plastic cover, which has screw holes
for mounting. All covers are one of three forms. Dimensions for each cover form
appear in this section.

Use this information to plan screw mounting position and depth clearance. Do
not use this information to plan overall space requirements; the size of the
circuit boards (which determines the horizontal form factor) varies by VLC and
circuit-board revision. See the Installation Instructions for your VLC for precise
maximum dimensions.

Match the VLC to the form factor using Table 2 and then refer to Figures 1–3 for
screw mounting positions.
Table 2 VLC cover form reference

VLC Cover Form

VAV–DD B
VAV–SD B
VAV-SD2A A
VLC–1188 C
VLC–1600 A
VLC–16160 C
VLC–550 B
VLC–651R A
VLC-660R A
VLC–853 A

Cover form A dimensions

Figure 1 Cover form A dimensions (VLC-853, VLC-651R, VLC-660R, VLC-1600, VAV-SD2A)

10 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | VLC cover dimensions

Cover form B dimensions

Figure 2 Cover form B dimensions (VAV–DD, VAV–SD, VLC–550)

Cover form C dimensions

Figure 3 Cover form C dimensions (VLC–16160, VLC–1188)

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004 11

Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

Mounting guidelines
Location and environment
All VLCs are suitable only for indoor mounting. If the unit must be installed in a
location exposed to weather, use a water-tight, weatherproof enclosure.

Make sure the location selected is dry and free from electrical interference. Also
ensure that there is access to the unit so technicians can:

• Terminate communications and power wiring

• Remove and replace the unit, if necessary
• Remove the cover, if necessary
• Monitor LEDs during operation

Table 3 Operating temperature range and humidity for VLCs

Operating temperature 0–158°F (-17–70°C)

Humidity 0–95% RH, non-condensing

Orientation
VLCs can be mounted in any vertical or horizontal orientation.

12 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | Identifying terminals and terminating wire

Identifying terminals and terminating wire

Each VLC label identifies wiring terminals by number and function. Terminals
are numbered from top to bottom, beginning with 1 on the upper left side of the
controller and continuing top-to-bottom on the right side of the controller. I/O
terminals carry an additional numeric identifier that corresponds to the software
I/O. Use this section to identify terminals on the VLC. See later sections for
more specific instructions, cautions, and recommendations.

Power supply terminals

Two terminals are used to connect the 24VAC power supply to the VLC. These
are always side-by-side and are likely to be located on the upper-left or right side
of the controller. See “Power supply guidelines and requirements” on page
17 for important details.

<num> - 24VAC

Terminal number Identifies the terminal for the hot leg

(always located (ungrounded) of the 24VAC circuit.
nearest to terminal).

Ground terminals
These terminals are used for terminating the grounded leg of the 24VAC circuit
or BO return grounds. Never terminate input signals to a GND terminal.

<num> - GND

Identifies the terminal for the grounded

Terminal number leg of the 24VAC circuit. Also identifies
(always located BO return ground terminals.
nearest to terminal).

Common terminals
These may be referred to as VLC ground, common ground, or input signal return
ground. They provide a low impedance connection for input circuitry to the VLC
reference ground. Use these to terminate the return ground for inputs. As a
general rule, use the COM terminal closest to the I/O terminal. See “Input wiring
and configuration tips” on page 25 for further details.

<num> - COM

Terminal number Identifies common ground (VLC ground)

(always located terminals for I/Os.
nearest to terminal).

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004 13

Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

IMPO R TAN T Input common terminals (those nearest to IN terminals) are

internally connected to a separate input ground plane. To maximize input
accuracy, always connect input return grounds only to these COM terminals. Do
not connect outputs or power grounds to input COM terminals.

Universal inputs
Use these terminals (in conjunction with adjacent COM terminals) to connect
universal inputs. Input terminals accept a variety of signal types, which may
require DIP switch or jumper settings, or the addition of resistors. See “Input
wiring and configuration tips” on page 25 and device-specific installation
instructions for more information.
<num> - IN <ID>

Identifies universal input terminals. The

Terminal number
<ID> indicates the BI and AI objects in
(always located
software that correspond to the physical
nearest to
input terminals. If the input is suitable
terminal).
for Microset or Microtouch, the
designator MSET appears beside the
input.

Binary outputs (BOs)

Use these terminals to connect BO loads (ON/OFF control). Terminate the BO
return ground to the panel/enclosure ground, which must be connected to a
known earth ground. See “Binary outputs (BOs)” on page 32 and device-
specific installation instructions for more information.

<num> - BO <ID>

Terminal number Identifies BO terminals. The <ID>

(always located indicates the BO object in software that
nearest to terminal). corresponds to the physical output
terminal. If the output has a designated
or preferred function, an indicator may
appear after the ID.

14 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | Identifying terminals and terminating wire

Analog outputs (AOs)

Use these terminals to connect AO loads (modulating control). The AO return
ground must terminate to the nearest COM terminal. Do not terminate the AO
return to any other COM terminal or to building or system ground. You may
need to configure DIP switches for the output signal type. See “Analog outputs
(AOs)” on page 34 and device-specific documentation for more information.

<num> - AO <ID>

Terminal number Identifies AO terminals. The <ID>

(always located indicates the AO object in software that
nearest to corresponds to the physical output
terminal). terminal. If the output has a designated
or preferred function, an indicator may
appear after the ID.

