TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
ANKOR® 1120 R
Bright chromium plating process for recycled electrolytes
Process Code: 13061/003
IMDS Number: 756617/3
DESCRIPTION
The bright chromium plating process ANKOR 1120 R belongs to the category of mixed acid
type chrome electrolytes. With this process, it is possible to obtain decorative and bright
chrome deposits.
Its main field of application is the bright chromium plating of fittings and plastics of a crack-
free, micro-cracked and/or micro-porous type.
Since replenishment of the catalyst and chromic acid concentration are done separately, it is
especially suitable for recycled electrolytes.
READ ENTIRE TECHNICAL DATA SHEET BEFORE USING THIS PRODUCT
FEATURES & BENEFITS
Features Benefits
Bright deposits provide high wear- and Meets automotive and general requirements
corrosion resistance for decorative Chromium layers
Robust process with a wide working Suitable for complex components
window
Approved layer characteristic Suitable for crack-free, micro-porous and
micro-cracked layer systems
OPERATING PARAMETERS
Parameter Range Optimum
Temperature [°C] 35.0 – 45.0 40.0
Current Density [A/dm2] 10.0 – 20.0 15.0
Anodic Current Density 10.0 – 20.0
Voltage [V] 6.0 – 12.0
ANKOR® 1120 R
Technical Data Sheet – Process Code: 13061/003
Issue: 16 August 2016 Version: 2.0 Page 1 of 8
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
Composition of the Electrolyte
Range Optimum
Standard Make-up
Chromic acid [g/L] 280 – 350 300.0
Sulfuric acid in relation to chromic acid [%] 0.4 – 0.8 0.4
ANKOR 1120 F [mL/L] 30 – 40 35
Density [g/cm³] [°Bé] 1.21 (25) 1.21 (25)
MAKE UP PROCEDURE
To make-up 100 L ANKOR 1120 R one needs:
Order Additive Standard
1 Chromic acid, crystalline 30.0 kg
2 Sulfuric acid, chem. pure 96 %, δ = 1.83 g/mL 0.07 L
3 ANKOR 1120 F 2.00 L
1. After cleaning the plating tank (MB 0056 „Cleaning of Electrolyte Tanks prior to Taking
into use“) pour in about 70 L demineralised water pro 100 L electrolyte volume and heat
up to 50 °C.
2. The chromic acid is to be dissolved therein with using agitation.
3. Once the chromic acid has been completely dissolved, sulfuric acid and ANKOR 1120 F
should be added
4. After this top-up to the final volume.
5. The electrolyte will be ready-for-use as soon as the prescribed temperature has been
reached.
Further details may be gleaned from our information Leaflet MB 1315 „Make-Up and
Maintenance of Chrome Electrolytes”.
Function and characteristics of the products
Make-up and regeneration is done with ANKOR 1120 F, chromic acid and sulfuric acid. The
make-up quantity is dependent on the chromic acid concentration to be used.
A high chromic acid concentration will enable better deposition coverage, and will make it
possible to apply higher current densities.
In such cases, where drag-out losses are kept low and good throwing power is not important
because of the articles are of a simple geometric shape, then it is also possible to operate
the electrolyte with low chromic acid concentrations.
ANKOR® 1120 R
Technical Data Sheet – Process Code: 13061/003
Issue: 16 August 2016 Version: 2.0 Page 2 of 8
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
Sulfuric acid and ANKOR 1120 F both act as catalysts, thereby enabling perfect chromium
deposits.
By addition of 2 mL/L ANKOR Dyne 30 MS to a chrome solution, the surface tension of the
electrolyte is reduced, from nearly 70 mN/m to 33 mN/m. Spray is typically prevented when
surface tension drops below 40 mN/m.
Nevertheless it is beneficial to drop the surface tension significantly below 40mN/m for best
results and entire elimination of chrome mist. When surface tension is kept at 33 mN/m, the
consumption rate is lower than operating the product close to 40 mN/m. With the first
appearance of spray a lot of surfactant is taken from the process solution.
Depending on the user specific situation a surface tension below 33 mN/m can be chosen
for operation to further improve the emission situation.
The concentration of ANKOR Dyne 30 MS in the process solution can be determined by
measuring the surface tension with a ring tensiometer or bubble pressure method.
Please Note:
Dosing of ANKOR Dyne 30 MS (diluted 1:1) is recommended in small steps of 0.5 mL/L
while monitoring the surface tension until the desired level is achieved.
Please reference the Technical Data Sheet ANKOR Dyne 30 MS for further information.
Depending on the range of articles being plated, and the plant conditions applicable it is
quite possible that the sulphate concentration in the solution may gradually increase due to
drag-in. This can be lowered again by using barium carbonate.
EQUIPMENT
Equipment Technology
Please refer to our Information Leaflet MB 1300 „“Equipment Technology for Chrome
Electrolytes “.
Anodes
Please refer to our Information Leaflet MB 1305 „Anodes for Chrome Electrolytes“.
Rectifiers
Normally 12-Volt rectifiers should be used. The rectifiers must always have a ripple voltage
which is less than 5 % over the entire current range.
