Software Requirements
Specification
for
Gas Leak Detection System
Prepared by Author(s):
1. Aryan Pati
2.Koushik Mohanty
3. Pratik Behera
4.Chhitij Pradhan
5.Ashish K Behera
Department of
Computer Science and Engineering
IGIT, Sarang
Date created – 04/12/2024
DECLARATION
It is hereby declared that this report is an authentic record of my work carried out under the
supervision of Priyabrata Sahu, Suvendu Kumar Jena, DEPT. OF CSEA, IGIT,SARANG.
I have not submitted this report elsewhere for any other degree or diploma.
1. Aryan Pati
2.Koushik Mohanty
3. Pratik Behera
4.Chhitij Pradhan
5.Ashish K Behera
Department of CSEA
IGIT, SARANG
1. Introduction
1.1 Purpose
The Gas Leak Detection System is intended to enhance safety in residential, commercial, and
industrial environments by promptly detecting hazardous gas leaks and notifying
stakeholders. The system uses an MQ2 gas sensor to measure gas concentrations and a GSM
module to deliver SMS alerts in real-time. The aim is to mitigate the risks associated with
flammable gas leaks, including fire hazards, explosions, and suffocation.
Key Objectives:
Prevent loss of life and property caused by gas leaks.
Offer a cost-effective and user-friendly solution for gas monitoring.
Provide remote notification to ensure timely action.
1.2 Scope
The system integrates hardware and software components to deliver a reliable gas monitoring
solution.
Primary Features:
1. Detection of flammable gases such as LPG, methane, and propane.
2. SMS alerts to predefined contacts for immediate response.
3. Local alarm using a buzzer for on-site notification.
4. Real-time display of gas levels on an LCD screen.
Applications:
Homes using LPG cylinders.
Industries with combustible gases in storage or production.
Restaurants and kitchens where gas usage is frequent.
Laboratories handling flammable chemicals.
Limitations:
Requires a GSM network for SMS alerts.
May require calibration for optimal performance under varying environmental
conditions.
1.3 Definitions, Acronyms, and Abbreviations
MQ2 Sensor: A gas sensor for detecting flammable gases such as methane, butane,
and LPG.
GSM Module: A communication device used for sending SMS alerts via cellular
networks.
SMS: Short Message Service.
LPG: Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
Threshold Level: A predefined gas concentration level that triggers the alarm and
SMS alert.
1.4 References
1. MQ2 Sensor Datasheet by Hanwei Electronics.
2. GSM Module (SIM900A) User Manual.
3. Arduino IDE Documentation (Arduino.cc).
4. Industry safety standards for hazardous gas monitoring (OSHA guidelines).
1.5 Overview
This document provides a structured specification for the development of the gas leak
detection system. It outlines functional and non-functional requirements, technical
specifications, system architecture, and design considerations.
2. Overall Description
2.1 Product Perspective
This system operates as a standalone unit, combining a gas sensor, a microcontroller, and a
GSM module. It offers:
Input: Gas concentration data from the MQ2 sensor.
Processing: Analyzing the gas concentration against threshold levels.
Output: Local alarms, real-time display, and SMS alerts.
The system can be integrated into larger safety frameworks or operate independently.
2.2 Product Functions
1. Measure gas concentrations in the environment using the MQ2 sensor.
2. Continuously compare gas levels with safety thresholds.
3. Trigger local audio-visual alerts upon detecting dangerous gas concentrations.
4. Send SMS alerts to predefined contacts for remote monitoring and action.
5. Provide real-time gas concentration readings on an LCD display for on-site
monitoring.
2.3 User Characteristics
1. End Users:
o Households with LPG usage.
o Factory workers and supervisors in industrial environments.
2. System Installers:
o Technicians with basic knowledge of sensor and microcontroller setup.
3. Maintenance Personnel:
o Individuals responsible for periodic testing and calibration of the system.
2.4 Constraints
1. Environmental Constraints:
o The MQ2 sensor is sensitive to temperature and humidity variations.
o Operation may be affected by power outages unless a backup is provided.
2. Technological Constraints:
o Requires GSM network availability for SMS notifications.
o Accuracy may degrade without periodic calibration.
2.5 Assumptions and Dependencies
1. The end user has access to a stable and uninterrupted power supply.
2. The GSM module is compatible with the local cellular network.
3. The installation area has proper ventilation to ensure sensor accuracy.
3. Specific Requirements
3.1 Functional Requirements
1. Gas Detection:
o The system must detect flammable gases using the MQ2 sensor.
2. Threshold Alerting:
o Trigger an alarm and SMS alert when gas concentration exceeds predefined
levels.
3. Notification System:
o Support sending SMS to at least three predefined contacts.
4. Display Functionality:
o Continuously display gas levels on an LCD screen in real time.