MS/TP LAN communications

Use these terminals (usually located on the lower left of the VLC) to connect the
BACnet MS/TP LAN to the VLC. Polarity must be maintained throughout the
entire LAN. See “MS/TP LAN configuration” on page 35 for more information.
<num> - DATA +

Terminal number Identifies positive leg of the MS/TP

(always located circuit (maintain polarity).
nearest to terminal).

<num> - DATA –

Terminal number Identifies negative leg of the MS/TP

(always located circuit (maintain polarity).
nearest to terminal).

24VDC source
Provides low-current 24VDC to power transducers or other sensors.

<num> - 24VDC

Terminal number Identifies 24VDC source output

(always located (constant, not controlled by software).
nearest to terminal).

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004 15

Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

NC
No Connection. Do not connect anything to this terminal.
<num> - NC

Terminal number No connection at this terminal.

(always located
nearest to terminal).

Using terminal blocks

All VLCs use removable, header-style termination blocks to simplify field
wiring of power, communications, and I/Os. If desired, you can remove the
terminal blocks from the circuit board, terminate wire, and reseat them when you
finish. Terminal blocks accept wire gage from 12–24AWG.

Adjustment screw

Wire slot
Terminal block

VLC header pins

Figure 4 Terminal block detail

! To terminate wire to a VLC

1. Strip approximately 1/8” of the wire jacket from the end of the wire.

2. Use a small screwdriver (1/8” max) to turn the adjustment screw fully
counter-clockwise. The clamps in the wire slot separate as you turn the
screw.

3. When the clamps in the wire slot are fully open, insert the stripped end
of the wire into it (try to get the jacket flush with the terminal block). If
using stranded wire, be sure to insert all strands into the wire slot. If
terminating multiple wires, trim wires to same length and tightly twist
exposed wire together.

4. Hold the wire in place and turn the adjustment screw clockwise to
tighten it until the clamps in the wire slot secure the wire.
5. Tug gently on the wire to ensure that it’s securely terminated.

16 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | Power supply guidelines and requirements

Power supply guidelines and requirements

BACtalk VLCs use 24VAC power from a UL Listed Class 2 24VAC transformer
(not provided).

VLCs use a half-wave rectifier to convert the AC power supply to onboard

power. This enables multiple VLCs with half-wave power supplies to be
powered from a single, grounded transformer.

WAR N IN G Half-wave devices and full-wave devices must not use the same
AC transformer. If a VLC will share its power supply with another device,
make sure that the other device utilizes a half-wave rectifier and that polarity of
wiring is maintained.

VLC Power
Terminals
Diode
24VAC + DC Voltage
Capacitor
GND COM

Figure 5 Internal VLC power wiring schematic, half-wave rectifier

Understanding VLC power ratings

Each VLC’s label shows the minimum and maximum current draw in volts
ampere (VA). The minimum applies when the VLC supports no binary output
(BO) loads. If the VLC supports AOs, the minimum VA rating includes the draw
of all AO loads energized at maximum rating. The maximum power draw is the
minimum VA rating plus the power draw when all BOs are energized at
maximum capacity.

Take the example of the power rating for a VLC–1188.

24VAC @ 20VA min./110VA max.

Maximum rating is the

minimum plus all BOs
Required voltage energized at maximum.
from transformer.
Minimum rating is the power draw with no
BOs energized and all AOs and power
source outputs (if applicable) at maximum.

No te For VAV-series VLCs, the maximum VA rating accounts for only one
actuator BO to be energized at a time.

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004 17

Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

Selecting a transformer
The safest way to size a transformer is to ensure that the sum of the maximum
VA load rating listed on the cover of each VLC is less than 85% of the
Nameplate VA rating of the transformer. Even if all outputs are not presently
used, this ensures that each VLC has sufficient power for future equipment
additions.

Power supply grounding and wiring

When connecting power to the VLC, ensure that one leg of the VAC secondary
circuit connects to a known earth ground at the panel/enclosure. Also ensure that
the GND terminal or ground lug on the VLC connects to the same known earth
ground.

Supplying a high-quality ground connection to a VLC and then properly

connecting the VLC to the ground is one of the most important things you can do
to ensure a trouble-free installation.

See Figure 6 on page 19 for proper power grounding techniques.

The 24VAC secondary leads are not interchangeable. Once a lead connects to
the GND terminal on the VLC, it is the grounded lead. Observe and maintain
polarity for subsequent connections. The GND terminal provides a reference
ground for the circuit board and communications wiring. Use 18 AWG cable for
best results.

WAR N IN G Ensure that all VLC power, communications, and I/O cabling are
grounded according to these instructions and device-specific installation
instructions. Failure to follow these instructions may result in VLC operational
and communication failures or equipment damage.

18 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | Power supply guidelines and requirements

Proper grounding for single VLC

UL listed Wrong!
24VAC VLC power 24VAC
Transformer VLC Power
transformer terminals Terminals

24VAC
Line

24VAC GND

Fused primary
GND
Wrong!
24VAC
Transformer VLC Power
Terminals

24VAC
Line

GND

Panel/enclosure ground. Must connect to

known earth ground. WARNING! Grounding the circuit leg
connected to the 24VAC terminal on
the VLC causes communication
problems and may damage the VLC.