Heating/Cooling
Immersion heaters, heat exchangers, heating and cooling coils made of, PTFE. The capacity
of the heating/cooling must be such as to enable the electrolyte to be operated without any
problems, within the recommended temperature range
ANKOR® 1120 R
Technical Data Sheet – Process Code: 13061/003
Issue: 16 August 2016 Version: 2.0 Page 3 of 8
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
SOLUTION MAINTENANCE
Manner of operation
It has proved to be of advantage to use ANKOR NFDS as an activation bath between nickel
and chrome.
Details may be gleaned from the separate Technical Data Sheet ANKOR NFDS.
Regeneration
The prescribed values are to be maintained by using chromic acid, sulfuric acid and ANKOR
1120 F as necessary.
The density should be measured regularly, since this is the easiest way of determining the
most important parameter with the least effort.
In order to increase the density by 1 °Bé about 1.5 kg chromic acid will be needed pro 100 L
electrolyte. At the same time, for every 50 kg chromic acid used, 4 to 8 L of ANKOR 1120 F
should be added to the electrolyte. Precise quantities to be used must be established by
analysis.
If our instructions are carefully adhered to, then special corrections of the bath will, under
normal working conditions, only be necessary in exceptional cases, as laid down by us after
analysis.
As the concentration of boric acid increases (by drag in) the sulfuric acid contend should be
raised in order to avoid white washing on the chrome deposits.
The sulfuric acid concentration in such cases will be:
Boric Acid [g/L] Sulfuric Acid [%]
0–1 0.35 – 0.50
1–2 0.50 – 0.70
2–4 0.70 – 0.90
Rate of Deposition
about. 0.08 µm/min at 10 A/dm²
about. 0.14 µm/min at 15 A/dm²
about. 0.22 µm/min at 20 A/dm²
ANKOR® 1120 R
Technical Data Sheet – Process Code: 13061/003
Issue: 16 August 2016 Version: 2.0 Page 4 of 8
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES
Determination of chromic acid in chrome electrolytes (AP 0068)
Reagents
• Sulfuric acid 1:10
• Potassium iodide solution f.a., 100 g/L
• Starch solution, 10 g/L
• Sodium thiosulphate solution, 0.1 mol/L
Pipette 0.2 mL of electrolyte into a 300 mL Erlenmeyer flask. One after the other, add:
approx. 50 mL of demineralised water
approx. 30 mL of sulfuric acid 1:10 and
approx. 10 mL of potassium iodide solution
Titrate with sodium thiosulphate solution until the brown color of the iodine is clearly fading.
Then add 5 mL of starch solution and continue to titrate the solution, which is now deep blue,
until a colorless (or, possibly, a slightly greenish) titration end point is reached.
Calculation
mL of sodium thiosulphate solution x 16.7 = g/L of chromic acid (CrO3)
Determination of Sulfuric Acid in Chromium Electrolytes (AP 0073)
Reagents
• Hydrochloric acid 1:1
• Hydrochloric acid 1:10
• Barium chloride solution, 20 %
• Calibrating solution: 3 g/L of sulfuric acid p.a. 300 g/L of chromic acid p.a. (for the
calibration of electrolytes containing chromic acid)
To be noted:
If suspended solids, floating particles or sludge can be seen in the electrolyte to be
analyzed, the electrolyte must be cleaned in a preliminary centrifuging step. To this effect, fill
30 mL, ea., of electrolyte into each centrifuge test tube and centrifuge it for 5 minutes at 510
RCF. Then carry on working as described below.
Successively, pipette
5 mL of hydrochloric acid (1:1) and
20 mL of electrolyte into a Sulfuric acid test tube. Next, add
5 mL of barium chloride solution.
Close the sulfuric acid test tube with the screw cap and shake it for approx. 5 seconds. Next,
place the sulfuric acid test tube into the centrifuge and centrifuge it for 10 minutes at 510
RCF.
ANKOR® 1120 R
Technical Data Sheet – Process Code: 13061/003
Issue: 16 August 2016 Version: 2.0 Page 5 of 8
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
The barium sulphate volume can be read from the graduation marks (A) on the sulfuric acid
test tubes.
The precipitate must be thumped flat prior to reading the volume. Hold the sulfuric acid test
tubes at eye-level to get a proper reading.
Calculation
20 mL of electrolyte sample: Number of graduation marks A x factor = g/L of Sulfuric acid
The Sulfuric acid test tubes have an individual factor which has to be determined prior to the
first analysis (see para. 6 below).
Chromium electrolytes:
The sulfuric acid content is usually indicated relative to the chromic acid content in %, which
is calculated as follows:
g/L of sulphuric acid × 100
= % of sulphuric acid
g/L of chromic acid
Determining the factor
To determine the factor of the sulfuric acid test tube, use a calibrating solution with a
determined Sulfuric acid content instead of the electrolyte. At the make-up of the calibration
solution attention must be paid that the solution should stay overnight before it is finally filled
up.
The analysis is carried out as described above.
Factor = c / a
c = sulfuric acid content in g/L of the calibrating solution
a = number of graduation marks covered by the precipitate.