5. System Feedback:
o Provide error messages for malfunctions like sensor failure or network issues.
3.2 Non-Functional Requirements
3.2.1 Safety Requirements
1. Insulate the hardware to prevent short circuits.
2. Shield the sensor and GSM module from environmental factors like dust and
moisture.
3. Design the system to be tamper-proof for critical installations.
3.2.2 Security Requirements
1. Prevent unauthorized access to threshold settings.
2. Encrypt SMS communication to secure sensitive alerts.
3.2.3 Software Quality Attributes
1. Usability:
o Provide a user-friendly interface for setting thresholds and contact numbers.
2. Reliability:
o Ensure consistent performance under defined conditions for at least 5 years.
3. Maintainability:
o Design modular code for ease of updates and debugging.
4. Scalability:
o Support additional sensors for detecting other types of gases in the future.
3.3 Hardware Requirements
1. MQ2 Gas Sensor.
2. GSM Module (e.g., SIM900A).
3. Arduino Uno microcontroller.
4. LCD Display (16x2).
5. Buzzer for audio alerts.
6. Power Supply Unit (5V DC).
7. LED indicators for system status.
3.4 Software Requirements
1. Arduino IDE for coding and uploading firmware.
2. Required Libraries:
o GSM Library: For SMS functionality.
o Liquid Crystal Library: For LCD interfacing.
3. Debugging Tools:
o Serial Monitor for testing communication and sensor readings.
3.5 System Design and Architecture
1. Modular Design: Separate modules for gas detection, data processing, and alerting.
2. Client-Server Model: The gas detection unit acts as a client, and GSM acts as a
notification server.
3.6 Testing Requirements
1. Unit Testing: Validate individual components like the sensor, GSM module, and
microcontroller.
2. Integration Testing: Ensure seamless communication between hardware and
software modules.
3. System Testing: Test the complete system for functional and non-functional
requirements under real-world conditions.
4. User Acceptance Testing: Evaluate the system with end users for usability and
reliability.
4.0 CONCLUSION
e-Administration of computer labs is an automated system for lab management. It eases the
tasks of the administrator, instructors, technical staff, HODs of various departments and
students.
The administrator creates different users and assigns specific privileges to users. He is
responsible for handling most of the tasks such as extra lab requests, assigning tasks to
instructors, etc. Here the user lodges a complaint about improper functioning of the lab
equipment. This complaint will be automatically assigned to technical staff based on the
nature of the problem.
The instructor maintains the documentation of software, hardware and also reports the
condition of equipment to the admin. He also gets alerts via SMS about the warranty or
expiry of the product, if it is outdated.
HODs of the various departments can also send a request for the extra lab. Based on the
available slots, admin defines the slots and send a reply to HOD. This software also facilitates
students in getting syllabus copy, software installation procedures, different lab related
software, etc.
This document provides a detailed specification for developing a robust gas leak
detection system for the minor project. It outlines requirements, design, and operational
considerations to ensure safety and reliability.
5.0 Bibliography
1. MQ2 Sensor Datasheet
Hanwei Electronics Co., Ltd. Technical Datasheet for MQ2 Gas Sensor.
Available at: https://www.hwsensor.com
2. GSM Module Documentation
SIMCom Wireless Solutions. SIM900A GSM Module User Guide.
Available at: https://www.simcom.com
3. Arduino IDE Documentation
Arduino.cc. Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) Guide.
Available at: https://www.arduino.cc/en/software
4. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Guidelines
U.S. Department of Labor. Standards for Hazardous Gas Monitoring and Prevention.
Available at: https://www.osha.gov
5. IoT in Gas Detection Systems
Smith, J., & Brown, K. Applications of Internet of Things in Gas Leak Detection
Systems.
Published in International Journal of Safety and Environment Studies, 2021, 45(3),
pp. 220–234.
6. Embedded Systems Design
Vahid, F., & Givargis, T. Embedded System Design: A Unified Hardware/Software
Introduction. Wiley, 2017.
7. Gas Detection Technologies
Peterson, R. Advances in Gas Sensor Technologies and Applications. Springer, 2019.
8. Real-Time Embedded Systems
Liu, J. W. S. Real-Time Systems. Pearson, 2020.
9. Mobile Communication Systems
Stallings, W. Wireless Communications & Networks. Pearson Education, 2019.
10. Industry Standards for Gas Detection
International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ISO 26142:2010 - Gas
Detection Systems.
Available at: https://www.iso.org
11. Safety Standards for Residential Gas Systems
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). NFPA 54: National Fuel Gas Code.
Available at: https://www.nfpa.org
12. Open Source Libraries for Arduino
Arduino.cc. GSM and LiquidCrystal Libraries Documentation.
Available at: https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/Libraries
This bibliography provides references to resources used for developing the gas leak detection
system's design, implementation, and safety considerations.