Proper grounding for multiple VLCs powered from the same transformer

VLC power
terminals

24VAC

GND

UL listed
24VAC
transformer VLC power
terminals

24VAC
Fused primary

GND

Panel/enclosure ground. Must

connect to known earth ground.

Figure 6 VLC grounding

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004 19

Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

Power supply wire selection

If you are considering long power supply wiring runs, using the right wire size is
critical. If the wire is too small, the resistance may be too high, resulting in a low
voltage supply to the VLC(s). This is known as line loss. The wire size is based
on the length of the wire run and the current draw of the VLCs to be powered.
Use Figure 7 to determine wire size; obtain additional information from the
transformer manufacturer.
100
VA

10

12 AWG

14 AWG

16 AWG

22 AWG 20 AWG 18 AWG

1
10 100 1000 10000

Feet of Wire

Figure 7 Wire recommendations for VLC power supply based on maximum current draw and distance
between transformer and VLC

Example 100

You need to power a VLC-550 (65 65VA

VA max.) and the transformer is 110

ft. from the VLC.
To determine the wire type to use:
[Link] the maximum current draw of the
VA

VLC (for the VLC-550, this is 65 VA). 10

[Link] the intersection of 65VA on the

vertical (y) axis of the chart and 110 ft. on
12 AWG
the horizontal (x) axis.
[Link] the diagonal line to the right of the 14 AWG
intersection point. In this case, this is the
12 AWG wire line. Use 12 AWG wire or 16 AWG

larger. (A smaller AWG designation 20 AWG 18 AWG

22 AWG
indicates larger wire.) 1
10 100 1000 10000

110 ft. Feet of Wire

20 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | About VLC inputs

About VLC inputs

Universal inputs on VLCs can accept a variety of input types. Typically, a sensor,
transducer, or other device produces an output signal that is wired to an input
terminal on the VLC.

Inputs on most VLCs can be configured to accept:

• Resistance (10k ohm or 3k ohm thermistors or potentiometers). See

page 27.
• Voltage (0–10VDC, 0–5VDC). See page 30.
• Current (4–20mA). See page 29.
• Dry contact. See page 28.
• Solid-state (transistor) switch. See page 30.
• Pulse-type inputs. See page 31.

Depending on the application and VLC, the setup for an input will be done in
software and may include the configuration of DIP switches or jumpers on the
VLC. Some applications may require the addition of resistors or other electrical
hardware to produce a usable signal.

Electrical characteristics of VLC input circuits

Each VLC has an onboard input filter and a 10-bit analog to digital (A/D)
converter that converts the electrical input signal to counts. Count refers to the
number in software that results from the A/D conversion.

The figures in this section depict rough internal wiring schematics for VLC
inputs with no jumper or DIP and those with jumpers or DIPs. This information
may be useful when evaluating or installing sensors and transducers.

Universal Input with no jumper or DIP

Important: 4–20 mA inputs require an
external 250Ω 1/4W ±1% precision
resistor wired across IN and COM.
+Vref

10KΩ
res.
A/D
IN Input Filter
Converter

COM
-Vref

Input Ground Plane

Figure 8 Internal wiring schematic for universal input on VLCs with no jumper

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004 21

Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

Jumper or DIP set to 0–5 VDC or 4–20 mA

Important: 4–20 mA inputs require an +Vref
external 249Ω 1/4W ±1% precision (5.12 VDC)
resistor wired across IN and COM.

IN A/D
Input Filter
Converter

COM
-Vref

Input Ground Plane

Jumper or DIP set to thermistor /dry contact

+Vref
(5.12 VDC)

10KΩ
res .
A/D
IN Input Filter
Converter

COM
-Vref

Input Ground Plane

Jumper set to 0–10 VDC

IN
+Vref
(5.12 VDC)
10KΩ
Res.

A/D
Input Filter
Converter

10KΩ
Res.
COM
-Vref

Input Ground Plane

Figure 9 Internal VLC wiring schematic for DIP-switch or jumper configurable

universal inputs

22 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | Scaling inputs in software

Scaling inputs in software

This topic provides a reference for hardware and software setup of inputs in
BACtalk. See the BACtalk Systems Programmer’s Guide and Reference (LTBT-
TM-PRGRMR) for more information about treatment of inputs in software.
Inputs are converted from raw counts to an appropriate range (for example, 0–
100%RH or 50–100 degrees F) using either the Analog Input Setup screen of
VLC DDC or VisualLogic.
Ta ble 4 Input setup quick reference

AI type
DIP switch or Acceptable
Input device setting in Remarks
jumper setting inputs
software
Dry Contact, Therm/Dry Contact Counts All The present-value of the BI associated with the
Switch physical input is either ON or OFF (IN-1
corresponds to BI-1 and so on). An AI is associated
with the physical input as well; it typically reads
near 0 when closed (ON).
Built-in trigger and restore values determine when
the BI transitions ON and OFF. ON ≤ 448 counts,
OFF ≥ 512 counts, unchanged between 449 and
511 counts.
Caution! Dry contact inputs on IN-0/MSET are not
recommended. If a dry contact must be used on
this input, wire a resistor in series with the contact.
Any resistor in the range 250–470 ohm should be
sufficient; a 470 ohm resistor is recommended.