Remarks
RCF: Relative Centrifugal Force
g: RCF colloquially 510 RCF (g) correlate to 1500 U/min (radius of ab. 200mm).
The sulfuric acid test tubes should not be stored dry, but filled with hydrochloric 1:10 after
use.
ANKOR® 1120 R
Technical Data Sheet – Process Code: 13061/003
Issue: 16 August 2016 Version: 2.0 Page 6 of 8
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
Determination of trivalent chrome and chromic oxide (AP 0034)
Reagents
• Sulfuric acid, 2.5 mol/L
• Ceric sulphate solution, 0.1 mol/L
• Oxalic acid, 0.05 mol/L
Pipette 5 mL of electrolyte into a 250 mL beaker.
One after the other, add:
approx. 10 mL of sulfuric acid
approx. 150 mL of demineralised water, and
approx. 20 mL of ceric sulphate solution.
Heat the sample to 55 °C and keep it at that temperature for 5 minutes. Then place the
sample on the magnetic stirrer heated to 55°C, immerse the electrode pair and the burette
tip and switch the stirrer on. The potential difference between electrodes must now be >
1180 mV. If this value is not reached, add another 20 mL of ceric sulphate solution. Repeat
the reading after 5 minutes at 55°C.
If 1,180 mV are not attained, the preparation has to be repeated with 2mL of electrolyte
sample and 20 mL of ceric sulphate solution.
The sample is titrated potentiometrically using oxalic acid.
Calculation
mL of ceric sulphate consumed = (mL of ceric sulphate employed - mL of oxalic acid
consumed)
mL of ceric sulphate consumed x factor Cr2O3 = g/L Cr2O3
mL of ceric sulphate consumed x factor trivalent chrome = g/L of trivalent chrome
Electrolyte X mL of bath sample Factor trivalent Factor Cr2O3
chrome
Chrome electrolytes and 5 0.346 0.508
pickles,
respectively, up to 9 g/L Cr2O3
Chrome electrolytes and 2 0.865 1.27
pickles,
respectively, 10 - 25 g/L Cr2O3
Chrome electrolytes and 1 1.73 2.54
pickles,
respectively, 26 - 50 g/L Cr2O3
ANKOR® 1120 R
Technical Data Sheet – Process Code: 13061/003
Issue: 16 August 2016 Version: 2.0 Page 7 of 8
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET
SAFETY & WARNING
MacDermid Enthone recommends that the company/operator read and review the Safety
Data Sheets for the appropriate health and safety warnings before use.
Safety Data Sheets are available from MacDermid Enthone.
WASTE TREATMENT
Prior to using any recommendations or suggestions by MacDermid Enthone for waste
treatment, the user is required to know the appropriate local/state/federal regulations for on-
site or off-site treatment which may require permits. If there is any conflict regarding our
recommendations, local/state/federal regulations take precedent.
ORDER INFORMATION
Product Code
Chromic acid, crystalline 804338CIM
Sulfuric acid, chem. rein 96 %, δ = 1,83 g/mL 803998
Barium carbonate 805435
ANKOR 1120 F 205556
ANKOR Dyne 30 MS 427304
CONTACT INFORMATION
To confirm this is the most recent issue, please contact MacDermid Enthone
macdermidenthone.com/industrial
Europe
Elisabeth-Selbert-Strasse 4
40764 Langenfeld, Germany
49.2173.8490.0
[email protected]
Also read carefully warning and safety information on the Safety Data Sheet. This data sheet contains technical information required for safe and economical operation of this product.
READ IT THOROUGHLY PRIOR TO PRODUCT USE. Emergency directory assistance Chemtrec 1 - 800 - 424 - 9300.
DISCLAIMER: All statements, technical information and recommendations contained herein are based on tests we believe to be reliable, but the accuracy or completeness thereof is not
guaranteed. No statement or recommendation shall constitute a representation unless set forth in an agreement signed by officers of seller and manufacturer. NO WARRANTY OR
MERCHANTABILITY OR WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE IS MADE. The following warranty is made in lieu of such warranties and all other warranties,
express, implied, or statutory. Products are warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship at the time sold. The sole obligation of seller and manufacturer under this
warranty shall be to replace any product defective at the time sold. Under no circumstances shall manufacturer or seller be liable for any loss, damage or expense, direct or
consequential, arising out of the inability to use the product. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if products are supplied in response to a customer request that specifies operating
parameters beyond those stated above, or if products are used under conditions exceeding said parameters, the customer by acceptance or use thereof assumes all risk of product
failure and of all direct, indirect and consequential damages that may result from use of the products under conditions, and agrees to exonerate, indemnify and hold harmless MacDermid
Incorporated and its affiliates therefrom. No suggestion for product use nor anything contained herein shall be construed as a recommendation to use any product in infringement of any
patent rights, and seller and manufacturer assume no responsibility or liability for any such infringement.
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© Platform Specialty Products Corporation and its subsidiaries 2016.
ANKOR® 1120 R
Technical Data Sheet – Process Code: 13061/003
Issue: 16 August 2016 Version: 2.0 Page 8 of 8
