Reflection & Plane Mirrors
1. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection. This is stated by:
a) Newton’s law
b) Ohm’s law
c) Law of reflection
d) Snell’s law
Answer: c) Law of reflection
2. The image formed by a plane mirror is always:
a) Real and inverted
b) Virtual and erect
c) Real and erect
d) Virtual and inverted
Answer: b) Virtual and erect
3. The size of the image formed by a plane mirror is:
a) Larger than the object
b) Smaller than the object
c) Equal to the object
d) Depends on the distance
Answer: c) Equal to the object
4. Lateral inversion is observed in:
a) Plane mirrors
b) Concave mirrors
c) Convex mirrors
d) All mirrors
Answer: a) Plane mirrors
5. If you raise your right hand, the image in a plane mirror appears to raise its:
a) Right hand
b) Left hand
c) Both hands
d) No change
Answer: b) Left hand
Spherical Mirrors
6. A concave mirror is also called a:
a) Diverging mirror
b) Converging mirror
c) Plane mirror
d) None of these
Answer: b) Converging mirror
7. The focal length of a spherical mirror is:
a) Half of its radius of curvature
b) Equal to its radius of curvature
c) Double its radius of curvature
d) One-fourth its radius of curvature
Answer: a) Half of its radius of curvature
8. The mirror used in vehicle headlights is:
a) Convex mirror
b) Plane mirror
c) Concave mirror
d) Parabolic mirror
Answer: c) Concave mirror
9. A convex mirror always forms an image that is:
a) Real and inverted
b) Virtual and erect
c) Real and erect
d) Virtual and inverted
Answer: b) Virtual and erect
10. The mirror formula is given by:
a) 1f=1v−1uf1=v1−u1
b) 1f=1v+1uf1=v1+u1
c) f=u+v2f=2u+v
d) f=uvf=uv
Answer: b) 1f=1v+1uf1=v1+u1
Refraction & Lenses
11. The bending of light when it passes from one medium to another is called:
a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Dispersion
d) Scattering
Answer: b) Refraction
12. The refractive index of a medium depends on:
a) The wavelength of light
b) The nature of the medium
c) Both a) and b)
d) None of these
Answer: c) Both a) and b)
13. A convex lens is also called a:
a) Diverging lens
b) Converging lens
c) Plano-concave lens
d) None of these
Answer: b) Converging lens
14. The power of a lens is measured in:
a) Watts
b) Diopters
c) Ohms
d) Joules
Answer: b) Diopters
15. A lens forms a virtual, erect, and magnified image. The object must be placed:
a) At focus
b) Between focus and optical center
c) Beyond 2F
d) At infinity
Answer: b) Between focus and optical center
Human Eye & Defects
16. The part of the eye that controls the amount of light entering is the:
a) Retina
b) Cornea
c) Iris
d) Lens
Answer: c) Iris
17. The defect of vision in which a person cannot see distant objects clearly is called:
a) Myopia
b) Hypermetropia
c) Presbyopia
d) Astigmatism
Answer: a) Myopia
18. Myopia can be corrected using a:
a) Convex lens
b) Concave lens
c) Cylindrical lens
d) Bifocal lens
Answer: b) Concave lens
19. The persistence of vision for the human eye is approximately:
a) 110101 second
b) 116161 second
c) 120201 second
d) 125251 second
Answer: b) 116161 second
20. The far point of a normal eye is at:
a) 25 cm
b) 50 cm
c) Infinity
d) 100 cm
Answer: c) Infinity
Dispersion & Scattering
21. The splitting of white light into its constituent colors is called:
a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Dispersion
d) Scattering
Answer: c) Dispersion
22. The color of light that scatters the least is:
a) Violet
b) Blue
c) Red
d) Green
Answer: c) Red
23. The sky appears blue due to:
a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Scattering
d) Dispersion
Answer: c) Scattering
24. A rainbow is formed due to:
a) Reflection only
b) Refraction only
c) Dispersion and total internal reflection
d) Scattering only
Answer: c) Dispersion and total internal reflection
25. The danger signal is red because it:
a) Is least scattered
b) Is most scattered
c) Has the highest energy
d) Is refracted the least
Answer: a) Is least scattered
Additional MCQs (26-50)
26. The speed of light is maximum in:
a) Glass
b) Water
c) Vacuum
d) Diamond
Answer: c) Vacuum
27. A real image can be formed by a:
a) Plane mirror
b) Convex mirror
c) Concave mirror
d) All of these
Answer: c) Concave mirror
28. The magnification produced by a plane mirror is:
a) +1
b) -1
c) 0
d) Infinity
Answer: a) +1
29. The focal length of a convex lens is:
a) Positive
b) Negative
c) Zero
d) Infinite
Answer: a) Positive
30. The phenomenon responsible for the twinkling of stars is:
a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Scattering
d) Dispersion
Answer: b) Refraction
Optical Instruments & Applications
31. The lens used in a simple microscope is:
a) Concave lens
b) Convex lens
c) Cylindrical lens
d) Bifocal lens
Answer: b) Convex lens
32. A dentist's mirror is a:
a) Plane mirror
b) Convex mirror
c) Concave mirror
d) Parabolic mirror
Answer: c) Concave mirror
33. The magnification of a convex lens is +2. The image is:
a) Real and inverted
b) Virtual and erect
c) Real and erect
d) Virtual and inverted
Answer: b) Virtual and erect
34. The device used to correct hypermetropia is:
a) Concave lens
b) Convex lens
c) Cylindrical lens
d) Bifocal lens
Answer: b) Convex lens
35. A periscope works on the principle of:
a) Refraction
b) Total internal reflection
c) Diffraction
d) Scattering
Answer: b) Total internal reflection
Numerical Problems
36. If the focal length of a convex lens is 20 cm, its power is:
a) +5 D
b) -5 D
c) +0.5 D
d) -0.5 D
Answer: a) +5 D (Power = 1/f in meters)
37. An object is placed at 30 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. The image
distance is:
a) -10 cm
b) -30 cm
c) +30 cm
d) +10 cm
Answer: c) +30 cm (Using mirror formula: 1/f = 1/v + 1/u)
38. The refractive index of water is 1.33. The speed of light in water is:
a) 3 × 10⁸ m/s
b) 2.25 × 10⁸ m/s
c) 4 × 10⁸ m/s
d) 1.33 × 10⁸ m/s
Answer: b) 2.25 × 10⁸ m/s (Speed = c/μ)
Advanced Concepts
39. Total internal reflection occurs when light travels from:
a) Rarer to denser medium
b) Denser to rarer medium
c) Same to same medium
d) None of these
Answer: b) Denser to rarer medium
40. The critical angle for glass-air interface is about:
a) 42°
b) 49°
c) 90°
d) 0°
Answer: a) 42°
41. Optical fibers work on the principle of:
a) Refraction
b) Scattering
c) Total internal reflection
d) Dispersion
Answer: c) Total internal reflection
42. A prism disperses light because:
a) Different colors have different speeds in glass
b) It absorbs some colors
c) It reflects light differently
d) None of these
Answer: a) Different colors have different speeds in glass
Everyday Phenomena
43. The reddish appearance of the sun during sunrise/sunset is due to:
a) Reflection
b) Scattering
c) Dispersion
d) Refraction
Answer: b) Scattering
44. A mirage is caused by:
a) Reflection
b) Refraction
c) Total internal reflection
d) Diffraction
Answer: c) Total internal reflection
45. The reason why diamonds sparkle is:
a) High refractive index
b) Total internal reflection
c) Both a) and b)
d) Scattering
Answer: c) Both a) and b)
Miscellaneous
46. The power of a lens is -2D. It is a:
a) Convex lens
b) Concave lens
c) Plane glass
d) None of these
Answer: b) Concave lens
47. The SI unit of luminous intensity is:
a) Candela
b) Lux
c) Lumen
d) Watt
Answer: a) Candela
48. The part of the eye where image is formed is:
a) Cornea
b) Iris
c) Retina
d) Pupil
Answer: c) Retina
49. Bifocal lenses are used to correct:
a) Myopia
b) Hypermetropia
c) Presbyopia
d) Astigmatism
Answer: c) Presbyopia
50. The phenomenon used in cinema projectors is:
a) Persistence of vision
b) Accommodation
c) Lateral inversion
d) Total internal reflection
Answer: a) Persistence of vision