0–5VDC inputs 0–5VDC or Scaled or All Use a Scaled AI Type and enter range and zero
4–20mAa Counts values to convert the AI to a range prior to
processing in DDC. Counts go from 0–4000 as
the signal goes from 0–5VDC. Use the following
formula to calculate range and zero: AI = Zero +
(Input * Range/ 4096). Where “input” is pre-scaled
input counts.
Note A lower impedance input signal results in a
higher degree of input accuracy.

4–20mA inputs 0–5VDC or Scaled All 250 ohm 1/4W ±1% precision resistor required
4–20mAa externally across input and common.
Input counts go from 0–4000 as the signal goes
from 0–20mA. At 4mA, the input reads 800 counts;
at 20mA the input reads 4000 counts. Use a
Scaled AI Type and enter range and zero values to
correct to a 4–20mA range. Use the following
formula to calculate zero and range: (AI = Zero +
(Input * Range/ 4096). Where “input” is pre-scaled
input counts.
For example, to get an AI range of 0–100%RH with
an RH sensor that reads 4mA at 0% RH and 20mA
at 100% RH, zero = -25 and range = 125.

0–10VDC, 0–10VDC Scaled or All Use a Scaled AI Type and enter range and zero
available only Counts values to convert the AI to a range prior to
on: processing in DDC (AI = Zero + (Input * Range/
4096)). Counts go from 0–4000 as the input
VLC-1188
goes from 0–10VDC.
VLC-853
Important!
VLC-1600
A lower impedance input signal results in a higher
VLC-550 degree of input accuracy.

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Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

Ta ble 4 Input setup quick reference (continued)

AI type
DIP switch or Acceptable
Input device setting in Remarks
jumper setting inputs
software
3k Ohm Therm/Dry Contact 3K All No conversion required. AI reports degrees F or C
accordingly for English or metric setup.

BACtalk Mset. Therm/Dry Contact 10K 0 No conversion required. AI reports degrees F or C

Mtouch. accordingly for English or metric setup. Do not use
input filtering.

10k Ohm Therm/Dry Contact 10K All No conversion required. AI reports degrees F or C
accordingly for English or metric setup.

Resistance Therm/Dry Contact Scaled or All Use raw counts or select a Scaled AI Type and
Counts enter range and zero values to convert the AI to a
range prior to processing in DDC.

Pulse-type Inputs
Note: Wire the pulse meter to a physical input for each type of pulse data you use: for example, Flow on IN-1, Totalizer on IN-2,
and Frequency on IN-3.
Pulse Input Technical Data: The pulse-input circuitry uses three of the CPU’s hardware timers. The pulse width range is 10 ms
to 327 seconds. Use dry contacts suitable for low current (gold contacts) or a transistor switch connected between the input and
VLC common. The pulse width is measured from successive trailing edges of consecutive pulses.

Flowb Therm/Dry Contact Pulse Width 1,2,3 Use this setup when you want the present-value of
(VisualLogic) the pulse input to measure the current flow
reading—gallons per minute, for example. Set the
Not available input as a Pulse Width or Pulse Flow Meter and set
Pulse Flow on VAV Units to the unit of measure desired.
Meter VLCs.
Zero (Time Base) Enter the time base, which is the
(VLC DDC)
number of seconds in the unit of measure for flow.
For example, for gallons per minute, time base =
60; for liters per second, time base = 1.
Range (Pulse Value) Enter the number of units per
pulse. For example, enter 10 for 10 gallons per
pulse.

Totalizer b Therm/Dry Contact Pulse Totalizer 1,2,3 Use this setup when you want the present-value of
the pulse input to maintain a running total of
consumption. Set the input as a Pulse Totalizer and
Not available set Units to the desired unit of measure.
on VAV
Zero (Time Base) Not used.
VLCs.
Range (Pulse Value) For the pulse value, enter
the number of units per pulse. For example, range
= 10 for 10 gallons per pulse.

Frequency b Therm/Dry Contact Frequency 1,2,3 Use this setup when you want the present-value to
represent pulses per second. Set the input as
Frequency. Units are usually set to Hertz (Hz). The
Not available measurable frequency range is 0.003–100 Hz.
on VAV
VLCs.

a. The VAV-SD2A has no jumper or DIP switch for input configuration; however, scaling and treatment of the input signal
in DDC are the same as for any other 5.12V reference VLC.
b. VLC-651R and VLC-660R only support pulse inputs on IN-1 and IN-2.

24 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | Input wiring and configuration tips

Input wiring and configuration tips

This topic provides tips, wiring diagrams, and application notes for the most
commonly encountered input types.

Wire shields and shield grounding

Shielded, 18AWG wire is required for all inputs and analog outputs to reduce
electrical interference (noise). A single-point grounding scheme that uses the
transformer or panel ground is optimum. Ground only one end of the shield drain
wire. See the figures in this topic for details.

WAR N IN G Do not ground shields to any terminal on the VLC because any
signal on the shield will be routed through the VLC circuit board to earth ground.

BACtalk Microset

Part numbers
MS 1010 BT, MS 1010H BT, MS 1020 BT, MS 1020H BT, MS 1030 BT, MS
1030H BT.

A BACtalk Microset™ has a two-conductor connection to a VLC. Each VLC has

a special input terminal for the Microset, typically IN 0. The black wire connects
to the terminal labeled IN 0/MSET; the white wire terminates to COM. The
Microset uses a 10k ohm thermistor for its space temperature sensor.

