RURAL EXODUS
PRESENTATION DEVELOPMENT PLAN
Introduction
1. DEFINITION
2. DEVELOPMENT
3. CAUSES
4. CONSEQUENCES
5. SOLUTIONS
Conclusion
1
Introduction
Each year, a high number of emigrants leave the countryside, most
of them heading towards the capital and other provincial towns, nourishing
the illusory hope of jobs in the urban environment.
But in reality, these unfortunate people are only changing their pole
misery to the extent that they are only contributing to fueling the slums,
which will lead to an increase in juvenile delinquency in prostitution,
banditry... The population is increasingly aging, and young people in the
regions who will take over the job market to satisfy the needs of the
family.
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Rural exodus is when people move, either temporarily or
permanently, from a rural area to an urban city.
Rural exodus occurs at both the national and international level, but
internal or national migration takes place at a higher rate.
This type of migration is voluntary, meaning that migrants willingly
choose to relocate.
However, rural exodus can also be forced in some cases, such as
when rural refugees flee to urban areas.
Developing areas characteristically have higher rates of rural exodus
compared to areas with more developed economies.
2. DEVELOPMENT
Nowadays, massive migrations of rural people to cities primarily
concern developing countries ; the lack of modernization of farms and
environmental degradation are driving millions of poor farmers towards
cities in search of less unfavorable living conditions.
Some villagers embark on the adventure by imitation, once arriving
in the capital, they face difficulties of all kinds and engage in less paid
work such as domestic work which is generally poorly paid, they are
mistreated by the household bosses who employ them.
They work a lot to earn little or almost nothing.
Young girls are sexual objects and regularly become pregnant.
This creating burdens not only for parents but also for the State by
throwing newborns into trash cans, streets, etc.
Moving to the city or rural exodus not only has disadvantages to list
but also beneficial advantages for rural families which are : schooling,
hiring, trade, etc.
3. CAUSES
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The phenomenon of rural exodus or movement to the city is linked
to different causes which are :
Drought ;
Lack of work (unemployment) : there are fewer jobs in the
countryside
The harshness of field work ;
Agricultural production is not enough to survive because the climate
is almost rainless ;
The absence of schools in the rural world ;
Absence of services meeting the essential needs of the rural family
(health, education, commerce) or limited access to these services.
Due to social values and poor development of conditions of equity in
economic resources ;
Incomes are below the minimum necessary to allow the family to
obtain the essential goods and services they need, including food ;
Lack of means of entertainment for young people.
4. CONSEQUENCES
Certain consequences to better understand the Disadvantages of the
rural exodus or the mass departure to the urban environment :
Juvenile delinquency (young people)
Decrease in agricultural production
Unemployment
Increase in the crime rate
The appearance of slums (a housing group where the poorest people
reside)
Acquisition of knowledge in all areas (educational, commercial,
sporting, cultural, etc.)
5. SOLUTIONS
With regard to the suggestions, the State must think of rural people
by encouraging farmers by developing agricultural areas, equipping the
rural world with necessary means of life : the electrification of rural areas,
the supply of drinking water to populations, encouraging the program to
promote schooling in rural areas, encouraging the activities of women and
young people by providing them with appropriate reception structures
such as centers social services, basic health care centers, youth centers,
sports fields, create jobs to maintain young villagers and encourage them
to stay there.
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Conclusion
This emigration suddenly constitutes a loss of income for the parents
of the village.
These young people flee the village because of the impoverishment
of arable land, poverty, absence of schools, unemployment... to settle in
urban areas while creating disorder : crimes, misdemeanors... on the other
hand some of them work well to satisfy the needs of the family in the
village.
