Project_Theme-Science and_Technology
Project_Title-Smart_Blind_Stick
PROBLEM_STATEMENT
According to WHO, there are over 1.3billion visually impaired people
worldwide, with over 36million of them blind.
Despite the fact that there are numerous campaigns underway to treat these
people, it has proven difficult to obtain all of the necessary supplies.
So I come up with my idea of a smart blind stick to help these people.
ABOUT
My project is a device that detects objects and conveys the information to
the visually impaired in the form of beep sound.
It allows visually impaired people to move from one location to another
without the assistance of others.
The device can also be used in nursing homes where elderly people have
difficulty with daily activities due to poor vision.
This project focuses on object detection of objects or obstacles by ultrasonic
sensor mounted on the stick, the information of which is then relayed to the user
via sound.
MATERIALS_REQUIRED
Arduino Nano
Buzzer
RF Remote
Ultrasonic sensor
battery
switch
wooden stick/plastic pipe.
HOW_IT_WORKS?
My project will use the sensors by which it could sense any object coming in
contact with the stick. This Smart stick will have an Ultrasonic sensor to sense
distance from any obstacle, LDR to sense lighting conditions and a RF
remote using which the blind man could remotely locate his stick. All the
feedbacks will be given to the blind man through a Buzzer which will guide the
person and alert him/her.
CIRCUIT_DIAGRAM
SCIENCE_PRINCIPLE
The science principle used in my project is sensing technology. Electrical
sensors have the ability to transform electric potentials, fields and charges into
electrical signals. Since the source measurand is already of electrical nature,
these sensors use the direct sensing principle.
ABSTRACT
Blind peoples have to face many challenges in their life, one of them is finding
their way on the streets. On the streets, there are so many vehicles and obstacles
that may block their way and also may injure them. Partial or complete
blindness cause a person to become dependent on others for help. In today's
world even the disable people want to be independent and do not want to seek
help from others. Smart Blind Stick is an innovative device, which is an
initiative to help blind people to resolve the problems faced by them in their
daily life. The main objective of the device is to help blind people to walk with
complete relieve and self-dependency. The Smart Blind Stick automatically
detects the obstacle in front of the person by use of an Ultrasonic sensor.
INTRODUCTION
"Smart Blind Stick™ helps the visually impaired people to navigate and detect
the nearby obstacles with the help of ultrasonic waves and alert them with a
buzzer sound. On sensing obstacle, the buzzer gives an alert beep to the blind
person. If the obstacle is not that close the device does nothing. If the obstacle is
close the microcontroller sends a signal to the buzzer which is connected to the
stick.
As the distance between smart blind stick and obstacle decreases, frequency of
audio signal increases. When the ultrasonic sensor detects obstacle, the device
will notify the user through the beep sound. The rate of beeping increases with
decrease in distance.
WORKING PRINCIPLE:
Arduino Nano is programmed in such a way that on switching 'ON' the
Arduino, it sends a LOW to HIGH signal on the TRIG pin of the Ultrasonic
sensor which then will send an Ultrasonic wave using the ultrasonic transmitter
of the sensor. These ultrasonic waves travel through air and on colliding with an
obstacle, get reflected back. Programming is done in such a manner, that when
the obstacle is in the range of the sensor, the Arduino will play the buzzer and
the frequency of the sound increases as the distance between the sensor and the
obstacle decreases.
The sensor would give an electrical response at the ECHO pin of the sensor.
This response is the time taken by the wave for a round journey from sensor to
obstacle and back to the sensor. For the calculation, only one-way distance is
needed. This can be calculated by the distance formula
FUTURE SCOPE OF PROJECT:
We can also include GPS module and GSM/GPRS module, where GPS module
helps to trace the blind person using the data collected by it. In case of
dangerous circumstances, the person whose phone number has been saved is
notified that the blind person is at risk, along with the current location of the
blind person. The smart stick can also facilitate the blind person to make calls at
times of emergency. All these features are beneficial in lending a hand to make
the visually impaired people become self-reliant while navigating.
YASHI TIWARI
XII E
PM SHRI KV PUSHP VIHAR