Shielded, 18AWG wire is required for Microset connections. With Alerton-

recommended wire, the maximum distance is 250 ft.

No te Three-wire IBEX Microsets are not acceptable for use in BACtalk

applications.

Shielded, 18 AWG. 250 ft. max.

Black 1 - IN 0/MSET

White 2- COM

VLC Terminals
Microset One side of shield to ground.

Figure 10 Basic Microset wiring and terminations

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Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

BACtalk Microset II

Part numbers
MS 2000, MS 2000H

The Microset II has a three-conductor connection to the VLC. The additional

orange lead connects to 24 VAC to power the backlight for the LCD. The black
wire connects to the terminal labeled IN 0/MSET; the white wire terminates to
COM. The orange wire terminates to 24 VAC. The Microset uses a 10k ohm
thermistor for its space temperature sensor.

Shielded, 18-22AWG wire is required for Microset II connections. With

Alerton-recommended wire, the maximum distance is 1000 ft.

Shielded, 18–22 AWG.

1000 ft. max.

Orange 24 VAC

Black
IN 0/MSET

White
COM

VLC Terminals
Microset II
One side of shield to ground.

Figure 11 Basic Microset II wiring and terminations

26 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | Input wiring and configuration tips

BACtalk Microtouch

Part Number
TS 1050 BT

A BACtalk Microtouch™ has a three-conductor connection to all VLCs. It uses

two input terminals, typically IN 0 and IN 1, and a COM terminal. The yellow
wire (10k ohm space temperature thermistor) terminates to IN 0, the white wire
(ground) terminates to COM, and the red wire (setpoint bias) usually terminates
to IN 1. The setpoint bias potentiometer is a 5k ohm single-turn potentiometer
that reads 1.9k ohm –2.8k ohm as the setpoint bias lever travels from the C to H
position.

Shielded, 18AWG wire is required for Microtouch connections. With Alerton-

recommended wire, the maximum distance is 250 ft.

Jumpers and DIP switches (if applicable) for both inputs should be set to
Thermistor/Dry Contact.

Shielded, 18 AWG. 250 ft. max.

H Yellow IN 0/MSET

C White COM

Red
IN 1
Microtouch
One side of shield
to ground. VLC

Figure 12 Basic Microtouch wiring and terminations

Resistive inputs (thermistors and potentiometers)

When measuring resistive input values, an infinitely great resistance (an open)
results in a count near the top of the full range, while an infinitely small
resistance (a short) results in a count of 0.

Shielded, 18-22 AWG wire is required.

If a jumper or DIP switch is present, set it to Thermistor/Dry Contact.

Wire the potentiometer leads across the desired IN terminal and the adjacent
COM terminal (no polarity).

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Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

Thermistors
10k ohm thermistors are the most common resistive input types and are
recommended for all temperature sensing applications; BACtalk wall, duct, and
immersion sensors, Microsets, Microset II, and Microtouches use 10k ohm
thermistors. 3k ohm thermistors are also common. Both 10k ohm and 3k ohm
thermistors have a software setup in Envision for BACtalk that eliminates the
need for custom scaling. You simply specify the type of thermistor and the input
reports degrees F or degrees C as appropriate.

Potentiometers
10k ohm potentiometers are highly recommended for all applications because
they yield the best resolution. As the potentiometer moves from 0–10k ohm, raw
counts move through half of the full range. Application conditions and the
precision rating of the potentiometer may cause variations. Always confirm the
raw count reading when the potentiometer is at minimum and at maximum. Then
scale the input in software with appropriate range and zero values.

Counts vs. resistance

Use the following equation to calculate the theoretical count in software that
results from a given resistance: Count = (4096 x R)/(10,000 + R)

Dry contact inputs

Dry contact inputs are electrically identical to resistive inputs: an open contact
(OFF) ideally results in a count of 4000, and a closed contact (ON) a count of 0.
In software, built-in trigger and restore values determine when the binary input
(BI) transitions ON and OFF:

• BI = ON when raw counts ≤ 448.

• BI = OFF when raw counts ≥ 512.
• BI is unchanged when raw counts are in the range 449–511.

Test to ensure that the contact produces appropriate count values as wired to
produce ON and OFF signals.

Shielded, 18-22 AWG wire is required.

If a jumper or DIP switch is present, set it to Thermistor/Dry Contact.

Wire the input leads across the desired IN terminal and the adjacent COM
terminal (no polarity).

CA U TIO N Dry Contacts are not supported on the IN-0/MSET input on VLCs
prior to ROC file v4.02. If you use a Dry Contact on the IN-0/MSET input in
VLCs with ROC file v4.02, always wire a resistor in series with the dry contact
to prevent a dead short, which could cause the CPU to reset. A resistance value
between 250-470 ohms (470 ohms recommended) will provide enough
resistance to prevent a reset, but not enough to cause any problems with BI
readings. Additionally, you must set the Microset Detection flag (in VisualLogic)
OFF to prevent invalid BI readings.

28 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | Input wiring and configuration tips

4–20 mA inputs
All 4–20mA inputs require an external 250 ohm 1/4W ±1% precision resistor
wired across the IN and COM terminals. The addition of the resistor converts the
4–20mA signal to a 1–5VDC signal to be used by the VLC.

Shielded, 18-22 AWG wire is required.

If a jumper or DIP switch is present, set it to 0–5VDC/4–20mA. If no jumper or

DIP switch is present, the setup can only be done in software.

A = 250Ω ¼W ±1% VLC

Precision Resistor Terminals

2-wire 4-20 mA Device

(Power from VLC)

IN
A
+ COM

- VDC AUX

One side of shield to

ground.

4-wire 4-20 mA Device

External
24VAC Power
Supply*

VAC + IN
A

VAC - COM

One side of shield to

ground.

*Do not use control transformer powering the VLC because 4-wire
devices typically incorporate full-wave rectified power in their circuitry.
Verify with particular mfg./model.

2-wire 4-20mA Device

(External Power Supply)
IN
A
+ COM

– VDC AUX
One side of
shield to ground.
+ –

External 24 VDC
Power Supply

Figure 13 Typical 4–20mA wiring scenarios

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Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

0–5VDC inputs
For two-wire devices, connect the signal output (typically identified as Signal,
Output +, or +) to the appropriate IN terminal on the VLC and the output
common (typically identified as Output Common, Output –, or –) to the nearest
COM terminal. For three-wire devices, the 24VDC terminal can provide the
power source (250mA max. draw).

Shielded, 18AWG wire is required.

If a jumper or DIP switch is present, set it to 0–5VDC/4–20mA. If no jumper or

DIP switch is present, the setup can only be done in software.

0–5 VDC Device VLC Terminals

SIG IN

–
COM
+
24VDC

One side of shield to ground.

Figure 14 Basic 0–5VDC wiring and terminations

IMPO R TAN T A lower impedance input signal results in a higher degree of

input accuracy.

0–10VDC inputs
0–10VDC devices should be connected only to inputs that have a jumper setting
specifically for 0–10VDC. 0–5VDC devices are preferred in all circumstances,
where available, because they provide better accuracy.

Shielded, 18-22 AWG wire is required.

If an onboard jumper exists, it employs a signal divider (see Figure 9 on page 22)
to create a 0–5VDC signal, effectively halving the 0–10VDC signal.

Scale the input in software with the appropriate range and zero values for your
application.

Solid-state switch inputs

Solid-state (transistor) switches can be wired to VLC input terminals. The switch
should be listed as acceptable for switching DC currents or for direct connection
to programmable logic controllers (PLC) or DDC controllers. The DC switch
should use a transistor on the output.

Shielded, 18 AWG wire is required. When wiring these types of switches to a

VLC input, make sure to maintain polarity. Also ensure that the switch’s ON and
OFF states produce input counts appropriate to switch the BI in software. Off-
state leakage (if present) or other factors may result in inappropriate software
counts. Refer to the information under “Dry contact inputs” on page 28 for these
threshold values.

30 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | Input wiring and configuration tips

If a jumper or DIP switch is present, set it to Thermistor/Dry Contact. If no

jumper or DIP switch is present, the setup can only be done in software.

WAR N IN G Do not use solid-state switches with an AC output. Do not use

solid-state inputs on IN-0.

Pulse-type inputs
Pulse-type inputs can only be wired to IN 1, IN 2, or IN 3 on VLCs. VLCs that
carry the VAV designation do not support pulse-type inputs. (VLC-651R and
VLC-660R only support pulse inputs on IN-1 and IN-2.)

Shielded, 18 AWG wire is required.

Three types of pulse-type inputs can be used: flow, totalizer, or frequency. If you
want to use two or all pulse information types per meter, the meter must be wired
to a physical input for each type of pulse data used: for example, flow on IN-1,
totalizer on IN-2, and frequency on IN-3.
Pulse output device VLC terminals

IN x

COM

IN x
One side of shield to ground.

COM

IN x

Figure 15 Pulse device wired to three inputs for flow, totalizer, and frequency

The pulse-input circuitry uses three of the CPU’s hardware timers. The pulse-
width range is 10ms to 327 seconds. Pulse width is measured from successive
trailing edges of consecutive pulses.

Pulse 3
Pulse 2 (100 ms)
Pulse 1 (60 ms)
(80 ms)

Figure 16 Pulse width measurement in a VLC

The device that generates pulse data should use dry contacts suitable for low
current (gold contacts) or a solid-state (transistor) switch. If the VLC has a
jumper or DIP switch, set it to Thermistor/Dry Contact.

CA U TIO N High-frequency (approximately 100Hz) pulse inputs may cause up

to a 50% error in the reported rate and consumption values for the sample in
which the error occurred. Avoid high-frequency pulse inputs whenever possible.

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Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

Binary outputs (BOs)

Except for specific BOs on the VAV-SD, VAVi-SD, and VAV-DD, which are
ground-switched for damper motor control, all BO terminals are hot-switched,
optically coupled triac outputs rated 24VAC @ 0.5 A.

See Figure 18 on page 33 for a diagram of wiring for the VAV-SD and VAV-DD.
See Figure 19 on page 33 for a diagram of wiring on the VAV-SD2A.

Ground the BO return to the transformer or panel ground rather than the GND
terminal on the VLC. This helps reduce the chance of noise from contactors,
motors, VFDs, and other devices returning to the VLC (see Figure 17, Figure 18,
and Figure 19).

See the installation instructions provided with your specific device for more
information about specific wiring requirements.
VLC terminals

BO x BO
loads

GND

BO x

GND

Return ground (–)

BO x
UL listed
24 VAC
transformer

24 VAC

GND

Panel/enclosure ground. Must

connect to known earth ground.

Figure 17 Typical BO wiring scenario

32 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | Binary outputs (BOs)

VAV-SD or VAV-DD

BO x
c Fan or heat
contactor
GND
Panel/enclosure ground. Must
connect to known earth ground.
BO 3 (MTR OPEN)

MTR HOT VAV actuator

BO 4 (MTR CLOSE)

Figure 18 Typical BO wiring for hot-switched output and ground-switched

output on VAV-SD and VAV-DD

VAV-SD2A
terminals

GND

BO x Fan or heat
contactor

Panel/enclosure
ground. Must
BO 4 (CLOSE) connect to known
earth ground.

VAV actuator

Figure 19 Typical BO wiring for VAV-SD2A (all outputs hot-switched)

BO status LEDs
BO terminals have an adjacent LED that is ON when the corresponding BO is
ON. These LEDs are useful to confirm VLC operation during commissioning,
check out, and fault isolation.

An illuminated LED indicates the BO is ON.

Figure 20 BO status LEDs

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Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

Analog outputs (AOs)

AOs provide an electrical output signal in response to a software control signal
of 0–100. For VLCs with AOs, the AO is typically configured with DIP switches
to provide either a current (0–20mA) or voltage (0–10VDC) output.

Shielded, 18 AWG wire is required for all AO connections. A single-point

grounding scheme that uses the transformer or panel ground is required. Ground
only one side of the shield drain wire.

WAR N IN G Do not ground shields to any terminal on the VLC because any
signal on the shield will be routed through the VLC circuit board to earth ground.

For current outputs, a 4–20mA signal is achieved by scaling the 0–100 output
signal in software to a 20–100 signal with Function 45: Two-point Linear
Converter. The same method can be used to obtain a 2–10VDC signal if
necessary.

Wire the AO common to the nearest output COM terminal on the VLC.

IMPO R TAN T Do not wire AO common to input COM terminals.

VLC terminals Controlled device

AO 0

COM

AO 1
One side of shield to ground.

Figure 21 Typical AO wiring scenario

34 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | MS/TP LAN configuration

MS/TP LAN configuration

VLCs communicate on the site-wide BACnet system over a twisted-pair MS/TP
LAN, which uses the RS–485 signaling standard. VLCs are master devices on
the MS/TP LAN.

Each VLC employs a high-quality RS–485 transceiver and exerts ¼ unit load on
the MS/TP LAN.
Table 5 MS/TP LAN facts
Transmission speed 9.6, 19.2, 38.4, or 76.8Kbps (configured at global controller).

Layout Bus.

Cabling BACnet specifies the following. Shielded, twisted-pair cabling

with characteristic impedance between 100 and 130Ω.
Distributed capacitance between conductors must be less than
30 pF/foot (100 pF/m). Distributed capacitance between
conductor and shield must be less than 60 pF/foot (200 pF/m).
Foil or braided shield acceptable.
Alerton recommends Connect Air # W221P-2554, which
Alerton has tested and found to perform well.

Segment length 4000 ft. (1071 m.) per segment using recommended wire.

Maximum devices Depends on classification of devices as master or slave.

overall Maximum number of master devices is 128. Maximum number
of slave devices or devices overall (mixed master and slave) is
255. This includes VLCs, BACtalk global controllers (all are
considered masters) and any other devices, regardless of their
relative unit loads.

Maximum devices per Depends on relative unit load of devices (see “Determining the
segment number of devices an MS/TP LAN will support” on page 35).

Repeaters Required when making runs longer than 4000 ft. Three
repeaters maximum between any two devices.

Terminating resistors Matched resistors required at each end of segment bus wired
across (+) and (–). Use matched resistors rated 120 ohm ¼W
±5%.

Shield grounding Ground shield drain wire at single point earth (panel) ground,
not VLC ground. Tape off shield drain wire at other end. Tie
shield drain wire through at each VLC.

Determining the number of devices an MS/TP LAN will support

To understand the number and type of devices an MS/TP LAN will support, you
need to understand some key terms with respect to the MS/TP LAN: device,
segment, master, slave, and unit load. Keep the following terms and guidelines
in mind when designing your MS/TP LAN.

Device
A physically discrete electronic device connected to the MS/TP LAN. This
includes VLCs, repeaters, BTIs, and other BACnet-compliant devices.

Segment
A continuous run of MS/TP LAN cabling, which has no signal intervention (for
example, a repeater). A single MS/TP LAN can be composed of a number of
segments.

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Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

Master and slave

A master is any device on an MS/TP LAN with a conformance class 3 rating or
higher; a slave is any device on an MS/TP LAN with a conformance class 2
rating or lower. All BACtalk MS/TP devices are masters.

Unit load
With respect to the EIA–485 standard, unit load is a measurement of the relative
electrical load of a device on the communications circuit—in this case, the MS/
TP LAN. A device, for instance, could count as 1/4 unit load, 1/2 unit load, or 1
unit load.

The MS/TP LAN supports 255 devices overall (masters and slaves), with a
maximum of 128 master devices. Include the global controller as a master device
in your calculation.

The MS/TP LAN supports 32 unit loads per segment. Include a BACtalk
Repeater as 1/4 unit load on each segment to which it connects; count a global
controller as 1/4 unit load on its segment. Isolated MS/TP Repeaters count as 1
and 1/4 unit load: 1 unit load on the isolated segment and 1/4 unit load on the
non-isolated segment.

The maximum number of devices supported per segment is greater if you use
Alerton VLCs. Because each VLC employs a high-quality EIA–485 transceiver,
its unit load equals 1/4 on the MS/TP LAN. Repeaters may not be needed unless
MS/TP LAN distances are a concern.

Thus, each segment will physically support a maximum of 128 Alerton devices.
When you mix VLCs and other manufacturer’s devices, count each of the other
manufacturer’s devices as an entire unit load unless stated otherwise by the
manufacturer.
LAN—15 devices

Segment 1—4¼ unit loads Segment 2—2 unit loads

¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼
1 1 1

Global V V V V V V V V V V
Controller L L Other L L Other L L L Rep. Other L L L
C C Mfg C C Mfg C C C Mfg
C C C

Figure 22 Relative unit load of BACtalk VLCs, repeaters, and the devices on a BACnet MS/TP LAN

36 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | MS/TP LAN configuration

Setting the MS/TP MAC address

DIP switches on the VLC are used to set the unit’s MAC address. Each VLC on
an MS/TP LAN must have a unique MAC address in the range 0–127 (addresses
0 and 127 are often reserved for the BACtalk global controller).

! To set the MS/TP MAC address of a VLC

1. Find an unused MAC address on the MS/TP LAN to which the VLC
connects.

2. Locate the DIP switch bank on the VLC for addressing. This is labeled
ADDR or ADDRESS.

3. With the VLC powered down, set the DIP switches for the MAC
Address you want. Add the value of DIP switches set to ON to
determine the MAC address. Use Table 6.

Table 6 DIP switch values for MS/TP LAN MAC address

DIP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Value 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128

IMPO R TAN T Using switch 8 will cause the VLC to be a slave device.

Terminating MS/TP LAN cabling

MS/TP terminations (labeled Data + and Data –) are usually located on the lower
left side of the VLC.

Maintain polarity of the MS/TP wire run throughout the MS/TP LAN.

No te Basic information about MS/TP terminations at the VLC are provided

here. See the BACtalk System Design Guide (LTBT-TM-SYSDSGN) for more
detailed information and limitations with respect to MS/TP LANs—distance
requirements, unit loads, repeater architectures, etc.

MS/TP shield grounding

Proper shield grounding of the MS/TP cabling can help minimize the risk of
communications problems and damage to equipment because of transient
voltage spikes (for example, lightning strikes).

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004 37

Installation and Operations Guide | VLCs

Follow the guidelines in this topic for grounding MS/TP cable shields.

COM
DATA +
DATA –

Figure 23 Shield drain tie through and MS/TP termination detail at mid-
segment VLC

• Each MS/TP segment should have a single point of shield ground,

preferably as close to the middle of the cabling run as possible (see
Figure 24).
• Do not ground the MS/TP shield using a VLC terminal.
• Never ground both ends of a shield because differences in potential
between the grounds may induce current on the shield, causing
interference.
• At connecting points of termination, tie the shield through with a wire
nut as shown in Figure 23.
• At ungrounded, exposed shield points (the end of a segment), tape back
the shield to the wire jacket or, for optimum transient shunting, use
100V gas discharge tubes or 120V MOVs between the shield and
ground. See Figure 24

Figure 24 MS/TP shield drain termination and tie through

38 © Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004

 Installation and Operations Guide | MS/TP LAN configuration

Terminating resistors
At the last device on each end of the MS/TP segment, matched terminating
resistors wired across Data + and Data – are required for signal integrity (see
Figure 25).

Optimum segment performance typically requires “tuning,” a process by which

the value of the terminating resistors is selected based on the wave form of
signals on the segment. View wave forms using an industrial scope meter. The
goal is to have as square a wave form as possible with an amplitude greater than
200 mV. Resistors affect the wave form as follows:

• When the resistance value decreases, the amplitude of the wave form
decreases and becomes more square.
• When the resistance value increases, the amplitude of the wave form
increases and becomes less square.

Typically, precision resistors in the range 80-120 ohms (+1%) yield acceptable
results.

CA U TIO N Do not mismatch terminating resistors. Ensure that both resistors

on a segment have the same value.

Figure 25 Terminating resistor detail at end-of-segment VLC

Communications status LED

Each VLC has an LED, labeled STATUS, that indicates the status of
communications on the MS/TP LAN.

Loader - No ROC (LED will be normally ON)

• One flash (OFF) - No communication detected
• Two flashes (OFF) - Only token passing detected
• Three flashes (OFF) - Message request being sent to the unit
• Four flashes (OFF) - ROC download in progress

With ROC (LED will be normally OFF)

• One flash (ON) - No communication detected
• Two flashes (ON) - Only token passing detected
• Three flashes (ON) - Message request being sent to the unit

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004 39

© Novar Controls Corporation. All Rights Reserved. LTBT-TM-GEN4VLC Rev. 0004